Albanian edit

Etymology edit

Related to unë (I) and maybe further to ne (we).

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Gheg form of -em, the mediopassive first-person singular indicative present ending.
    bëhembâhna (to become, turn into)
    zbehemzbehna (to turn pale)
  2. Gheg form of -mi, the active first-person plural indicative present ending.
    (ne) kena shumë punë për me bo.
    we have much work to do

Aymara edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. possessive marker

Curripaco edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. third person plural patient marker

References edit

  • Swintha Danielsen, Tania Granadillo, Agreement in two Arawak languages, in The Typology of Semantic Alignment (edited by Mark Donohue, Søren Wichmann) (2008, →ISBN), page 398

Czech edit

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na f (noun-forming suffix)

  1. from nouns forms nouns referring to places
    prodej + ‎-na → ‎prodejna

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • -na in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Estonian edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Forms the essive case.

Usage notes edit

  • The suffix is appended to the genitive stem or an appropriate plural stem.

Finnish edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Finnic *-na, from the Proto-Uralic locative case ending *-na.

Suffix edit

-na (front vowel harmony variant -nä, linguistic notation -nA)

  1. Forms the essive case.
    eräänä kauniina aamunaon a beautiful morning
    Ennen pidit minua kauniina.
    You used to think I was beautiful.
Usage notes edit
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Finnic *-na, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *-na.

Suffix edit

-na (front vowel harmony variant -nä, linguistic notation -nA)

  1. Forms action nouns from certain verbs, mainly related to sound, whose first infinitive ends in -sta.
    kutista (to itch) + ‎-na → ‎kutina (itching)
  2. Forms some diminutive nouns.
Alternative forms edit
  • -ina (reanalyzed into its own suffix)
Derived terms edit

Anagrams edit

Garo edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Suffix edit

-na

  1. (inflectional suffix) forms the dative case
  2. reason
    Maina na·a rel gariko sraprikjaha?
    For what reason did you not catch the train?

See also edit

  • -ni (forms genitive)
  • -ko (forms accusative)
  • -chi (forms instrumental)
  • -no (forms locative)

Hadza edit

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. a locative suffix
    hama (3rd person masculine singular proximal pronoun)hamana (here)
    bee (3rd person feminine plural given pronoun)beena (there)
    himiggê (3rd person masculine singular invisible pronoun)himiggêna (in/behind there)

Hawaiian edit

Etymology edit

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Per the -na entry at Wehewehe, there's also a passive suffix -na, as well as some kind of possessive suffix -na, both from Proto-Polynesian *-na.”

From Proto-Polynesian *-ŋa.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Common nominalizing suffix, sometimes with shortening of a long vowel in the base.
    ʻaiʻaina
    piʻipiʻina

Derived terms edit

Hungarian edit

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. (conditional suffix) Forms the third-person singular present tense of verbs (conditional mood, indefinite conjugation).
    olvas (to read) + ‎-na → ‎olvasna (he/she would read)

Usage notes edit

  • (conditional suffix) Variants:
    -na is added to most back vowel verbs
    vár (to wait) + ‎-na → ‎várna (he/she would wait)
    -ne is added to most front vowel verbs
    kér (to ask) + ‎-ne → ‎kérne (he/she would ask)
    -ana is added to back vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t (exceptions: áll, száll, varr, forr, lát)
    mond (to say something) + ‎-ana → ‎mondana (he/she would say something)
    tanít (to teach) + ‎-ana → ‎tanítana (he/she would teach)
    -ene is added to front vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t
    fest (to paint) + ‎-ene → ‎festene (he/she would paint)
    segít (to help) + ‎-ene → ‎segítene (he/she would help)

See also edit

Ilocano edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni-a, from Proto-Austronesian *ni-a.

Pronunciation edit

Pronoun edit

-na

  1. Third-person singular ergative enclitic pronoun; he, she, it
    Kayatna ti mangan.He/she/it wants to eat.
  2. Third-person singular possessive marker; his, her, its
    Naimas ti makanna.His/her/its food is delicious.
  3. Fossilized enclitic of some adverbials or auxiliary verbs
    Rebbengna nga addaka ditoy.You should be here.
    Kasla nga awan inggana ti utangna.His/her debt seems to be endless.
  4. Referential pronoun used in existential or relative clauses; the (adjective) (ones), those who, the ones who
    Tulongantayo dagiti awan balayna.Let's help the homeless. (Let's help those who do not have homes.)
    Naupay uray dagiti napigsa ti pakinakemna.Even the strong-willed (ones) became disheartened.

See also edit

Ingrian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *-na. Cognates include Finnish -na.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na (front vowel variant -nä)

  1. Used to form action nouns from certain verbs related to sounds: -ing
  2. Used to form nouns that resembles a smaller version of the suffixed noun: -y

Declension edit

Declension of -na (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative -na -nat
genitive -nan -nniin
partitive -nnaa -nnia
illative -nnaa -nnii
inessive -nas -nis
elative -nast -nist
allative -nalle -nille
adessive -nal -nil
ablative -nalt -nilt
translative -naks -niks
essive -nanna, -nnaan -ninna, -nniin
exessive1) -nant -nint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms edit

Irish edit

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Alternative form of -ne (used after velarized consonants and back vowels)

Further reading edit

Kambera edit

Pronoun edit

-na

  1. third person singular genitive enclitic

See also edit

Laboya edit

Pronoun edit

-na

  1. third person singular subject enclitic
  2. third person singular possessive enclitic

See also edit

Laz edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Latin spelling of -ნა (-na)

Madurese edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nia, from Proto-Austronesian *nia. Compare Indonesian -nya, which also has similar function.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. the (definite article)
  2. his, her, its (third-person possessive)
  3. 's (genitive case)

Usage notes edit

  • When suffixed to consonant-final words, it is then assimilated to that consonant.
  • When suffixed to word ending in unvoiced stops (p, t, k), the assimilated consonants either become aspirated (bbh, ddh, ggh) or being retained by some speakers (pp, tt, k). As a rule, -a following voiced consonants become .

