See also: and 齿
U+9F52, 齒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F52

[U+9F51]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9F53]
U+2FD2, ⿒
KANGXI RADICAL TOOTH

[U+2FD1]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2FD3]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 
Traditional
Shinjitai
Simplified 齿

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 211, +0, 15 strokes, cangjie input 卜一山人人 (YMUOO), four-corner 21772, composition 𠚕)

  1. Kangxi radical #211, .
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №38

Derived characters edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1532, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48583
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2070, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4788, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9F52

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. 齿
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Pictogram (象形) – a mouth full of teeth. (zhī) or (zhǐ) was later added on top as a phonetic component.

Etymology edit

Unclear. Not related to Tibetan མཆེ་བ (mche ba, fang, tusk), which is cognate with 𱌺 (diān, eyetooth), but may be the same word as Proto-Min *kʰiᴮ (tooth). Another possibility is a derivation from an Austroasiatic etymon; Schuessler, 2007 (p.188) suggests a possible relationship to Khmer ខ្នាយ (khnaay, tusk, spur), as Austroasiatic medial /n/ is often deleted in loans.

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • kī - vernacular;
  • chī - literary.
  • Min Nan
  • Note:
    • khí - vernacular;
    • chhí - literary.
    Note:
    • ki2 - vernacular;
    • cin2 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
    Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/
    Tianjin /t͡sʰz̩¹³/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
    Xi'an /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
    Xining /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
    Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
    Chengdu /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Guiyang /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
    Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/
    Hefei /t͡sʰʐ̩²⁴/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Pingyao /sz̩⁵³/ 平~磨
    /t͡sz̩⁵³/ ~輪兒
    Hohhot /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Wu Shanghai /t͡sz̩³⁵/
    Suzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/
    Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
    Wenzhou /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
    Tunxi /t͡ɕʰi³¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
    Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩³¹/
    Taoyuan /tʃʰï³¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰi³⁵/
    Nanning /t͡sʰi³⁵/
    Hong Kong /t͡sʰi³⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰi⁵³/
    /kʰi⁵³/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰi³²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰi²¹/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰi⁵³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /xi²¹³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (24)
    Final () (19)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter tsyhiX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /t͡ɕʰɨX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /t͡ɕʰɨX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /t͡ɕʰieX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /cʰɨX/
    Li
    Rong
    /t͡ɕʰiəX/
    Wang
    Li
    /t͡ɕʰĭəX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /t͡ɕʰiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    chǐ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ci2
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    chǐ
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ tsyhiX ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*t-[k]ʰə(ŋ)ʔ/ (or *t.ŋ̊əʔ)
    English front teeth

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 17302
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kʰjɯʔ/

    Definitions edit

    1. (anatomy) tooth
      齿  ―  chǐ  ―  tooth
    2. (figurative) tooth- or zigzag-like thing, such as a sawtooth, cogwheel, or fern
    3. (figurative) age (of a person or animal)
    4. to juxtapose; to put side by side
    5. to utter; to mention
    6. to employ; to take in
    7. (dialectal) to touch; to be in contact with
    8. (Xiang) pay attention, to be concerned with
      [Xiang, trad.]
      齿 [Xiang, simp.]
      nyi3 mo6 chr3 ta1 ziou5 shr5 di [Wiktionary]
      It would be better to not pay attention to him.
      齿 [Xiang]  ―  ngo3 zai2 lan3 chr3 de [Wiktionary]  ―  I'd rather not concern myself.

    Synonyms edit

    Compounds edit

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Shinjitai

    Kyūjitai

    Kanji edit

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

    1. tooth

    Readings edit

    • Go-on: (shi)
    • Kan-on: (shi)
    • Kun: (ha, )

    Korean edit

    Etymology edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC tsyhiX). Recorded as Middle Korean 치〯 (chǐ) (Yale: chi) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun (i chi))

    1. Hanja form? of (tooth).

    Compounds edit

    References edit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Việt readings: xỉ ((xương)(chỉ)(thiết))[1][2][3]
    : Nôm readings: xỉ[1][2][4], xỉa[1][3][5], xẻ[3]

    1. chữ Hán form of xỉ (teeth).

    References edit