Wiktionary

남

남 U+B0A8, 남
HANGUL SYLLABLE NAM
Composition:ㄴ + ㅏ + ㅁ
← 낧
[U+B0A7] 		Hangul Syllables 납 →
[U+B0A9]
나낙낚낛난낝낞
낟날낡낢낣낤낥
낦낧남납낪낫났
낭낮낯낰낱낲낳
끼 ←→ 내

Korean

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Etymology 1

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First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄂᆞᆷ〮 (Yale: nóm).

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [na̠m]
    • Audio:(file)
  • Phonetic hangul: [남]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?nam
Revised Romanization (translit.)?nam
McCune–Reischauer?nam
Yale Romanization?nam
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 남의 / 남에 / 남까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable, unless it is 에.

Noun

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남 • (nam)

  1. other person, other people; someone other than the self
    Antonym: 나 (na, “I; me”)
  2. stranger, someone one does not know
    우리 고등학교 동창인데 왜 남 취급해?
    uri godeunghakgyo dongchang-inde wae nam chwigeuphae?
    We used to go to the same high school, why are you treating me like someone you don't know?
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Sino-Korean word from 男 (“man”), from the Middle Korean reading 남 (Yale: nàm).

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?nam
Revised Romanization (translit.)?nam
McCune–Reischauer?nam
Yale Romanization?nam

Noun

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남 • (nam) (hanja 男)

  1. (formal) man, male
    Coordinate term: 여(女) (yeo, “woman; female”)
  2. Short for 남작(男爵) (namjak, “baron”).
  3. son; used only when counting the number of children
    Coordinate term: 녀(女) (nyeo, “daughter”)
    나는 2남 2녀 중 막내다.
    Naneun 2nam 2nyeo jung mangnae-da.
    I am the youngest (child) among two sons and two daughters.
Usage notes
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Korean has a number of words equivalent to English "man" and "woman".

  1. Sino-Korean 남자 (男子, namja, “boy; guy; man”) and 여자 (女子, yeoja, “girl; woman”) are the most common words, but can have a somewhat informal connotation.
    걔는 남자야? — 아니, 여자야.
    Gyae-neun namja-ya? - ani, yeoja-ya.
    Is he/she a guy? — No, she's a girl.
    남자친구 / 여자친구
    namja-chin'gu / yeoja-chin'gu
    boyfriend / girlfriend
  2. Sino-Korean 남성 (男性, namseong, “male; men”) and 여성 (女性, yeoseong, “female; women”) refer to men and women as groups—though pluralized 남자들 (namja-deul, “the boys; the guys; the men”) and 여자들 (yeoja-deul, “the girls; the women”) is informally more common for this purpose—or to individual adult men and women in formal or polite contexts.
    여성 인권 운동
    yeoseong in'gwon undong
    women's rights movement, feminism
    20대 남성이 실종되었습니다. (in a news report)
    20dae namseong-i siljongdoe-eot-seumnida.
    A man in his twenties has gone missing.
  3. Sino-Korean 여인 (女人, yeoin, “woman”) is literary. There is no male counterpart.
    여인의 향기 (movie title)
    yeoin-ui hyanggi
    Scent of a Woman
  4. The bare Sino-Korean morphemes 남 (男, nam, “male”) and 여 (女, yeo, “female”) is generally used in formal contexts, especially when referring to each gender as a collective but also for male or female individuals in more legalistic contexts. They are commonly written in hanja even when the rest of the text is in pure Hangul script.
    남과 여의 만남
    nam-gwa yeo-ui mannam
    the meeting of Man and Woman
  5. Native 사내 (sanae, “man”) and 계집 (gyejip, “woman”) are not as commonly used. 사내 (sanae) often has a connotation of machismo or manliness, while 계집 (gyejip) has become offensive and derogatory.

Note that in Early Modern Korean (1600—c. 1900) and in contemporary Standard North Korean, Sino-Korean 여 (女, yeo, “female”) is written and pronounced 녀 (nyeo), hence 녀자 (女子, nyeoja), 녀성 (女性, nyeoseong), 녀인 (女人, nyeoin).

