Wiktionary

E

See also: 𰀄, 𰀂, ㅌ, and Appendix:Variations of "e"

E U+0045, E
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E
← D
[U+0044] 		Basic Latin F →
[U+0046]
Ｅ U+FF25, Ｅ
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E
← Ｄ
[U+FF24] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｆ →
[U+FF26]

TranslingualEdit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

EtymologyEdit

From the Etruscan letter 𐌄 (e, “e”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ε (E, “epsilon”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤄 (h, “he”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓀠.

LetterEdit

E (lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See alsoEdit

SymbolEdit

E

  1. (sciences, computing) Symbol separating mantissa from the exponent in scientific notation.
    2E5 = 2 × 105
  2. (computing) Hexadecimal symbol for 14.
  3. (physics) Energy.
    E=mc2
  4. (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for glutamic acid
  5. (mathematics) expectation function
  6. Abbreviation of exa-.
  7. (linguistics) A wildcard for a front vowel
    synonyms: I
  8. (clothing) Bra cup size.

SynonymsEdit

  • (scientific notation): e

GalleryEdit

  • Letter styles
  •  

    Uppercase and lowercase versions of E, in normal and italic type

  •  

    Uppercase and lowercase E in Fraktur

See alsoEdit

Other representations of E:

EnglishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • (phoneme, usually): IPA(key): /ɛ/, /iː/, or silent
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /iː/
  • Rhymes: -iː
  • (Chinese state): IPA(key): /ʌ/
  • Rhymes: -ʌ

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English and Old English upper case letter E and split of Æ, EA, EO, and Œ, from five 7th century replacements of Anglo-Saxon Futhorcs by Latin letters:

  •   Old English letter E, from replacement by Latin letter E of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛖ (e).
  •   Old English letter Æ from replacement by Latin ligature Æ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚫ (æ).
  •   Old English digraph EA, from replacement by Latin digraph EA of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛠ (ea).
  •   Old English digraph EO from replacement by Latin digraph EO of Anglo-Saxon Futhorc ᛇ (eo).
  •   Old English letter Œ from replacement by Latin ligature Œ of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᛟ (œ).

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e, plural Es or E's)

  1. The fifth letter of the English alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.
    • 1945 August 17, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter 3, in Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC:
      On several occasions, indeed, he did learn E, F, G, H, but by the time he knew them, it was always discovered that he had forgotten A, B, C, and D.

NumberEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The ordinal number fifth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Abbreviation.

SymbolEdit

E

  1. (ESRB rating) Abbreviation of everyone.
  2. East.
TranslationsEdit
east — See also translations at east

NounEdit

E (plural Es)

  1. (slang) The drug ecstasy (MDMA), particularly in pill form.
    • 1995, Jarvis Cocker (lyrics), “Sorted For E’s and Wizz”, in Different Class, performed by Pulp:
      And I don't quite understand just what this feeling is / But that's okay cause we're all sorted out for E's and wizz
    • 2002, Hugh Mackay, Winter Close, Sydney: Hodder Headline, →ISBN, page 85:
      You mentioned you were taking stuff. Did you mean ecstasy? / What else? It’s excellent. I’m not an addict or nothing, and I steer clear of crack and that. People say E is for losers but, hey, I’d never be without some eccy in my bag.
  2. (especially in LGBT contexts) The hormone estrogen/estradiol. (Contrast T, testosterone.)
  3. The grade below D in some grading systems. In most such systems, it is a failing grade.
    • 1999, Julian Stallabrass, High Art Lite: British Art in the 1990s, Verso, →ISBN, page 25,
      In line with this, he is marketed not only as a mental innocent, but as a class primitive, someone who only got an E in A-level art […]
    • a2003, Rick, quoted in Linda MacDowell, Redundant Masculinities?: Employment Change and White Working Class Youth, Blackwell Publishing (2003), →ISBN, page 198,
      My results weren’t that great, to be honest. I weren’t right happy with them; I got an E in Maths and that were a surprise, but I did get a B in Technology – that were all right.
    • 2005, S. J. Smith, Joe Public, Virtualbookworm Publishing, →ISBN, page 125,
      Not really, but perhaps I’d have got an ‘E’ in Tech Drawing no matter how much I’d asserted myself. Maybe Mr. Pinkerton would have seen to it that my exam paper was tampered with. A spot of teacher to student revenge.
    • 2005, Craig Taylor, Light, Reverb, →ISBN, page 103,
      But she didn’t get the bit about my accidental artistic career, “But you can’t draw love. You got an E in your exam. I remember that. You drew that onion that looked like a boil.”
  4. Abbreviation of episode. (installment of a series)
    The pilot episode is S01E01.
TranslationsEdit

Proper nounEdit

E

  1. (religion) Abbreviation of Elohist.

Etymology 3Edit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

From Mandarin 鄂 (È).

