ὅδε
See also: οδέ
Ancient GreekEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hó.de/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)o.de/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈo.ðe/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈo.ðe/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈo.ðe/
PronounEdit
ὅδε • (hóde)
- (demonstrative pronoun, proximal) this
- (of place) here
- (with verbs of action) here; (possibly) there, yonder
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.185:
- νηῦς δέ μοι ἥδ’ ἕστηκεν ἐπ’ ἀγροῦ νόσφι πόληος,
ἐν λιμένι Ῥείθρῳ ὑπὸ Νηΐῳ̆ ῡ̔λήεντι.- nēûs dé moi hḗd’ héstēken ep’ agroû nósphi pólēos,
en liméni Rheíthrōi hupò Nēḯōi hūlḗenti. - [Athena disguised, speaking to Telemachus:]
and my ship stands here [or yonder] in the country, away from the city,
in the harbor of Rheithron under woody Neion.
- nēûs dé moi hḗd’ héstēken ep’ agroû nósphi pólēos,
- νηῦς δέ μοι ἥδ’ ἕστηκεν ἐπ’ ἀγροῦ νόσφι πόληος,
- (modifying a personal pronoun)
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 16.205–206:
- ἀλλ’ ὅδ’ ἐγὼ τοιόσδε, παθὼν κακά, πολλὰ δ’ ἀληθείς,
ἤλυθον εἰκοστῷ ἔτεϊ ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν.- all’ hód’ egṑ toiósde, pathṑn kaká, pollà d’ alētheís,
ḗluthon eikostôi éteï es patrída gaîan. - [Odysseus reuniting with Telemachus:]
But I here in this way, after suffering evils and wandering far,
have come in the twentieth year to my home country.
- all’ hód’ egṑ toiósde, pathṑn kaká, pollà d’ alētheís,
- ἀλλ’ ὅδ’ ἐγὼ τοιόσδε, παθὼν κακά, πολλὰ δ’ ἀληθείς,
- (with τίς)
- (adds precision to adverbs of place and time), just, very
- (in Attic dialogue, the masculine and feminine pronouns often refer to the speaker)
- (in Aristotle, neuter designates some particular thing)
- New Testament, Epistle of James 4:13
- (of time, to indicate the immediate present)
- this present
- these
- (elliptic with genitive)
- (to indicate something before one)
- (to indicate something immediately to come) the following
- (followed by a relative pronoun)
- (adverbial)
Usage notesEdit
The word is similar to, but more deictic than οὗτος (hoûtos), i.e. it refers more distinctly to what is present, what can be seen or pointed out.
InflectionEdit
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
Nominative | ὅδε hóde |
ἥδε hḗde |
τόδε tóde |
τώδε tṓde |
τώδε tṓde |
τώδε tṓde |
οἵδε hoíde |
αἵδε haíde |
τᾰ́δε táde | |||||
Genitive | τοῦδε toûde |
τῆσδε têsde |
τοῦδε toûde |
τοῖνδε toînde |
τοῖνδε toînde |
τοῖνδε toînde |
τῶνδε tônde |
τῶνδε tônde |
τῶνδε tônde | |||||
Dative | τῷδε tôide |
τῇδε têide |
τῷδε tôide |
τοῖνδε toînde |
τοῖνδε toînde |
τοῖνδε toînde |
τοῖσδε toîsde |
ταῖσδε taîsde |
τοῖσδε toîsde | |||||
Accusative | τόνδε tónde |
τήνδε tḗnde |
τόδε tóde |
τώδε tṓde |
τώδε tṓde |
τώδε tṓde |
τούσδε toúsde |
τᾱ́σδε tā́sde |
τᾰ́δε táde | |||||
Vocative | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||
Notes: |
|
DescendantsEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “ὅδε”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὅδε”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ὅδε”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ὅδε in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ὅδε in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ὅδε”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G3592 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.