老師

Contents

ChineseEdit

		old; aged; venerable old; aged; venerable; outdated; experienced; (affectionate prefix)	a division (milit.); teacher; master a division (milit.); teacher; master; expert; model
trad. (老師)		老	師
simp. (老师)		老	师

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lǎoshī

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˇ ㄕ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁵ si¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ló-sṳ̂
• Min Dong (BUC): lō̤-sṳ̆
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): lāu-su / lǎu-sir / lāu-sir / ló-su / nó͘-sir

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lao² se¹ / lao² su¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): lau sr (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: lǎoshī
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˇ ㄕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laoshy
    • IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: lou⁵ si¹
    • Yale: lóuh sī
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁵ si¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: lou⁵ xi¹
    • IPA ^(key): /lou̯¹³ siː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ló-sṳ̂
    • Hakka Romanization System: lo` sii´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lo³ si¹
    • IPA: /lo³¹ sɨ²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lō̤-sṳ̆
    • IPA ^(key): /l̃o³³⁻²¹ ^(s-)ly⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Taipei, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāu-su
    • Tâi-lô: lāu-su
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lauxsw
    • IPA (Taipei): /laʊ³³⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /laʊ³³⁻²¹ su⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lǎu-sir
    • Tâi-lô: lǎu-sir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /laʊ²² sɯ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Sanxia)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lāu-sir
    • Tâi-lô: lāu-sir
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, dated in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ló-su
    • Tâi-lô: ló-su
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loysw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lo⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nó͘-sir
    • Tâi-lô: nóo-sir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nɔ̃⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lao² se¹ / lao² su¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: láu sṳ / láu su
    • IPA ^(key): /lau⁵²⁻³⁵ sɯ³³/, /lau⁵²⁻³⁵ su³³/

Note: lao2 se1 - Chaozhou.

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: lau sr (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /lɔ²² sz̩⁴⁴/

NounEdit

老師

1. teacher (Classifier: 個／个; 位; 名)

   我的老師給我很大壓力。 [MSC, trad.]

   我的老师给我很大压力。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ de lǎoshī gěi wǒ hěn dà yālì. [Pinyin]

   My teacher puts me under a lot of pressure.

2. a polite term of address for an adult

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 老師 (“teacher”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		師
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		教師
Mandarin	Beijing	老師
	Taiwan	老師
	Jinan	老師、先生
	Xi'an	老師、先生
	Wuhan	老師、教師
	Chengdu	老師、先生
	Yangzhou	教師、先生、老師
	Hefei	教師、老師、先生
Cantonese	Guangzhou	老師、先生
	Hong Kong	老師、先生、阿Sir male、搣匙 female
	Taishan	老師、先生
	Yangjiang	老師、先生
Gan	Nanchang	老師、先生
Hakka	Meixian	老師、先生
Jin	Taiyuan	老師、先生
Min Bei	Jian'ou	老師、先生
Min Dong	Fuzhou	先生、老師
Min Nan	Xiamen	先生、老師
	Quanzhou	先生、老師
	Zhangzhou	先生、老師、教學仔、教冊仔
	Taipei	先生、老師
	Kaohsiung	先生、老師
	Tainan	先生、老師
	Taichung	先生、老師
	Hsinchu	先生
	Lukang	先生、老師
	Sanxia	先生、老師
	Yilan	先生、老師
	Kinmen	先生
	Magong	先生
	Penang	先生、老師
Wu	Shanghai	老師、教師、教書先生
	Suzhou	教師、教書先生
	Wenzhou	教師、教書先生、先生
Xiang	Changsha	老師、教書先生
	Shuangfeng	老師、教書先生

Derived termsEdit

• 代課老師／代课老师 (dàikè lǎoshī)

• 還給老師／还给老师 (huángěi lǎoshī)

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (老師):

• Japanese: 老師 (ろうし) (rōshi)
• Korean: 노사 (老師, nosa)
• Vietnamese: lão sư (老師)

Others:

• → Bouyei: laojsiy
• → Zhuang: lauxsae

ReferencesEdit

• “Entry #2712”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
• Duffus, William, "teach" (p. 266) in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, English Presbyterian Mission Press, 1883.

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JapaneseEdit

Kanji in this term
老	師
ろう Grade: 4	し Grade: 5
on'yomi

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese compound 老師 (lawX srij, literally “old teacher, old master”). Compare modern Mandarin traditional 老師 and simplified 老师 (lǎoshī).

PronunciationEdit

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) ろ​うし [róꜜòshì] (Atamadaka - [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ɾo̞ːɕi]

NounEdit

老師 (hiragana ろうし, rōmaji rōshi, historical hiragana らうし)

1. an elderly monk; a sage; an elderly teacher or master
2. (from the way that 師 (shi) can also mean “a military group”) the exhaustion of military troops from fighting a protracted war

ReferencesEdit

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KoreanEdit

Hanja in this term
老	師

NounEdit

老師 • (nosa) (hangeul 노사)

1. Hanja form^? of 노사, “an elderly monk; a sage; an elderly teacher or master”.