垃圾
Contents
ChineseEdit
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (垃圾) |
垃 | 圾 | |
| variant forms | |||
EtymologyEdit
From earlier 擸𢶍 (“to jumble; jumble; litter”). Reduplication derived from a root (*lap or *sap) meaning "untidy, unclean".
Second syllable of the Mainland Mandarin reading lājī is irregular, resulting from the incorrect association of the rare character in its obsolete form 靸 (sǎ) with the usual pronunciation of its phonetic component (及 (jí)).
Cognate with 邋遢 (lāta, “unclean, untidy, unkempt”) (> 邋邋遢遢, 邋裡邋遢／邋里邋遢).
Pronunciation 1Edit
NounEdit
垃圾
- garbage; rubbish; trash; waste; refuse; junk
- rubbish (a valueless thing)
- junk messages; spam; unsolicited messages
SynonymsEdit
| Dialectal synonyms of 垃圾 (“garbage”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 垃圾 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 垃圾、髒土 |
| Taiwan | 垃圾 | |
| Jinan | 髒器、垃圾 | |
| Xi'an | 惡圾、髒發 | |
| Wuhan | 渣滓 | |
| Chengdu | 渣滓、渣渣 | |
| Yangzhou | 灰 | |
| Hefei | 髒、糞草 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 垃圾 |
| Hong Kong | 垃圾 | |
| Taishan | 垃圾 | |
| Yangjiang | 垃圾 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 罯屑 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 垃圾 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 垃圾、地圾 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 垃圾、地圾 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 垃圾 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 垃圾 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 垃圾 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 垃圾 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 惡圾 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 垃圾 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 糞掃 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 糞掃、霎洗 |
| Quanzhou | 糞掃、霎洗、垃圾 | |
| Zhangzhou | 糞掃、垃圾 | |
| Taipei | 垃圾仔、垃儳仔、糞掃 | |
| Kaohsiung | 垃圾仔、糞掃 | |
| Tainan | 垃圾仔、糞掃 | |
| Taichung | 糞掃 | |
| Hsinchu | 糞掃 | |
| Lukang | 垃圾仔、糞掃 | |
| Sanxia | 糞掃 | |
| Yilan | 垃圾仔、糞掃 | |
| Kinmen | 糞掃、垃圾 | |
| Magong | 糞掃 | |
| Penang | 垃圾、sampah | |
| Philippines (Manila) | 糞掃 | |
| Chaozhou | 杜糞、垃圾 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 垃圾 |
| Wenzhou | 糞掃、垃圾 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 屑子 |
| Shuangfeng | 屑子 | |
Derived termsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
垃圾
- (colloquial) very bad; rubbish
Pronunciation 2Edit
AdjectiveEdit
垃圾
SynonymsEdit
| Dialectal synonyms of 髒 (“dirty”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | 污、穢、污穢 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 骯髒、污穢 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 髒、腌臢、骯髒 |
| Taiwan | 髒、骯髒 | |
| Jinan | 髒、窩囊、腌臢 | |
| Xi'an | 髒 | |
| Wuhan | 拉瓜、賴 | |
| Chengdu | 髒、齷齪 | |
| Yangzhou | 髒、邋遢 | |
| Hefei | 髒、膿糟、拾弄 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 污糟、邋遢、揦鮓 |
| Hong Kong | 污糟、邋遢、揦鮓 | |
| Taishan | 邋遢、揦鮓 | |
| Yangjiang | 失引、污糟、揦鮓 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 腌臢 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 漚紐、穢 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 屙糟、垃圾 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 屙糟、垃圾 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 屙糟、垃圾 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 屙糟、垃圾 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 屙糟、垃圾 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 屙糟、垃圾 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 日髒、腌臢 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 懶露、濫𡞟、五鹵、垃渣、齷齪 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 流瘍、流死瘍、垃圾、驚人、垃儳 |
| Quanzhou | 腌臢、兇、驚人 | |
| Zhangzhou | 腌臢、垃圾、淤漬、驚人 | |
| Taipei | 垃圾、垃儳、癩哥爛癆、驚人 | |
| Kaohsiung | 垃圾、垃儳、腌臢、癩哥、驚人 | |
| Tainan | 垃圾、垃儳、腌臢、癩哥、癩哥爛癆、驚人 | |
| Taichung | 垃圾 | |
| Hsinchu | 垃圾、腌臢、癩哥 | |
| Lukang | 垃圾、癩哥爛癆、驚人 | |
| Sanxia | 垃圾、腌臢、癩哥、驚人 | |
| Yilan | 垃圾、垃儳、腌臢、癩哥爛癆、驚人 | |
| Kinmen | 垃圾、腌臢、驚人、垃儳、癩哥 | |
| Magong | 垃圾、腌臢、驚人、垃儳、癩哥 | |
| Penang | 垃儳 | |
| Philippines (Manila) | 腌臢 | |
| Chaozhou | 垃圾、垃圾相、腌臢 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 齷齪、邋遢 |
| Wenzhou | 鏖糟、髒 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 邋遢、邋糊 |