Wiktionary

獻

See also: 献
獻 U+737B, 獻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-737B
← 獺
[U+737A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 獼 →
[U+737C]

Translingual

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Japanese 献
Simplified 献
Traditional 獻

Han character

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獻 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+16, 20 strokes, cangjie input 卜月戈大 (YBIK), four-corner 23234, composition ⿰鬳犬)

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 721, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20783
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1133, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1376, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+737B

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 獻
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (鬳) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
獻 *sŋaːl, *hŋans, *ŋrad
甗 *ŋan, *ŋranʔ, *ŋrans
巘 *ŋranʔ, *ŋanʔ
讞 *ŋranʔ, *ŋrans, *ŋrad
鬳 *ŋans
瓛 *ɦŋʷaːn
囐 *sɡaːd
齾 *ŋaːd, *ŋraːd
钀 *ŋrad, *ŋad

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sŋaːl, *hŋans, *ŋrad): phonetic 鬳 (OC *ŋans) + semantic 犬 (“dog”).

Etymology 1

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trad. 獻
simp. 献
alternative forms 𤡎

Same word as 憲 (OC *hŋans) (Schuessler, 2007), its basic meaning being seemingly "elevate > to be elavated".

Inside the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family, it's related to 甗 (OC *ŋan, *ŋranʔ, *ŋrans, “a cooking vessel consisting of a steamer 'elevated' on a three-legged boiler”). Furthermore, it's possibly cognate to Tibetan སྔར་མ (sngar ma, “sharp-witted, quick-witted, intelligent”) (ibid., Gong, 2000).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • hiang3 - Shantou;
  • hiêng3 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 獻
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 元 (65)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 許建切
Baxter xjonH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/hɨɐnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/hiɐnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xiɐnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hɨanH/
Li
Rong 		/xiɐnH/
Wang
Li 		/xĭɐnH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/xɨ̯ɐnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hin3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 獻
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xiàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ xjonH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ŋ̊ar-s/
English offer, present

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 獻 獻
Reading # 2/3 3/3
No. 14459 14467
Phonetic
component 		鬳 鬳
Rime
group 		元 月
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		獻 孼
Old
Chinese 		/*hŋans/ /*ŋrad/
Definitions
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獻

  1. to offer; to present; to donate
  2. to show; to display; to reveal; to expose
  3. (Hokkien) to open out
  4. (Hokkien) stench
  5. (archaic) virtuous person
  6. a surname
  7. (neologism, slang) to commit a mass murder
    Synonym: 獻忠 / 献忠 (xiànzhōng)
Compounds
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Descendants
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Sino-Xenic (獻):
  • → Vietnamese: hiến (獻)

Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character 獻
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 歌 (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 素何切
Baxter sa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/sɑ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/sɑ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/sa/
Li
Rong 		/sɑ/
Wang
Li 		/sɑ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/sɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		suō
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		so1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 獻
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xiàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sa ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s-ŋˁar/
English to filter wine

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 獻
Reading # 1/3
No. 14451
Phonetic
component 		鬳
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		娑
Old
Chinese 		/*sŋaːl/
Definitions
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獻

  1. (historical) a method of filtering wine
  2. (historical) sacrificial wine vessel
Compounds
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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 獻 – see 挕 (“(Hokkien) to throw”).
(This character is a variant form of 挕).

Etymology 3

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trad. 獻
simp. 献
alternative forms 羶

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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獻

  1. (Southern Min) rank odor

Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

献

Kyūjitai

獻

Kanji

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獻

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 献)

  1. to revere, to contribute, to present

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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獻 • (heon, sa) (hangeul 헌, 사, revised heon, sa, McCune–Reischauer hŏn, sa, Yale hen, sa)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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獻: Hán Việt readings: hiến, ta
獻: Nôm readings: hiến

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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