See also: and 齿
U+9F52, 齒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F52

[U+9F51]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9F53]
U+2FD2, ⿒
KANGXI RADICAL TOOTH

[U+2FD1]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FD3]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 
Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified 齿

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 211, +0, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜一山人人 (YMUOO), four-corner 21772, composition 𠚕)

  1. Kangxi radical #211, .
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №38

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1532, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48583
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2070, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4788, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F52

Chinese

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trad.
simp. 齿
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Pictogram (象形) – a mouth full of teeth. (zhī) or (zhǐ) was later added on top as a phonetic component.

Etymology

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Unclear. Not related to Tibetan མཆེ་བ (mche ba, fang, tusk), which is cognate with 𱌺 (diān, eyetooth), but may be the same word as Proto-Min *kʰiᴮ (tooth). Another possibility is a derivation from an Austroasiatic etymon; Schuessler, 2007 (p.188) suggests a possible relationship to Khmer ខ្នាយ (khnaay, tusk, spur), as Austroasiatic medial /n/ is often deleted in loans.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • kī - vernacular;
  • chī - literary.
Note:
  • khí - vernacular;
  • chhí - literary.
Note:
  • ki2 - vernacular;
  • cin2 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Xi'an /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/
Hefei /t͡sʰʐ̩²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Pingyao /sz̩⁵³/ 平~磨
/t͡sz̩⁵³/ ~輪兒
Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sz̩³⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
Taoyuan /tʃʰï³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Nanning /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰi³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰi⁵³/
/kʰi⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kʰi³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰi²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /kʰi⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xi²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (24)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyhiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰɨX/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰɨX/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰɨX/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiəX/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ci2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chǐ
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhiX ›
Old
Chinese
/*t-[k]ʰə(ŋ)ʔ/ (or *t.ŋ̊əʔ)
English front teeth

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17302
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʰjɯʔ/

Definitions

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  1. (anatomy) tooth
    齿  ―  chǐ  ―  tooth
  2. (figurative) tooth- or zigzag-like thing, such as a sawtooth, cogwheel, or fern
  3. (figurative) age (of a person or animal)
  4. to juxtapose; to put side by side
  5. to utter; to mention
  6. to employ; to take in
  7. (dialectal) to touch; to be in contact with
  8. (Xiang) pay attention, to be concerned with
    [Xiang, trad.]
    齿 [Xiang, simp.]
    nyi3 mo6 chr3 ta1 ziou5 shr5 di [Wiktionary]
    It would be better to not pay attention to him.
    [Xiang, trad.]
    齿 [Xiang, simp.]
    ngo3 zai2 lan3 chr3 de [Wiktionary]
    I'd rather not concern myself.

Synonyms

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Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. tooth

Readings

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  • Go-on: (shi)
  • Kan-on: (shi)
  • Kun: (ha, )

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC tsyhiX). Recorded as Middle Korean 치〯 (chǐ) (Yale: chi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (i chi))

  1. hanja form? of (tooth)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: xỉ ((xương)(chỉ)(thiết))[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: xỉ[1][2][4], xỉa[1][3][5], xẻ[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of xỉ (teeth).

References

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