See also: 鷰
|
Translingual
editStroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
edit燕 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿中心火 (TLPF), four-corner 44331, composition ⿳廿⿴北口灬)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 683, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19429
- Dae Jaweon: page 1095, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2239, character 6
- Unihan data for U+71D5
Chinese
edittrad. | 燕 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 燕 | |
2nd round simp. | 𱍥 | |
alternative forms | 鷰/燕 觾 |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 燕 | ||
---|---|---|
Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (象形) – a swallow.
Etymology 1
editPossibly related to 鳦 (OC *qriːd, *qrid) (Wang, 1982). Some have connected it with 咽 (OC *qiːns, “to swallow”), but it is unlikely to be related (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): ien3 / ien4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ie3
- Northern Min (KCR): i̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): iéng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5i
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): ienn4
- (Hengyang, Wiktionary): ien4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
- Wade–Giles: yen4
- Yale: yàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
- Palladius: янь (janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jin3 / jin3-2
- Yale: yin / yín
- Cantonese Pinyin: jin3 / jin3-2
- Guangdong Romanization: yin3 / yin3-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːn³³/, /jiːn³³⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- jin3 - “swallow”;
- jin3-2 - “shuttlecock”.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yen4 / yen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jen²¹/, /jen³³/
Note:
- yen4 - “swallow”;
- yen1 - “shuttlecock”.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ien3 / ien4
- Sinological IPA (key): /iɛn²¹³/, /iɛn³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
- Hakka Romanization System: ien
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- Sinological IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ie3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ie⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: i̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: iéng
- Sinological IPA (key): /iɛŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- ìⁿ - vernacular;
- iàn - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: in3 / iang3 / iêng3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ìⁿ / iàng / ièng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ĩ²¹³/, /iaŋ²¹³/, /ieŋ²¹³/
Note:
- in3 - vernacular;
- iang3/iêng3 - literary (iêng3 - Chaozhou).
- Middle Chinese: 'enH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤe[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qeːns/
Definitions
edit燕
- swallow (family Hirundinidae) or swift (family Apodidae)
- (dialectal) shuttlecock used in jianzi
- Alternative form: 毽
Usage notes
editTo distinguish the two families of birds, swifts are also called 雨燕 (yǔyàn).
Synonyms
editCompounds
edit- 五雀六燕
- 伯勞飛燕/伯劳飞燕
- 兔絲燕麥/兔丝燕麦
- 勞燕分飛/劳燕分飞 (láoyànfēnfēi)
- 土燕
- 堂間處燕/堂间处燕
- 夜燕
- 官燕
- 家燕 (jiāyàn)
- 幕上燕巢
- 幕燕鼎魚/幕燕鼎鱼
- 平山冷燕
- 怡堂燕雀
- 新婚燕爾/新婚燕尔
- 歌鶯舞燕/歌莺舞燕
- 毛燕
- 池魚堂燕/池鱼堂燕
- 海燕 (hǎiyàn)
- 溫鰲妝燕/温鳌妆燕
- 燕丸
- 燕侶/燕侣
- 燕侶鶯儔/燕侣莺俦
- 燕儔鶯侶/燕俦莺侣
- 燕入他家
- 燕几
- 燕出
- 燕剪
- 燕勞/燕劳
- 燕啄皇孫/燕啄皇孙
- 燕喜
- 燕坐
- 燕女
- 燕好
- 燕妒鶯慚/燕妒莺惭
- 燕婉
- 燕子 (yànzi)
- 燕子樓/燕子楼
- 燕子磯/燕子矶
- 燕子箋/燕子笺
- 燕子銜食/燕子衔食
- 燕安
- 燕安鴆毒/燕安鸩毒
- 燕尾 (yànwěi)
- 燕尾服 (yànwěifú)
- 燕居
- 燕巢 (yàncháo)
- 燕巢幕上
- 燕巢於幕/燕巢于幕
- 燕朋
- 燕服
- 燕樂/燕乐 (yànyuè)
- 燕樂考源/燕乐考源
- 燕毛
- 燕燕
- 燕燕于飛
- 燕爾/燕尔
- 燕爾新婚/燕尔新婚
- 燕瘦環肥/燕瘦环肥
- 燕皮 (yànpí)
- 燕禮/燕礼
- 燕私
- 燕窩/燕窝 (yànwō)
- 燕約鶯期/燕约莺期
- 燕翼
- 燕翼詒謀/燕翼诒谋
- 燕舞鶯啼/燕舞莺啼
- 燕菜 (yàncài)
- 燕衎
- 燕語/燕语
- 燕語鶯呼/燕语莺呼
- 燕語鶯啼/燕语莺啼
- 燕語鶯聲/燕语莺声
- 燕賀/燕贺
- 燕足繫書/燕足系书
- 燕足繫詩/燕足系诗
- 燕遊/燕游
- 燕鑒/燕鉴
- 燕雀 (yànquè)
- 燕雀伍
- 燕雀相賀/燕雀相贺
- 燕雀處堂/燕雀处堂
- 燕雀處屋/燕雀处屋
- 燕雁代飛/燕雁代飞
- 燕頷虎頸/燕颔虎颈
- 燕頷虎頭/燕颔虎头
- 燕頷虎鬚/燕颔虎须 (yànhànhǔxū)
- 燕飲/燕饮
- 燕鴴/燕鸻
- 燕鷗/燕鸥
- 燕麥/燕麦 (yànmài)
- 燕麥片/燕麦片 (yànmàipiàn)
- 玉燕投懷/玉燕投怀
- 環肥燕瘦/环肥燕瘦
- 白腰雨燕
- 石燕
- 紫燕
- 舊燕歸巢/旧燕归巢
- 舞燕歌鶯/舞燕歌莺
- 虎頭燕頷/虎头燕颔
- 蠶頭燕尾/蚕头燕尾
- 貽燕/贻燕
- 踏燕奔馬/踏燕奔马
- 踹燕 (chuàiyàn)
- 身輕如燕/身轻如燕 (shēnqīngrúyàn)
- 酺燕
- 金絲燕/金丝燕
- 釜魚幕燕/釜鱼幕燕
- 閒燕/闲燕
- 雛燕/雏燕
- 雙飛燕/双飞燕
- 雨燕 (yǔyàn)
- 飛燕/飞燕 (fēiyàn)
- 飛燕外傳/飞燕外传
- 飛燕游龍/飞燕游龙
- 鵜燕/鹈燕 (tíyàn)
- 鶯儔燕侶/莺俦燕侣
- 鶯啼燕語/莺啼燕语
- 鶯歌燕舞/莺歌燕舞 (yīnggēyànwǔ)
- 鶯燕/莺燕
- 鶯聲燕語/莺声燕语
- 鶯鶯燕燕/莺莺燕燕
- 鷹抓燕雀/鹰抓燕雀
Descendants
editEtymology 2
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jin1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yen / yan
- Eastern Min (BUC): iĕng
