See also: ILS and ILs

Franco-Provençal

edit

Etymology

edit

Plural formed from il.

Pronoun

edit

ils m pl (postpositive -ils) (ORB, broad)

  1. they (third-person plural masculine nominative)

See also

edit
Franco-Provençal personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative tonic1 possessive2
singular 1st person jo min
2nd person te tin
3rd person masculine il lo / le lui sin
feminine el la lyé
neuter o y
reflexive
plural 1st person nos noutro
2nd person vos voutro
3rd person masculine ils los / les lor lor
feminine els les lor / lyés
reflexive

1 Disjunctive or object of a preposition.   2 Generally preceded by a definite article.

References

edit
  • ils in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
  • ils in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

French

edit

Etymology

edit

Inherited from Vulgar Latin illī, which sounded il in Old French, to which a plural -s was added. While il was the nominative form from late Latin, els, eus was the oblique form ("them") that had evolved from late Latin illōs, and is the ancestor of modern French eux.

In Old French, "they", being a nominative, was il from late Latin *illi, thus it didn't have the final -s, thus it was il used both for "he" and "they". The -s was added at the end of the 13th century in some regions, at the time the declension system of Old French started to collapse. As a consequence, some oïl languages in France have retained the original Old French il-form, and in some other regions, the ils-form supplanted the older one. Some dialects have even retained both forms depending on the locals.

See cognates in regional languages in France: Angevin, Champenois, Lorrain, and Orléanais is; Bourbonnais-Berrichon ils; Bourguignon âs; Franc-Comtois and Poitevin-Saintongeais és; Gallo i and iz; Norman i and is; Picard is and i; Franco-Provençal ils; Occitan els (Gascon eus); Catalan ells; Corsican elli.

Pronunciation

edit

Pronoun

edit

ils m pl (third-person plural, singular il, accusative les, dative leur, emphatic eux, possessive determiner leur)

  1. they (male or mixed group)
  2. (Quebec, informal) they (female)
edit
French personal pronouns
number person gender nominative
(subject)
accusative
(direct complement)
dative
(indirect complement)
locative
(at)
genitive
(of)
disjunctive
(tonic)
singular first je, j’ me, m’ moi
second tu te, t’ toi
third masculine il le, l’ lui y en lui
feminine elle la, l’ elle
indeterminate on1
reflexive4 se, s’ soi
plural first nous nous nous
second2 vous vous vous
third masculine ils3 les leur y en eux3
feminine elles elles

1 On can also function as a first person plural (although agreeing with third person singular verb forms).
2 Vous is also used as the polite singular form.
3 Ils and eux are also used when a group has a mixture of masculine and feminine members.
4 These forms are also used as third person plural reflexive.

Further reading

edit

Anagrams

edit

Swedish

edit

Noun

edit

ils

  1. indefinite genitive singular of il

Anagrams

edit

Tashelhit

edit

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Berber *iləs, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lis-.

Pronunciation

edit

IPA(key): /ils/

Noun

edit

ils m (plural ilsiwn)

  1. tongue (organ)
  2. language

Derived terms

edit