Further reading edit

  • Davies, W. D. (2010) A Grammar of Madurese[1], Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton

Makasar edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *nia, from Proto-Austronesian *nia.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na (possessive suffix, Lontara spelling )

  1. his, her, its, their (third person singular and plural)

See also edit

Maltese edit

Etymology edit

From Arabic ـنَا (-nā).

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na m or f

  1. 1st-person plural pronominal suffix: our; us
    Synonym: tagħna
    jinsa (he forgets) + ‎-na → ‎jinsiena (he forgets us)
    dar (home) + ‎-na → ‎darna (our home)

Related terms edit

Maori edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Used in contractions with particles of possession of third person pronouns.
  2. a passive ending

Derived terms edit

See also edit

Murui Huitoto edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Cognates include Minica Huitoto -na and Nüpode Huitoto -na.

Classifier edit

-na

  1. Classifier for trees.
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Alternative form of -a

Etymology 3 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix edit

-na

  1. hypothetical conditional of -de

References edit

  • Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.[2], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), pages 197, 134

Old Norse edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Germanic *-inōną.

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Used to form inchoative verbs from adjectives
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Germanic *-anǫ̂ and *-ōnǫ̂, genitive plural endings of weak neuter and feminine nouns.

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Used to form the genitive plural of some weak feminine and neuter nouns
    hjartahjartna
    sagasagna

Etymology 3 edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. inflection of -inn (adjective suffix):
    1. positive degree strong feminine accusative singular
    2. positive degree strong masculine accusative plural
    3. positive degree weak masculine oblique singular
    4. positive degree weak feminine nominative singular
    5. positive degree weak neuter singular
  2. inflection of -inn (participle suffix):
    1. strong feminine accusative singular
    2. strong masculine accusative plural
    3. weak masculine oblique singular
    4. weak feminine nominative singular
    5. weak neuter singular
  3. inflection of -inn (definite article suffix):
    1. feminine accusative singular
    2. masculine accusative plural

Old Polish edit

Etymology edit

Derived from Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /naː/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /nɒ/

Suffix edit

-na f

  1. forms feminine adjective-like nouns

Derived terms edit

Polish edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish -na, from Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /na/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Syllabification: na
  • Homophone: na

Suffix edit

-na f

  1. forms feminine adjective-like nouns -ess
    Synonym: -ka
    arcyksiążę + ‎-na → ‎arcyksiężna
  2. forms feminine adjective-like nouns meaning "wife of"
    Synonym: -owa
    arcyksiążę + ‎-na → ‎arcyksiężna

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

Quechua edit

Not to be confused with -ña

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Nominalizer, future perfect participle.
    llamk'ay (to work)llamk'ana (tool, work to be done)
    mikhuy (to eat)mikhuna (food, meal)

See also edit

Scots edit

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. -n't
    didna ("did not")
    canna ("can not")
    daurna ("dare not")
    michtna ("might not")

Swedish edit

Etymology 1 edit

From the plural of Old Norse hinn (demonstrative pronoun), suffixed to the end of the noun stem. Usually corresponds to Danish, Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk -ne.

Alternative forms edit

  • -a (used for fourth-declension nouns)
  • -en (used for fifth-declension nouns not ending in -are)
  • -ne (archaic, masculine)

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Marker of definiteness on nouns in the plural (except for nouns of the fourth and some of the fifth declension).
    stolar (chairs) + ‎-na → ‎stolarna (the chairs)
    lärare (teachers) + ‎-na → ‎lärarna (the teachers)
Usage notes edit
  • In earlier Swedish, the suffix -na was only used for feminine nouns, while -ne was used for masculine nouns, thus "stenarne" (definite of stenar) and "kvinnorna" (definite of kvinnor) were used alongside each other. In attempts to try to produce archaic language, the suffix is sometimes changed to -ne in all positions, producing historically incorrect forms like "kvinnorne".

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse -na, from Proto-Germanic *-naną.

Suffix edit

-na

  1. -en; Used with some adjectives or verbal stems to form inchoative verbs
    trött (tired) + ‎-na → ‎tröttna (to tiren, become tired)
Usage notes edit
Inchoative verb
The suffix -na may be analysed as two morphemes (-n (inchoative verb stem) + -a (infinitive)). Traditionally the a's near the ends of the Swedish first declension verb forms have been regarded as part of the suffixes, but nowadays it is more common to see it described as part of the stems of these verbs, since all endings not beginning with an a are extinct or considered heavily archaic.
Derived terms edit

Anagrams edit

Taos edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. Singular number inflection. (See also: -ną, -nemą, -ne.)

Uneapa edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Oceanic *-ña, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-nia, from Proto-Austronesian *-nia.

Pronunciation edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. A third-person singular possessive suffix.

Further reading edit

  • Terry Crowley et al, The Oceanic Languages (2013), page 365

Volapük edit

Suffix edit

-na

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.