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Yan
- Wade–Giles: Yen1
- Yale: Yān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Ian
- Palladius: Янь (Janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jin1
- Yale: yīn
- Cantonese Pinyin: jin1
- Guangdong Romanization: yin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yen
- Hakka Romanization System: ien
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- Sinological IPA: /i̯en⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yan
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ian
- Hagfa Pinyim: yan4
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an⁵⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: iĕng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ieŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- iang1 - Shantou;
- iêng3 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: 'en
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*qeːn/
Definitions
edit燕
- (historical) Yan, an ancient march, duchy, and kingdom of northeastern China during the Zhou dynasty
- (historical) the four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms
- northern Hebei
- a surname
Compounds
editDescendants
editEtymology 3
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
- Wade–Giles: yen4
- Yale: yàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
- Palladius: янь (janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jin3
- Yale: yin
- Cantonese Pinyin: jin3
- Guangdong Romanization: yin3
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: 'enH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤe[n]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qeːns/
Definitions
edit燕
Japanese
editKanji
edit燕
Readings
edit- Go-on: えん (en)
- Kan-on: えん (en)
- Kun: つばめ (tsubame, 燕)、さかもり (sakamori, 燕)、くつろぐ (kutsurogu, 燕ぐ)、つばくら (tsubakura, 燕)、つばくろ (tsubakuro, 燕)、つばくらめ (tsubakurame, 燕)
- Nanori: やすし (yasushi)
Etymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
燕 |
つばくらめ Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
edit- (Tokyo) つばくらめ [tsùbákúꜜràmè] (Nakadaka – [3])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) つばくらめ [tsùbákúráꜜmè] (Nakadaka – [4])[1]
- IPA(key): [t͡sɨba̠kɯ̟ɾa̠me̞]
Noun
edit燕 • (tsubakurame)
- a swallow (bird)
- c. 890: Taketori Monogatari (page 11)
- 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 7, page 29:
- 是我邦所謂豆波久良米也
- This is what is called a swallow in my country
Etymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
燕 |
つばめ Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
editNoun
editUsage notes
editAs with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ツバメ.
Derived terms
edit- 雨燕 (amatsubame)
Etymology 3
editKanji in this term |
---|
燕 |
つばめ Jinmeiyō |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
edit- (Tōkyō) つばめ [tsúꜜbàmè] (Atamadaka – [1])
- (Tsubame) つばめ [tsùbáꜜmè] (Nakadaka – [2])
- IPA(key): [t͡sɨba̠me̞]
Proper noun
editReferences
edit- Horiuchi, Hideaki with Ken Akiyama (1997) Taketori Monogatari, Ise Monogatari, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
- Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
- “燕”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
editHanja
edit燕 (eum 연 (yeon))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit燕: Hán Nôm readings: yến, én, yên, nhạn, hiên
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han pictograms
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 燕
- Chinese dialectal terms
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Old Chinese proper nouns
- Chinese terms with historical senses
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese surnames
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- zh:Swallows
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading えん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading えん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つばめ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading さかもり
- Japanese kanji with kun reading くつろ・ぐ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つばくら
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つばくろ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つばくらめ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading やすし
- Japanese terms spelled with 燕 read as つばくらめ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 燕
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese terms with quotations
- Japanese terms spelled with 燕 read as つばめ
- Japanese proper nouns
- ja:Cities in Niigata Prefecture
- ja:Cities in Japan
- ja:Places in Niigata Prefecture
- ja:Places in Japan
- ja:Swallows
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters