荒
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See also: 㐬
Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
荒 (radical 140 艸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜女山 (TYVU), four-corner 44211, composition ⿱艹巟)
Derived charactersEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1031, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30953
- Dae Jaweon: page 1490, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3209, character 2
- Unihan data for U+8352
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
荒 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 荒
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|---|---|
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script |
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 忙 | *maːŋ |
| 芒 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 茫 | *maːŋ |
| 恾 | *maːŋ |
| 吂 | *maːŋ, *maːŋs |
| 汒 | *maːŋ, *maŋs |
| 朚 | *maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs |
| 邙 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 杗 | *maːŋ, *maŋ |
| 荒 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs |
| 肓 | *hmaːŋ |
| 衁 | *hmaːŋ |
| 巟 | *hmaːŋ |
| 詤 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ |
| 慌 | *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ |
| 謊 | *hmaːŋʔ |
| 喪 | *smaːŋs, *smaːŋ |
| 亡 | *maŋ |
| 望 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 莣 | *maŋ |
| 朢 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 鋩 | *maŋ |
| 硭 | *maŋ |
| 忘 | *maŋ, *maŋs |
| 网 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 罔 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 蛧 | *maŋʔ |
| 網 | *mlaŋʔ |
| 輞 | *maŋʔ |
| 棢 | *maŋʔ |
| 惘 | *maŋʔ |
| 菵 | *maŋʔ |
| 誷 | *maŋʔ |
| 魍 | *maŋʔ |
| 妄 | *maŋs |
| 盲 | *mraːŋ |
| 蝱 | *mraːŋ |
| 虻 | *mraːŋ |
| 氓 | *mraːŋ |
| 甿 | *mraːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs): semantic 艹 (“grass, plant”) + phonetic 巟 (OC *hmaːŋ) – lack of plants. Note: The middle part could be found as 亾 instead of 亡.
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄤ
- Wade-Giles: huang1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huang
- IPA (key): /xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: fong1
- Yale: fōng
- Cantonese Pinyin: fong1
- Guangdong Romanization: fong1
- IPA (key): /fɔːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fông
- Hakka Romanization System: fong´
- Hagfa Pinyim: fong1
- IPA: /foŋ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
Note:
- hong - literary;
- hng/huiⁿ - vernacular.
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 荒 | 荒 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 曉 (32) | 曉 (32) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (102) | 唐 (102) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
| Division (等) | I | I |
| Fanqie | 呼光切 | 呼浪切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/hwɑŋ/ | /hwɑŋH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/hʷɑŋ/ | /hʷɑŋH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/xuɑŋ/ | /xuɑŋH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/hwaŋ/ | /hwaŋH/ |
| Li Rong |
/xuɑŋ/ | /xuɑŋH/ |
| Wang Li |
/xuɑŋ/ | /xuɑŋH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/xwɑŋ/ | /xwɑŋH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
huāng | huàng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 荒 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
huāng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ xwang › |
| Old Chinese |
/*m̥ˤaŋ/ |
| English | wasteland; uncultivated land |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 荒 | 荒 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 12649 | 12659 |
| Phonetic component |
亡 | 亡 |
| Rime group |
陽 | 陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
荒 | 荒 |
| Old Chinese |
/*hmaːŋ/ | /*hmaːŋs/ |
DefinitionsEdit
荒
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 荒
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JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
荒
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: こう (kō, Jōyō)
- Kan’on: こう (kō, Jōyō)
- Kun: あれる (areru, 荒れる, Jōyō); あらい (arai, 荒い, Jōyō); あらす (arasu, 荒らす, Jōyō); あばら (abara, 荒); あばら (abara, 荒ら); すさむ (susamu, 荒む)
- Nanori: ら (ra)
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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