寡

寡 U+5BE1, 寡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BE1 ← 寠 [U+5BE0] CJK Unified Ideographs 寢 → [U+5BE2]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

寡 (radical 40 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十一金竹 (JMCH), four-corner 3022₇, composition ⿳宀頁刀)

Derived charactersEdit

• 𠏶, 𭄖

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 290, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7286
• Dae Jaweon: page 574, character 26
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 947, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5BE1

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		寡
alt. forms		𠆣

Glyph originEdit

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guǎ (gua³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaa²
• Min Nan (POJ): kóa / kóaⁿ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: guǎ
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚˇ
    • Wade-Giles: kua³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goa
    • IPA ^(key): /ku̯a̠²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwaa²
    • Yale: gwá
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwaa²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gua²
    • IPA ^(key): /kʷɑː³⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóa
    • Tâi-lô: kuá
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koar
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kua⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kua⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kua⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kóaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: kuánn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kvoar
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuã⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: /kˠua^X/▼

Rime
Character	寡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	麻 (99)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古瓦切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠuaX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚaX/
Shao Rongfen	/kuaX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaɨX/
Li Rong	/kuaX/
Wang Li	/kwaX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwaX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guǎ

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[C.k]ʷˤraʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷraːʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	寡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guǎ
Middle Chinese	‹ kwæX ›
Old Chinese	/*[C.k]ʷˤraʔ/
English	few
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	寡
Reading #	1/1
No.	4400
Phonetic component	寡
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	寡
Old Chinese	/*kʷraːʔ/

DefinitionsEdit

寡

1. widow
2. alone; friendless
3. (literary) few, minority

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 寡

• 以寡擊眾／以寡击众
• 以寡敵眾／以寡敌众
• 以眾克寡／以众克寡
• 優柔寡斷／优柔寡断 (yōuróuguǎduàn)
• 兵微將寡／兵微将寡 (bīngwēijiàngguǎ)
• 刻薄寡恩
• 吃寡酒
• 吃寡醋
• 喝寡酒
• 單鵠寡鳧／单鹄寡凫
• 多寡 (duōguǎ)
• 多端寡要
• 多賤寡貴／多贱寡贵
• 失道寡助 (shīdàoguǎzhù)
• 女兒寡／女儿寡
• 孤兒寡婦／孤儿寡妇
• 孤家寡人
• 孤寡 (gūguǎ)
• 孤寡不穀／孤寡不谷
• 孤陋寡聞／孤陋寡闻 (gūlòuguǎwén)
• 孤鴻寡鵠／孤鸿寡鹄
• 孤鸞寡鶴／孤鸾寡鹤
• 守寡 (shǒuguǎ)
• 守活寡
• 寡不敵眾／寡不敌众 (guǎ bù dí zhòng)
• 寡二少雙／寡二少双
• 寡人 (guǎrén)
• 寡剌
• 寡占
• 寡合
• 寡君
• 寡夫 (guǎfū)
• 寡女
• 寡妻
• 寡婦／寡妇 (guǎfù)
• 寡宿孤辰
• 寡將／寡将
• 寡小君
• 寡居
• 寡廉鮮恥／寡廉鲜耻
• 寡恩
• 寡恩少義／寡恩少义

• 寡情
• 寡情少義／寡情少义
• 寡拉主兒／寡拉主儿
• 寡斷／寡断
• 寡欲 (guǎyù)
• 寡母
• 寡糖
• 寡聞少見／寡闻少见
• 寡見少聞／寡见少闻
• 寡見鮮聞／寡见鲜闻
• 寡言 (guǎyán)
• 寡謀／寡谋
• 寡過／寡过
• 寡酒
• 寡陋
• 寡頭／寡头 (guǎtóu)
• 寡頭政治／寡头政治 (guǎtóu zhèngzhì)
• 寡鵠／寡鹄
• 寡鵠孤鸞／寡鹄孤鸾
• 寡鶴／寡鹤
• 小國寡民／小国寡民
• 少私寡慾／少私寡欲
• 巴寡婦清／巴寡妇清
• 形孤影寡
• 彼眾我寡／彼众我寡 (bǐzhòngwǒguǎ)
• 恤孤念寡
• 恬淡寡欲
• 惜孤念寡
• 憐孤惜寡／怜孤惜寡
• 抑鬱寡歡／抑郁寡欢
• 振窮恤寡／振穷恤寡
• 撫孤恤寡／抚孤恤寡
• 擔孤受寡／担孤受寡
• 敵眾我寡／敌众我寡
• 文君新寡
• 新寡
• 曲高和寡 (qǔgāohèguǎ)
• 望門寡／望门寡
• 果寡糖
• 柔懦寡斷／柔懦寡断
• 柔茹寡斷／柔茹寡断

• 款啟寡聞／款启寡闻
• 款學寡聞／款学寡闻
• 沉厚寡言
• 沉重寡言
• 沉默寡言 (chénmòguǎyán)
• 活守寡
• 活寡
• 淺見寡聞／浅见寡闻
• 淺見寡識／浅见寡识
• 清心寡慾／清心寡欲
• 清湯寡水／清汤寡水
• 清貧寡欲／清贫寡欲
• 清靜寡欲／清静寡欲
• 澹泊寡欲
• 獨學寡聞／独学寡闻
• 眾寡／众寡
• 眾寡不敵／众寡不敌
• 眾寡勢殊／众寡势殊
• 眾寡懸殊／众寡悬殊
• 眾寡莫敵／众寡莫敌
• 眾寡難敵／众寡难敌
• 矜寡孤獨／矜寡孤独
• 稱孤道寡／称孤道寡
• 糧寡兵微／粮寡兵微
• 罕言寡語／罕言寡语
• 臉黃皮寡／脸黄皮寡
• 菲才寡學／菲才寡学
• 落寞寡歡／落寞寡欢
• 落落寡合
• 落落寡歡／落落寡欢
• 裒多益寡
• 說寡嘴／说寡嘴
• 足謀寡斷／足谋寡断
• 輕言寡信／轻言寡信
• 輕諾寡信／轻诺寡信
• 道寡稱孤／道寡称孤
• 闖寡門／闯寡门
• 鬱鬱寡歡／郁郁寡欢 (yùyùguǎhuān)
• 鰥寡／鳏寡 (guānguǎ)
• 鰥寡孤獨／鳏寡孤独
• 黑寡婦／黑寡妇

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

寡

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: け (ke)
• Kan’on: か (ka, Jōyō)
• Kun: やもめ (yamome, 寡); すくない (sukunai, 寡ない)

CompoundsEdit

• (widow, alone): 寡夫, 寡婦, 鰥寡孤独
• (few, minority): 寡占, 寡頭政治, 寡聞, 寡兵, 寡黙, 衆寡

Etymology 1Edit

NounEdit

Kanji in this term
寡
か Grade: S
on’yomi

寡 (hiragana か, rōmaji ka)

1. minority

   寡 (か)を以 (も)って衆 (しゅう)を制 (せい)する

   ka o motte shū o seisuru

   Majority can be conquered by minority.

Antonyms

• 衆 (しゅう) (shū, “majority”)

Etymology 2Edit

NounEdit

Kanji in this term
寡
やもめ Grade: S
kun’yomi

寡 (hiragana やもめ, rōmaji yamome)

1. widow

Derived termsEdit

• 男寡 (おとこやもめ) (otokoyamome, “widower”)

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

寡 • (gwa) (hangeul 과, revised gwa, McCune-Reischauer kwa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

寡 (quả, goá)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.