Wiktionary

拔

See also: 抜 and 拨
拔 U+62D4, 拔
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-62D4
← 拓
[U+62D3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 拕 →
[U+62D5]
拔 U+2F8B6, 拔
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8B6
← 抱
[U+2F8B5] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 捐 →
[U+2F8B7]

TranslingualEdit

Traditional 拔
Simplified 拔
Japanese 抜
Korean 拔

Alternative formsEdit

Han characterEdit

拔 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手戈大水 (QIKE) or 手戈大大 (QIKK), four-corner 53047, composition ⿰扌犮(GHTJK))

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 426, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11959
  • Dae Jaweon: page 774, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1850, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+62D4

ChineseEdit

trad. 拔
simp. # 拔

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (犮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
軷 *boːds, *boːd
韍 *bruds, *pud
祓 *pods, *pʰud
蛂 *blɯːd
拔 *bruːd, *boːd, *bod
菝 *bruːd, *boːd
袚 *poːd
茇 *poːd
盋 *poːd
帗 *poːd, *pud
跋 *boːd
魃 *boːd
䣮 *boːd
馛 *boːd
炦 *boːd
颰 *boːd, *pod
妭 *boːd
犮 *boːd
胈 *boːd
鈸 *boːd
苃 *boːd
坺 *boːd, *bod
髮 *pod
冹 *pod, *pud
瞂 *bod
紱 *pud
黻 *pud
翇 *pud

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bruːd, *boːd, *bod): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 犮 (OC *boːd) – a hand pulls.

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • pu̍ih/poe̍h/pe̍h/pōe - vernacular;
  • poa̍h/phoa̍h - vernacular (“to draw water”);
  • poa̍t - literary.
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: boih8 / buah8 / buag8 / buêg8
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: po̍ih / pua̍h / pua̍k / pue̍k
    • Sinological IPA (key): /poiʔ⁴/, /puaʔ⁴/, /puak̚⁴/, /puek̚⁴/
Note:
  • boih8 - vernacular;
  • buah8 - vernacular (“to draw water”);
  • buag8/buêg8 - literary (buêg8 - Chaozhou).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 拔
    Mandarin Beijing /pa³⁵/
    Harbin /pa²⁴/
    /pa⁵³/ ～勁
    Tianjin /pɑ⁴⁵/
    Jinan /pa⁴²/
    Qingdao /pa⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /pa⁴²/
    Xi'an /pa²⁴/
    Xining /pa²⁴/
    Yinchuan /pa¹³/
    Lanzhou /pa⁵³/
    Ürümqi /pa⁵¹/
    Wuhan /pa²¹³/
    Chengdu /pʰa³¹/
    Guiyang /pa²¹/
    Kunming /pa̠³¹/
    Nanjing /pɑʔ⁵/
    Hefei /pɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /paʔ⁵⁴/
    Pingyao /pʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /pa³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /baʔ¹/
    Suzhou /baʔ³/
    Hangzhou /bɑʔ²/
    Wenzhou /bo²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /pʰa²²/
    Tunxi /pʰuːə¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /pʰa²⁴/
    Xiangtan /pʰɒ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /pʰaʔ²/
    Hakka Meixian /pʰat̚⁵/
    Taoyuan /pʰɑt̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /pɐt̚²/
    Nanning /pat̚²²/
    Hong Kong /pɐt̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /pat̚⁵/
    /puiʔ⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /pɛiʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /pa²⁴/
    /pai⁵⁴/
    /pi⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /puak̚⁵/
    /poiʔ⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔbuak̚⁵/
    /ʔbe³³/
    Rime
    Character 拔 拔 拔
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    Initial (聲) 並 (3) 並 (3) 並 (3)
    Final (韻) 月 (68) 末 (64) 黠 (71)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed Closed Open
    Division (等) III I II
    Fanqie 房越切 蒲撥切 蒲八切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/bʉɐt̚/ /buɑt̚/ /bˠat̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/bʷiɐt̚/ /bʷɑt̚/ /bᵚat̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/biuɐt̚/ /buɑt̚/ /bɐt̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/buat̚/ /bwat̚/ /baɨt̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/biuɐt̚/ /buɑt̚/ /bat̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/bĭwɐt̚/ /buɑt̚/ /bat̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/bʱi̯wɐt̚/ /bʱuɑt̚/ /bʱăt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fá bó bá
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		faat6 but6 baat6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 拔 拔
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		bá bèi
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ bɛt › ‹ bajH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*bˁ<r>ot/ /*bˁot-s/
    English uproot thinned out (forest)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 拔 拔 拔
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    No. 130 145 155
    Phonetic
    component         		犮 犮 犮
    Rime
    group         		月 月 月
    Rime
    subdivision         		2 3 3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		拔 跋 伐
    Old
    Chinese         		/*bruːd/ /*boːd/ /*bod/

    DefinitionsEdit

    拔

    1. to pull up, pull off
    2. to pull out, select
    3. to promote
    4. (Min Bei, Min Dong) to pull, tug

    SynonymsEdit

    Dialectal synonyms of 拉 (“to pull; to tug”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 拉, 挽
    Mandarin Beijing 抻, 扽
    Taiwan 拉
    Jinan 抻, 拉
    Xi'an 拉, 抻, 扯
    Wuhan 拉, 扯, 𠡒
    Chengdu 扯, 拉
    Guilin 扯
    Yangzhou 拽, 扽, 拉
    Hefei 拉, 拽
    Singapore 拉
    Cantonese Guangzhou 拉, 掹
    Hong Kong 拉, 掹
    Yangjiang 掹, 拉
    Singapore (Guangfu) 拉
    Gan Nanchang 扯, 𠡒
    Hakka Meixian 挷
    Jin Taiyuan 扯
    Min Bei Jian'ou 拔, 揄
    Min Dong Fuzhou 拔
    Min Nan Xiamen 搝, 擢
    Quanzhou 搝, 擢
    Zhangzhou 搝, 擢
    Taipei 搝
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 搝
    Kaohsiung 搝
    Yilan 搝
    Changhua (Lukang) 搝
    Taichung 搝
    Tainan 搝, 擢
    Hsinchu 搝
    Kinmen 搝
    Penghu (Magong) 搝
    Penang (Hokkien) 搝, 擢
    Singapore (Hokkien) 搝
    Manila (Hokkien) 拔
    Chaozhou 𠡒
    Wu Suzhou 拉
    Ningbo 拉, 𠡒
    Wenzhou 拉, 𢱋, 𠡒
    Xiang Changsha 扯, 悶
    Shuangfeng 扯

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 拔

    JapaneseEdit

    Shinjitai

    		抜

    Kyūjitai

    		拔

    KanjiEdit

    拔

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 抜)

    1. extract, pull out, pilfer

    ReadingsEdit

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    拔 • (bal, pae) (hangeul 발, 패, revised bal, pae, McCune–Reischauer pal, p'ae, Yale pal, phay)

    1. to pull; pick; pluck

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    拔: Hán Việt readings: bạt[1][2][3][4][5], bội[4][5]
    拔: Nôm readings: bạt[1][2], gạt[1][2][6], bặt[2], vạt[2]

    1. chữ Hán form of bạt (“pull, extract”).
    2. Nôm form of gạt (“brush off”).

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Trần (2004).
    3. ^ Trần (1999).
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Nguyễn (1974).
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Thiều Chửu (1942).
    6. ^ Hồ (1976).
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