Alternative formsEdit

Proper nounEdit

E

  1. (history) A state in ancient China of varying location in present-day Shanxi, Henan, and Hubei.
    • 2002, The Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities‎[1], →ISSN, →OCLC, page 229:
      The discovery suggests also that the center of the state of E was located in the Suizao corridor in Hubei, not far from the location of E as suggested by ancient geographical works.
    • 2006, Li Feng, Landscape and Power in Early China‎[2], Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 330-331:
      These three bronzes, though clearly modeled on Zhou types, are quite distinctive from the Zhou tradition. They suggest that, although the state of E served as an ally and agent of the Western Zhou state, it probably had a distinctive cultural origin of its own.
    • 2014, Liu Yang, Cast for Eternity‎[3], Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 15:
      A six-character inscription cast inside the bowl records that this gui was made for a nobleman of the E state. Due to gaps in Chinese historical records, the exact history of the state of E is uncertain. Since the E Shu Gui was salvaged from a pile of scrap copper shipped to the Shanghai Foundry from Hubei province, some scholars have inferred that the gui was excavated from Hubei, therefore proving that the E state during the Western Zhou was located in today's Hubei province.
  2. (history) Its capital, also known as Echeng and Ezhou.
  3. A surname from Chinese.
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

From E ɛ⁵⁵.

Proper nounEdit

E

  1. A Tai-Chinese mixed language spoken primarily in Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Guangxi, China; Kjang E.
See alsoEdit

Etymology 5Edit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Unknown.

Proper nounEdit

E

  1. A river in Highland council area, Scotland.

AfarEdit

LetterEdit

E

  1. The fifth letter of the Afar alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

AfrikaansEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • (letter name): IPA(key): /ɪə/

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

NounEdit

E (plural E's, diminutive E'tjie)

  1. E

AngamiEdit

LetterEdit

E

  1. The ninth letter of the Angami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

AzerbaijaniEdit

LetterEdit

E upper case (lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

BasqueEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Basque alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

Central FranconianEdit

EtymologyEdit

  • /ɛ/ is from Middle High German e (both ë and ẹ) in most closed syllables, in some dialects also in open syllables; in Moselle Franconian from ö in the same positions.
  • /e/ is from i in most closed syllables; in Moselle Franconian from ü in the same positions.
  • /eː/ is from ei in Ripuarian and western Moselle Franconian (latter also öu); from ie in Ripuarian and northern Moselle Franconian (latter also üe); from ē, œ in southern Moselle Franconian; in some Moselle Franconian dialects from e, ö in open syllables.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): (short open) /ɛ/, (short closed) /e/, (long) /eː/, (reduced) /ə/

LetterEdit

E

  1. A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
  2. A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.

Usage notesEdit

  • In the German-based spelling, short open /ɛ/ may also be represented by Ä (see there).
  • In the Dutch-based spelling, short closed /e/, which ranges phonetically between [e] and [ɪ], is represented by I (see there).
Doubling of long E
  • In the German-based spelling, long e is doubled to ee when the German cognate word has ee as well. Long e may or may not be doubled in the following cases:
    • at the end of a word or word stem: hee or he;
    • when it is followed by two or more consonants: Leech or rarely Lech;
    • when the German cognate has two vowel letters: Steen or Sten (German Stein);
    • when the German cognate has a consonant lost or not present in Central Franconian: weed or wed (German wird);
    • when the German cognate has a short vowel: Keet or Ket (German Kette).
  • In the Dutch-based spelling, long e is always doubled in closed syllables and at the end of a word, always written simple in non-final open syllables.

ChineseEdit

Etymology 1Edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Onomatopoeic?”)

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

E

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    E起棚牙 [Cantonese]  ―  ji1 hei2 paang4 ngaa4 [Jyutping]  ―  to show one's teeth

Etymology 2Edit

Pronunciation 1Edit

LetterEdit

E

  1. The fifth letter of the Latin alphabet.

Pronunciation 2Edit

LetterEdit

E

  1. The fifth letter used in Pinyin.
Usage notesEdit
  • The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).

DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (capital, lowercase e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

EsperantoEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

NounEdit

E

  1. Abbreviation of eosto (“east”).

EstonianEdit

 
Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called ee and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

FinnishEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called ee and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

NounEdit

E

  1. Abbreviation of eximia cum laude approbatur.

FrenchEdit

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

E

  1. Abbreviation of est; east

NounEdit

E m

  1. Abbreviation of est; east

LetterEdit

E

  1. The fifth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

GalicianEdit

NounEdit

E

  1. leste (east)

SynonymsEdit

  • (east): L

GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the German alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

HungarianEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • (letter or phoneme itself; identifier): IPA(key): [ˈɛː][1]
  • (musical note): IPA(key): [ˈeː] (in the names of major scales; see also e)

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The ninth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

DeclensionEdit

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative E E-k
accusative E-t E-ket
dative E-nek E-knek
instrumental E-vel E-kkel
causal-final E-ért E-kért
translative E-vé E-kké
terminative E-ig E-kig
essive-formal E-ként E-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive E-ben E-kben
superessive E-n E-ken
adessive E-nél E-knél
illative E-be E-kbe
sublative E-re E-kre
allative E-hez E-khez
elative E-ből E-kből
delative E-ről E-kről
ablative E-től E-ktől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		E-é E-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		E-éi E-kéi
Possessive forms of E
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. E-m E-im
2nd person sing. E-d E-id
3rd person sing. E-je E-i
1st person plural E-nk E-ink
2nd person plural E-tek E-itek
3rd person plural E-jük E-ik

Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Siptár, Péter and Miklós Törkenczy. The Phonology of Hungarian. The Phonology of the World’s Languages. Oxford University Press, 2007. →ISBN, p. 280

IdoEdit

LetterEdit

E (lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

IndonesianEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

ItalianEdit

 
Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Italian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

NounEdit

E m

  1. Abbreviation of est; east

See alsoEdit

LatvianEdit

 
Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

EtymologyEdit

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

PronunciationEdit

(file)
(file)

LetterEdit

 
E

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The seventh letter of the Latvian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Usage notesEdit

The letter E/e (like its long counterpart Ē/ē) represent two sounds, [ɛ] — šaurais e (“narrow e”) — and [æ] — platais e (“broad e”). In principle, [ɛ] is used when there is a palatal element (the vowels i, ī, e, ē, the diphthongs ie, ei, and the palatal consonants j, ķ, ģ, ļ, ņ, š, ž, č, dž, and, in the old spelling, ŗ) either in the same or in the following syllable; otherwise, [æ] is used. Unfortunately, some historical changes have obscured this pattern by removing some previously existing palatal elements; as a result of that, for a number of words the actual pronunciation of the letter e — [ɛ] or [æ] — must be memorized.

See alsoEdit

MalayEdit

 
Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E

  1. The fifth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

LetterEdit

E (lowercase e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Norwegian Bokmål alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

NupeEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

PolishEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The seventh letter of the Polish alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

Further readingEdit

  • E in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • E in Polish dictionaries at PWN

PortugueseEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

RomaniEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. (International Standard) The seventh letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The eighth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

RomanianEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The seventh letter of the Romanian alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Usage notesEdit

At the beginnings of some common words, this letter takes on the sound of /je/ as in este (/ˈje.ste/).

The digraph ea represents the diphthong /e̯a/, as in prea (/pre̯a/).

See alsoEdit

SaanichEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E

  1. The ninth letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

Skolt SamiEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (lower case e)

  1. The tenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

SloveneEdit

 
Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Alternative formsEdit

  • Є (Metelko alphabet)

EtymologyEdit

From Gaj's Latin alphabet E, from Czech alphabet E, from Latin E, from the Etruscan letter 𐌄 (e, “e”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ε (E, “epsilon”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤄 (h, “he”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓀠.

PronunciationEdit

  • (phoneme, Standard Slovene): IPA(key): /éː/, /èː/, /ɛ́/, /ɛ́ː/, /ɛ̀ː/, /ə́/, /ə̀/, /e/, /ɛ/, [ɪ́], [ɪ̀], [é̞], [è̞]
  • (phoneme, Resian): IPA(key): /ɛ/
  • (phoneme, Natisone Valley dialect): IPA(key): /ɛː/, /ɛ/, /ɛ̆/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /èː/, /éː/
  • (letter name, archaic): IPA(key): /ɛ́/
  • Audio (letter name, non-tonal)(file)
  • Rhymes: -eː
  • Homophone: e

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. The eighth letter of the Resian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  3. The sixth letter of the Natisone Valley dialect alphabet, written in the Latin script.

NounEdit

E m inan or n

  1. The name of the Latin script letter E / e.

Usage notesEdit

Nowadays, it is hardly ever neuter gender, so it is considered obsolete.[1]

InflectionEdit

  • Overall more common
Masculine inan., soft o-stem
nom. sing. E
gen. sing. E-ja
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		E E-ja E-ji
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		E-ja E-jev E-jev
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		E-ju E-jema E-jem
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		E E-ja E-je
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		E-ju E-jih E-jih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		E-jem E-jema E-ji
  • More common when with a definite adjective
Masculine inan., no endings
nom. sing. E
gen. sing. E
singular dual plural
nominative E E E
accusative E E E
genitive E E E
dative E E E
locative E E E
instrumental E E E
  • Obsolete
Neuter, no endings
nom. sing. E
gen. sing. E
singular dual plural
nominative E E E
accusative E E E
genitive E E E
dative E E E
locative E E E
instrumental E E E

See alsoEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Toporišič, Jože (2000) Slovenska slovnica / Jože Toporišič. - 4. prenovljena in razširjena izd. (in Slovene), Obzorja, →ISBN

Further readingEdit

  • “E”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

SomaliEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɛ/, /e/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /ʔɛ/

LetterEdit

E upper case (lower case e)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

Usage notesEdit

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by A and followed by I.

See alsoEdit

SpanishEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

NounEdit

E m

  1. Abbreviation of este; east

TurkishEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The sixth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

VietnameseEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The eighth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

WelshEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The seventh letter of the Welsh alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by Dd and followed by F.

MutationEdit

  • E cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word eliffant (“elephant”):
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
eliffant unchanged unchanged heliffant
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See alsoEdit

Further readingEdit

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “E”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

YorubaEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fourth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called é and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

ZuluEdit

LetterEdit

E (upper case, lower case e)

  1. The fifth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

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