拔

See also: 抜 and 拨

拔	U+62D4, 拔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62D4

← 拓
[U+62D3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

拕 →
[U+62D5]

拔	U+2F8B6, 拔 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8B6

← 抱
[U+2F8B5]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

捐 →
[U+2F8B7]

TranslingualEdit

Traditional	拔
Simplified	拔
Japanese	抜
Korean	拔

Alternative formsEdit

In traditional Chinese and Korean scripts, the bottom right component of 犮 is written 乂 instead of 又 (as found in the Kangxi dictionary).
In simplified Chinese and Vietnamese scripts, the bottom right component of 犮 is written 又 (友 with a dot on the top right corner). Due to Han unification, both traditional and simplified forms are encoded under the same codepoint. A CJK compatibility ideograph (U+2F8B6) exists corresponding to this form.
In Japanese, the right component 犮 is simplified to 友 instead, giving 抜 (U+629C).

Han characterEdit

拔 (radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手戈大水 (QIKE) or 手戈大大 (QIKK), four-corner 5304₇, composition ⿰扌犮(GHTJK))

Derived charactersEdit

菝

DescendantsEdit

抜 (Japanese shinjitai)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 426, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11959
Dae Jaweon: page 774, character 3
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1850, character 3
Unihan data for U+62D4

Unihan data for U+2F8B6

ChineseEdit

trad.		拔
simp. ^#		拔

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (犮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
軷	boːds, boːd
韍	bruds, pud
祓	pods, pʰud
蛂	*blɯːd
拔	bruːd, boːd, *bod
菝	bruːd, boːd
袚	*poːd
茇	*poːd
盋	*poːd
帗	poːd, pud
跋	*boːd
魃	*boːd
䣮	*boːd
馛	*boːd
炦	*boːd
颰	boːd, pod
妭	*boːd
犮	*boːd
胈	*boːd
鈸	*boːd
苃	*boːd
坺	boːd, bod
髮	*pod
冹	pod, pud
瞂	*bod
紱	*pud
黻	*pud
翇	*pud

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bruːd, *boːd, *bod): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 犮 (OC *boːd) – a hand pulls.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bá (ba²)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bat⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pha̍t
Min Dong (BUC): bĕk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): poa̍t / pu̍ih / poe̍h / pe̍h / pōe / poa̍h / phoa̍h

(Teochew, Peng'im): buag⁸ / buêg⁸ / boih⁸ / buah⁸
Xiang (Wiktionary): pa⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: bá
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˊ
  - Wade–Giles: pa²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bar
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bá
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bat⁶
  - Yale: baht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: bed⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐt̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pha̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: pad
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pad⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰat̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bĕk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛiʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poa̍t
  - Tâi-lô: pua̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poat
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /puat̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /puat̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /puat̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pu̍ih
  - Tâi-lô: pui̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: puih
  - IPA (Kinmen): /puiʔ⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /puiʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Lukang, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poe̍h
  - Tâi-lô: pue̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poeh
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pueʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pueʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍h
  - Tâi-lô: pe̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: peh
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /peʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōe
  - Tâi-lô: puē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poe
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poa̍h
  - Tâi-lô: pua̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poah
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /puaʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoa̍h
  - Tâi-lô: phua̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phoah
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰuaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰuaʔ¹²¹/

Note:

poa̍t - literary;
pu̍ih/poe̍h/pe̍h/pōe - vernacular;
poa̍h/phoa̍h - vernacular (俗).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: buag⁸ / buêg⁸ / boih⁸ / buah⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pua̍k / pue̍k / po̍ih / pua̍h
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /puak̚⁴/, /puek̚⁴/, /poiʔ⁴/, /puaʔ⁴/

Note:

buag8/buêg8 - literary (buêg8 - Chaozhou);
boih8 - vernacular;
buah8 - dialectal usage ("to draw water").

