Wiktionary

伐

See also: 代
伐 U+4F10, 伐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F10
← 伏
[U+4F0F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 休 →
[U+4F11]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order (Taiwan)
 

Han character edit

伐 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人戈 (OI), four-corner 23250, composition ⿰亻戈)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 96, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 439
  • Dae Jaweon: page 203, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 120, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+4F10

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
 伐
alternative forms 𪜁 ancient

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 伐
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Oracle bone script
 

j19039

 

j19040

 

j19041

 

j19042

 

j19043

 

j19044

 

j19045

 

j19046

 

j19047

 

j19048

 

j19049

 

j19050

 

j19051

 

j19052

 

j19053

 

j19054

 

j19055

 

j19056

 

j19057

 

j19058

 

j19059

 

j19060

 

j19061

 

j19062

 

j19063

 

j19064

 

j19065

 

j19066

 

j19067

 

j19068

 

j19069

 

j19070

 

j19071

 

j19072

 

j19073

 

j19074

 

j19075

 

j19076

 

j19077

 

j19078

 

j19079

 

j19080

 

j19081

 

j19082

 

j19083

 

j19084

 

j19085

 

j19086

 

j19087

 

j19088

 

j19089

 

j19090

 

j19091

 

j19092

 

j19093

 

j19094

 

j19095

 

j19096

 

j19097

 

j19098

 

j19099

 

j19100

 

j19101

 

j19102

 

j19103

 

j19104

 

j19105

 

j19106

 

j19107

 

j19108

 

j19109

 

j19110

 

j19111

 

j19112

 

j19113

 

j19114

 

j19115

 

j19116

 

j19117

 

j19118

 

j19119

 

j19120

 

j19121

 

j19122

 

j19123

 

j19124

 

j19125

 

j19126

 

j19127

 

j19128

 

j19129

 

j19130

 

j19131

 

j19132

 

j19133

 

j19134

 

j19135

 

j19136

 

j19137

 

j19138

 

j19139

 

j19140

 

j19141

 

j19142

 

j19143

 

j19144

 

j19145

 

j19146

 

j19147

 

j19148

 

j19149

 

j19150

 

j19151

 

j19152

 

j19153

 

j19154

 

j19155

 

j19156

 

j19157

 

j19158

 

j19159

 

j19160

 

j19161

 

j19162

 

j19163

 

j19164

 

j19165

 

j19166

 

j19167

 

j19168

 

j19169

 

j19170

 

j19171

 

j19172

 

j19173

 

j19174

 

j19175

 

j19176

 

j19177

 

j19178

 

j19179

 

j19180

 

j19181

 

j19182

 

j19183

 

j19184

 

j19185

 

j19186

 

j19187

 

j19188

 

j19189

 

j19190

 

j19191

 

j19192

 

j19193

 

j19194

 

j19195

 

j19196

 

j19197

 

j19198

Bronze inscriptions
 

b12384

 

b12385

 

b12386

 

b12387

 

b12388

 

b12389

 

b12390

 

b12391

 

b12392

 

b12393

 

b12394

 

b12395

 

b12396

 

b12397

 

b12398

 

b12399

 

b12400

 

b12401

 

b12402

 

b12403

 

b12404

 

b12405

 

b12406

 

b12407

 

b12408

 

b12409

Small seal script
 

s05881

Transcribed ancient scripts
 

L37798

 

L37799

 

L37800

 

L37801

 

L37802

 

L26531

 

L26532

 

L26533

 

L26534

 

L26535

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (伐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
茷 *paːds, *bads, *bad
筏 *paːd, *bad
伐 *bad
閥 *bad
垡 *bad
栰 *bad

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • huăk - literary;
  • puăk - vernacular (“to stride; step”).
Note:
  • hoa̍h - vernacular (“to step forward; step; classifier for footsteps”);
  • hoa̍t - literary.
Note:
  • huag8 - Shantou;
  • huêg8 - Chaozhou.
Note: 0va - yes/no question particle.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 伐
Mandarin Beijing /fa³⁵/
Harbin /fa²⁴/
Tianjin /fɑ⁴⁵/
Jinan /fa⁴²/
Qingdao /fa⁴²/
Zhengzhou /fa⁴²/
Xi'an /fa²⁴/
Xining /fa²⁴/
Yinchuan /fa¹³/
Lanzhou /fa⁵³/
Ürümqi /fa⁵¹/
Wuhan /fa²¹³/
Chengdu /fa³¹/
Guiyang /fa²¹/
Kunming /fa̠³¹/
Nanjing /fɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /fɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /faʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /faʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /vaʔ¹/
Suzhou /vaʔ³/
Hangzhou /vɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /ɦo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /fa²²/
Tunxi /fuːə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /fa²⁴/
Xiangtan /ɸɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /faʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /fat̚⁵/
Taoyuan /fɑt̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐt̚²/
Nanning /fat̚²²/
Hong Kong /fɐt̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /huat̚⁵/
/huaʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pʰuaʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xua²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /huak̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fak̚⁵/
Rime
Character 伐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 月 (68)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 房越切
Baxter bjot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bʉɐt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bʷiɐt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/biuɐt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/buat̚/
Li
Rong 		/biuɐt̚/
Wang
Li 		/bĭwɐt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯wɐt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		faat6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 伐
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fá
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjot ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-pat/
English cut; strike; attack

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 伐
Reading # 1/1
No. 2859
Phonetic
component 		伐
Rime
group 		月
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		伐
Old
Chinese 		/*bad/

Definitions edit

伐

  1. to kill; to slaughter; to behead
  2. to hack; to fell; to cut down; to hew
  3. to knock; to strike; to hit
  4. to send troops to suppress; to attack
  5. to remove; to eliminate; to take away
  6. to damage; to harm; to endanger
  7. to defeat; to thwart
  8. to criticize; to blame
  9. (Chinese astronomy) the name of three stars in the Three Stars mansion: 42 Orionis, θ2 Orionis and ι Orionis
  10. ridge soil
  11. Alternative form of 閥／阀 (fá, “merit; achievement”)
  12. to brag about (oneself); to flaunt
  13. Alternative form of 瞂 (fá, “shield”)
  14. Alternative form of 罰／罚 (fá, “to punish”)
  15. (Min) to stride; to take a stride; to step forward; to step over
  16. (Min) step; footstep; stride
  17. (Min) Classifier for footsteps: step
  18. (Wu) Alternative form of 𠲎 (0va, “final interrogative particle on a yes/no question”)
  19. (Wu) Alternative form of 勿 (“not”)
  20. a surname

Usage notes edit

In transcriptions of Buddhist terms, 伐 (MC bjot) is often used to transcribe व (va).

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 伐 – see 𠲎 (“final interrogative particle on a yes/no question.”).
(This character is a variant form of 𠲎).

Etymology 3 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 伐 – see 筏 (“raft”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 筏).
Notes:

Etymology 4 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 伐 – see 閥 (“contribution; family status; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified and variant form of 閥).
Notes:

Etymology 5 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 伐 – see 垡.
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 垡).
Notes:

Etymology 6 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 伐 – see 勿 (“do not; don't; not; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 勿).

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

伐

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. to attack, to strike, to cut

Readings edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

伐 (eumhun 칠 벌 (chil beol))

  1. Hanja form? of 벌 (“to attack, to strike, to cut”).

Compounds edit

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

伐: Hán Nôm readings: phạt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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