See also
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Prefix

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남— • (nam-) (hanja 男)

  1. (before nouns referring to people) man, male
    Coordinate term: 여(女)- (yeo-, “woman; female”)
    남고딩 ― namgoding ― male high schooler

Suffix

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—남 • (-nam) (hanja 男)

  1. man (who is characterized by this)
    Coordinate term: -녀(女) (-nyeo, “woman; female”)
    짝남 ― jjangnam ― the guy I have a crush on
    썸남 ― sseomnam ― the guy I'm flirting with
    유부남 ― yubunam ― married man

Derived terms

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Etymology 3

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Sino-Korean word from 南 (“south”), from the Middle Korean reading 남 (Yale: nàm).

Pronunciation

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Romanizations
Revised Romanization?nam
Revised Romanization (translit.)?nam
McCune–Reischauer?nam
Yale Romanization?nam

Noun

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남 • (nam) (hanja 南)

  1. (formal in isolation, more common in writing) south
    Synonym: (more common in isolation) 남(南)쪽 (namjjok)
    Antonym: 북(北) (buk, “north”)
Coordinate terms
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compass points:  [edit]

서북(西北) (seobuk)
북서(北西) (bukseo) 		북(北) (buk) 동북(東北) (dongbuk)
북동(北東) (bukdong)
서(西) (seo)   동(東) (dong)
서남(西南) (seonam)
남서(南西) (namseo) 		남(南) (nam) 동남(東南) (dongnam)
남동(南東) (namdong)
Derived terms
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Proper noun

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남 • (Nam) (hanja 南)

  1. Short for 남한(南韓)/남조선(南朝鮮) (namhan/namjoseon, “South Korea”).
    Antonym: 북(北) (buk, “North Korea”)
Usage notes
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In news headlines, this is usually written solely in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

Etymology 4

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Modern Korean reading of various Chinese characters, from the Middle Korean reading 남 (Yale: nam).

Syllable

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남 • (nam)

More information
  1. 南: south
    (eumhun reading: 남녘 남 (namnyeok nam))
    (MC reading: 南 (MC nom))
  2. 男: man
    (eumhun reading: 사내 남 (sanae nam))
    (MC reading: 男 (MC nom))
  3. 楠: Machilus nanmu
    (eumhun reading: 녹나무 남 (nongnamu nam))
    (MC reading: 楠 (MC nom))
  4. 枏: Alternative form of 楠
    (MC reading: 枏)
  5. 柟: Alternative form of 楠
    (MC reading: 柟 (MC nom|nyem|nyemX))
  6. 湳: name of a Chinese river
    (eumhun reading: 물 이름 남 (mul ireum nam))
    (MC reading: 湳 (MC nomX))
  7. 喃: chatter
    (eumhun reading: 재잘거릴 남 (jaejalgeoril nam))
    (MC reading: 喃 (MC nream))

Etymology 5

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Modern South Korean reading of various Chinese characters in isolation or as the first element of a compound, which was also true of most dialects (both North and South) in 1945. From Middle Korean 람 (Yale: lam); when preceded by another character in a compound, they retain the original 람 (ram) form.

In the North Korean standard, they are always read as 람 (ram), but this is an artificial imposition intended to standardize Sino-Korean readings, which did not reflect any major dialect's pronunciation in 1945.

Syllable

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남 • (nam)

More information
  1. 藍: indigo
    (eumhun reading: 쪽 남 (jjok nam))
    (MC reading: 藍 (MC lam))
  2. 襤: rags
    (eumhun reading: 누더기 남 (nudeogi nam))
    (MC reading: 襤 (MC lam))
  3. 濫: overflow
    (eumhun reading: 넘칠 남 (neomchil nam))
    (MC reading: 濫 (MC haemX|lamH))
  4. 嵐: mountain mist
    (eumhun reading: 남기 남 (namgi nam))
    (MC reading: 嵐 (MC lom))
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