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: pa⁶
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰa̠²⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 拔
Mandarin	Beijing	/pa³⁵/
	Harbin	/pa²⁴/ /pa⁵³/ ～勁
	Tianjin	/pɑ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/pa⁴²/
	Qingdao	/pa⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pa⁴²/
	Xi'an	/pa²⁴/
	Xining	/pa²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/pa¹³/
	Lanzhou	/pa⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/pa⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/pa²¹³/
	Chengdu	/pʰa³¹/
	Guiyang	/pa²¹/
	Kunming	/pa̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/pɑʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/pɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/paʔ⁵⁴/
	Pingyao	/pʌʔ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/pa³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/baʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/baʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/bɑʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/bo²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/pʰa²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/pʰuːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/pʰa²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/pʰɒ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/pʰaʔ²/
Hakka	Meixian	/pʰat̚⁵/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/pʰɑt̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pɐt̚²/
	Nanning	/pat̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/pɐt̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/pat̚⁵/ /puiʔ⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/pɛiʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/pa²⁴/ /pai⁵⁴/ /pi⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/puak̚⁵/ /poiʔ⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ʔbuak̚⁵/ /ʔbe³³/

Middle Chinese: /bʉɐt̚/, /buɑt̚/, /bˠɛt̚/

Rime
Character	拔	拔	拔
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	並 (3)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	月 (68)	末 (64)	鎋 (75)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I	II
Fanqie	房越切	蒲撥切	蒲八切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʉɐt̚/	/buɑt̚/	/bˠɛt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷiɐt̚/	/bʷɑt̚/	/bᵚæt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biuɐt̚/	/buɑt̚/	/bæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buat̚/	/bwat̚/	/bəɨt̚/
Li Rong	/biuɐt̚/	/buɑt̚/	/bɛt̚/
Wang Li	/bĭwɐt̚/	/buɑt̚/	/bæt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯wɐt̚/	/bʱuɑt̚/	/bʱat̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fá	bó	bá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faat⁶	but⁶	baat⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*bˤ<r>ot/, /*bˤot-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*bruːd/, /*boːd/, /*bod/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	拔	拔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bá	bèi
Middle Chinese	‹ bɛt ›	‹ baj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*bˁ<r>ot/	/*bˁot-s/
English	uproot	thinned out (forest)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	拔	拔	拔
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	130	145	155
Phonetic component	犮	犮	犮
Rime group	月	月	月
Rime subdivision	2	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	拔	跋	伐
Old Chinese	/*bruːd/	/*boːd/	/*bod/

DefinitionsEdit

拔

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 拉 (“to pull; to tug”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		拉
Mandarin	Beijing	抻, 扽
	Taiwan	拉
	Jinan	抻, 拉
	Xi'an	拉, 抻, 扯
	Wuhan	拉, 扯, 𠡒
	Chengdu	扯, 拉
	Guilin	扯
	Yangzhou	拽, 扽, 拉
	Hefei	拉, 拽
	Singapore	拉
Cantonese	Guangzhou	拉, 掹
	Hong Kong	拉, 掹
	Yangjiang	掹, 拉
	Singapore (Guangfu)	拉
Gan	Nanchang	扯, 𠡒
Hakka	Meixian	挷
Jin	Taiyuan	扯
Min Bei	Jian'ou	拔, 揄
Min Dong	Fuzhou	拔
Min Nan	Xiamen	搝, 擢
	Quanzhou	搝, 擢
	Zhangzhou	搝, 擢
	Taipei	搝
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	搝
	Kaohsiung	搝
	Yilan	搝
	Changhua (Lukang)	搝
	Taichung	搝
	Tainan	搝, 擢
	Hsinchu	搝
	Kinmen	搝
	Penghu (Magong)	搝
	Penang (Hokkien)	搝, 擢
	Singapore (Hokkien)	搝
	Manila (Hokkien)	拔
	Chaozhou	𠡒
Wu	Suzhou	拉
	Ningbo	拉, 𠡒
	Wenzhou	拉, 𢱋, 𠡒
Xiang	Changsha	扯, 悶
Xiang	Shuangfeng	扯