京都
Chinese
editcapital; Beijing (abbrev.) | metropolis; capital city; all metropolis; capital city; all; both (if two things are involved); entirely; even; already | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (京都) |
京 | 都 |
Etymology 1
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄉㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jingdu
- Wade–Giles: ching1-tu1
- Yale: jīng-dū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jingdu
- Palladius: цзинду (czindu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ging1 dou1
- Yale: gīng dōu
- Cantonese Pinyin: ging1 dou1
- Guangdong Romanization: ging1 dou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɪŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
Note:
- kiaⁿ-to͘ - vernacular;
- keng-to͘ - literary.
- Middle Chinese: kjaeng tu
Noun
edit京都
Usage notes
editWhen translating the English term capital city, use 首都 (shǒudū) when referring to the capital of a country, 首府 (shǒufǔ) when referring to the capital of a state or autonomous region, and 省會/省会 (shěnghuì) when referring to the capital of a province. Alternative terms for the capital of a country include 國都/国都 (guódū), 京城 (jīngchéng), 京都 (jīngdū), 京邑 (jīngyì) and 都城 (dūchéng) all of which are more commonly used in literary language.
Synonyms
edit- 上國/上国 (shàngguó) (literary)
- 京城 (jīngchéng) (literary)
- 京師/京师 (jīngshī) (literary)
- 京華/京华 (jīnghuá) (literary)
- 京邑 (jīngyì) (literary)
- 國家/国家 (guójiā) (Classical Chinese)
- 國都/国都 (guódū)
- 帝都 (dìdū) (imperial capital)
- 王京 (wángjīng) (literary, royal capital)
- 王都 (wángdū) (formal, royal capital)
- 皇州 (huángzhōu) (literary, imperial capital)
- 神州 (shénzhōu) (literary)
- 都城 (dūchéng)
- 都邑 (dūyì) (literary)
- 都門/都门 (dūmén) (literary)
- 鎬京/镐京 (hàojīng) (literary)
- 長安/长安 (cháng'ān) (literary, figurative)
- 首都 (shǒudū)
Derived terms
editDescendants
editSee also
editEtymology 2
editOrthographic borrowing from Japanese 京都 (Kyōto).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ ㄉㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Jingdu
- Wade–Giles: Ching1-tu1
- Yale: Jīng-dū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jingdu
- Palladius: Цзинду (Czindu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ging1 dou1
- Yale: gīng dōu
- Cantonese Pinyin: ging1 dou1
- Guangdong Romanization: ging1 dou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɪŋ⁵⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kiaⁿ-to͘
- Tâi-lô: Kiann-too
- Phofsit Daibuun: kvia'dof
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiã⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
Proper noun
edit京都
Japanese
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
京 | 都 |
きょう Grade: 2 |
と Grade: 3 |
goon | kan'on |
Alternative spelling |
---|
京都 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
edit/kjauto/ → /kjɔːto/ → /kjoːto/
From Middle Chinese 京都 (kˠiæŋ tuo, literally “capital city”).
Pronunciation
editProper noun
edit- a placename, especially:
- Short for 京都府 (Kyōto-fu): Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture (a prefecture of Japan)
- Short for 京都市 (Kyōto-shi): Kyoto (the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)
- a surname
- a female given name
Derived terms
editDerived terms
Descendants
edit- → English: Kyoto
- → Korean: 교토 (Gyoto)
- → Portuguese: Kyoto
- → Russian: Кио́то m (Kióto)
- → Vietnamese: Kinh Đô
See also
editReferences
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “きょうと[キャウト] 【京都】 ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
Okinawan
editKanji in this term | |
---|---|
京 | 都 |
Grade: 2 | Grade: 3 |
Alternative spelling |
---|
京都 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
editPronunciation
editProper noun
edit京都 (Chōtu)
- Kyoto (a prefecture of Japan)
- Kyoto (the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture, Japan)
References
edit- Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo (国立国語研究所) (1963) 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawa-go Jiten) [Dictionary of the Okinawan Language] (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京): Okurashō Insatsu Kyoku (財務省印刷局)
Vietnamese
editchữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
京 | 都 |
Proper noun
edit京都
Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 京
- Chinese terms spelled with 都
- Chinese literary terms
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- zh:Kyoto
- zh:Cities in Kyoto Prefecture
- zh:Cities in Japan
- zh:Places in Kyoto Prefecture
- zh:Places in Japan
- zh:Kyoto Prefecture
- zh:Prefectures of Japan
- Japanese terms spelled with 京 read as きょう
- Japanese terms spelled with 都 read as と
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with audio links
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese short forms
- ja:Kyoto Prefecture
- ja:Prefectures of Japan
- ja:Places in Japan
- ja:Kyoto
- ja:Cities in Kyoto Prefecture
- ja:Cities in Japan
- ja:Prefectural capitals of Japan
- ja:Places in Kyoto Prefecture
- Japanese surnames
- Japanese given names
- Japanese female given names
- Okinawan terms spelled with 京
- Okinawan terms spelled with 都
- Okinawan terms borrowed from Japanese
- Okinawan terms derived from Japanese
- Okinawan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan proper nouns
- Okinawan terms with multiple readings
- Okinawan terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Okinawan terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Okinawan terms with 2 kanji
- ryu:Kyoto Prefecture
- ryu:Prefectures of Japan
- ryu:Places in Japan
- ryu:Kyoto
- ryu:Cities in Kyoto Prefecture
- ryu:Cities in Japan
- ryu:Prefectural capitals of Japan
- ryu:Places in Kyoto Prefecture
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese proper nouns
- Vietnamese proper nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
- vi:Prefectures of Japan
- vi:Places in Japan
- vi:Cities in Kyoto Prefecture
- vi:Cities in Japan
- vi:Prefectural capitals of Japan
- vi:Places in Kyoto Prefecture