讀

See also: 读 and 読
讀 U+8B80, 讀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B80
← 譿
[U+8B7F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 讁 →
[U+8B81]
讀 U+F95A, 讀
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F95A
← 陵
[U+F959] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 拏 →
[U+F95B]

TranslingualEdit

Traditional 讀
Shinjitai 読
Simplified 读

Han characterEdit

讀 (radical 149, 言+15, 22 strokes, cangjie input 卜口土田金 (YRGWC), four-corner 04686, composition ⿰言賣(GHTV) or ⿰言𧶠(KJ))

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1185, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36088
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1649, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4029, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8B80

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 讀
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (𧶠) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
竇 *l'oːɡs
續 *ljoɡs, *ljoɡ
覿 *l'juːɡ
黷 *l'oːɡ
讟 *l'oːɡ
殰 *l'oːɡ
讀 *l'oːɡ
櫝 *l'oːɡ
牘 *l'oːɡ
儥 *l'oːɡ
贕 *l'oːɡ
皾 *l'oːɡ
瓄 *l'oːɡ
瀆 *l'oːɡ
豄 *l'oːɡ
韇 *l'oːɡ
嬻 *l'oːɡ
犢 *l'oːɡ
匵 *l'oːɡ
藚 *ljoɡ
襩 *ɦljoɡ
贖 *ɦljoɡ
𧶠 *luɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'oːɡ): semantic 言 (“to say”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ).

Etymology 1Edit

trad. 讀
simp. 读

“To say aloud, to tell” (Shijing) > “to recite” > “to read”.

Cognate with Tibetan ཀློག (klog, “to read; to recite”). Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-lok (“to recite; to give notice”) for this, and also includes Burmese လျှောက် (hlyauk, “to tell; to ask; to petition; word-for-word translation; indiscriminately”) and Mizo thlûk (“accent, tone, intonation”). Related to 讟 (OC *l'oːɡ, “resentment, slander < to grumble; complaint”).

STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-g-(l/r)əwk (“to read”), relating it to 牘 (OC *l'oːɡ, “tablet”).

Sagart (1999) argues that “read” cannot be the primary meaning, since existence of the concept “to read” before the invention of writing is questionable. There is likely no writing at the time of the split between Chinese and other Sino-Tibetan languages, therefore the Tibetan word may represent a borrowing from Chinese.

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • tha̍k - vernacular;
  • tho̍k - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 讀
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 定 (7)
    Final (韻) 屋 (3)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 徒谷切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/duk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/duk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/duk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/dəwk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/duk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/duk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/dʱuk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		dú
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		duk6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 讀
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		dú
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ duwk ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.lˁok/
    English read (v.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 讀
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 16039
    Phonetic
    component         		𧶠
    Rime
    group         		屋
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		獨
    Old
    Chinese         		/*l'oːɡ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    讀

    1. † to say aloud; to tell
    2. to read (silently); to peruse
      Synonym: 看 (kàn)
      讀書 / 读书  ―  dúshū  ―  to read; reading
      閱讀 / 阅读  ―  yuèdú  ―  to read
      這篇文章值得一讀。 [MSC, trad.]
      这篇文章值得一读。 [MSC, simp.]
      Zhè piān wénzhāng zhíde yī dú. [Pinyin]
      This article is worth reading.
    3. to read aloud; to read out
      朗讀 / 朗读  ―  lǎngdú  ―  to read aloud
      有邊讀邊，沒邊讀中間 [MSC, trad.]
      有边读边，没边读中间 [MSC, simp.]
      yǒu biān dú biān, méi biān dú zhōngjiān [Pinyin]
      read the side if any; read the middle part if there is no side
      二讀 / 二读  ―  èrdú  ―  second reading (of a bill)
    4. to study
      讀大學 / 读大学  ―  dú dàxué  ―  to study at a university
      讀會計 / 读会计 [Cantonese]  ―  duk6 wui6 gai3 [Jyutping]  ―  to study accounting
    5. to pronounce (a character, a word, etc.)
      Synonym: 唸／念
      這個字怎麼讀？ / 这个字怎么读？  ―  Zhège zì zěnme dú?  ―  How do you pronounce this character?
    6. pronunciation
      讀音 / 读音  ―  dúyīn  ―  pronunciation (of characters)
      異讀 / 异读  ―  yìdú  ―  variant pronunciation
      文讀 / 文读  ―  wéndú  ―  literary reading

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 讀

    DescendantsEdit

    • → Zhuang: doeg

    Etymology 2Edit

    trad. 讀
    simp. 读
    alternative forms 逗

    A late attested reading. Starostin thinks it is from the *-s pronunciation of Etymology 1.

    PronunciationEdit

    Note:
    • tāu - vernacular;
    • tō͘ - literary.

    DefinitionsEdit

    讀

    1. short pause in reading, part of a sentence, clause
      句讀 / 句读  ―  jùdòu  ―  periods and commas, sentences and clauses

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 讀

    Further readingEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    Shinjitai

    		読

    Kyūjitai

    		讀

    KanjiEdit

    讀

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 読)

    1. to read
    2. (とう) phrase, clause, part of a sentence, e.g. 読点 (lit. "clause mark", i.e. comma)

    ReadingsEdit

    KoreanEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    From Middle Chinese 讀 (MC duk̚).

    Historical readings

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    讀 (eumhun 읽을 독 (ilgeul dok))

    1. Hanja form? of 독 (“to read”).

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    Etymology 2Edit

    From Middle Chinese 讀 (MC dəwH).

    Historical readings

    PronunciationEdit

    HanjaEdit

    讀 (eumhun 구절 두 (gujeol du))

    1. Hanja form? of 두 (“short pause in reading, part of a sentence, clause”).

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    ReferencesEdit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    讀: Hán Nôm readings: độc, đọc, đậu, đặt

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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