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los

See also: Appendix:Variations of "los"

Contents

AsturianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin illōs, from ille.

ArticleEdit

los m pl (masculine sg el, feminine sg la, neuter sg lo, feminine plural les)

  1. (definite) the

CatalanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin illōs; cf. els.

PronounEdit

los (enclitic, contracted 'ls, proclitic els)

  1. them (masculine, direct or indirect object)
  2. them (feminine, indirect object only)

DeclensionEdit

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

CzechEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Common Slavic word, from Proto-Slavic *ȏlsь ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁el-.[1][2] Cognate with English elk, German Elch.

NounEdit

los m anim

  1. elk (British), moose (U.S.)

DeclensionEdit

Declension
singular plural
nominative los losi, losové
genitive losa losů
dative losu, losovi losům
accusative losa losy
vocative lose losi, losové
locative losu, losovi losech
instrumental losem losy

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from German Los, which has unclear origins.[3][4]

NounEdit

los m inan

  1. lottery ticket

DeclensionEdit

Declension
singular plural
nominative los losy
genitive losu losů
dative losu losům
accusative los losy
vocative lose losy
locative lose, losu losech
instrumental losem losy

DanishEdit

 
Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

AdjectiveEdit

los

  1. loose

NounEdit

los c (singular definite lossen, plural indefinite losser)

  1. lynx

InflectionEdit

Declension of los
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative los lossen losser losserne
genitive los' lossens lossers lossernes

NounEdit

los n (singular definite losset, plural indefinite los)

  1. kick

InflectionEdit

Declension of los
neuter
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative los losset los lossene
genitive los' lossets los' lossenes

DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /lɔs/
  • Audio
    		(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔs

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Dutch los, from Old Dutch *los, from Proto-Germanic *lusaz.

AdjectiveEdit

los (comparative losser, superlative meest los or lost)

  1. loose
  2. separate
InflectionEdit
Inflection of los
uninflected los
inflected losse
comparative losser
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial los losser het lost
het loste
indefinite m./f. sing. losse lossere loste
n. sing. los losser loste
plural losse lossere loste
definite losse lossere loste
partitive los lossers —
Derived termsEdit

VerbEdit

los

  1. first-person singular present indicative of lossen
  2. imperative of lossen

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle Dutch los, from Old Dutch *los, from Proto-Germanic *luhsuz, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewk- (“light, to shine”) or from a substrate language.[5] Cognate with Old Saxon lohs, Old High German luhs, Old English lox, from a similar Germanic form also Swedish lodjur. Cognates outside Germanic include Ancient Greek λύγξ (lúnx), Lithuanian lūšis, Old Church Slavonic роусь (rusĭ), Old Irish lug, Old Armenian լուսանունք (lusanunkʿ).

NounEdit

los m (plural lossen, diminutive losje n)

  1. (dated) lynx (specifically the Eurasian lynx, Lynx lynx)
Alternative formsEdit
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit

AnagramsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ los¹ in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007
  2. ^ "los 1°" in Václav Machek, Etymologický slovník jazyka českého, second edition, Academia, 1968
  3. ^ los² in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007
  4. ^ "los 2°" in Václav Machek, Etymologický slovník jazyka českého, second edition, Academia, 1968
  5. ^ Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009), “lynx”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

Dutch Low SaxonEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Saxon lōs, from Proto-Germanic *lausaz, cognate with Dutch los and English loose.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

los

  1. open

FrenchEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

los m (plural los)

  1. (obsolete) praise; acclaim

SynonymsEdit

Further readingEdit

GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /loːs/ (standard)
  • IPA(key): /lɔs/ (regionally; chiefly as interjection or when meaning “going on”)

Etymology 1Edit

From Old High German lōs.

AdjectiveEdit

los (comparative loser, superlative am losesten)

  1. Alternative form of lose (“loose”)

AdverbEdit

los (only used in combination with a verb)

  1. off, rid of
    Ich bin meine Erkältung los.
    I've got rid of my cold.
  2. going on
    Hier ist einiges los.
    There's a lot going on here.

InterjectionEdit

los

  1. come on!, let's go!
    Los! An die Arbeit!
    Come on! Let's get to work!

Usage notesEdit

In compound verbs it is generally vain to distinguish those in which los is the adjective los(e) from those in which it is the adverb. For example, in losmachen (“loosen”) it seems to be the adjective, in losfahren (“leave”) and loswerden (“get rid”) it is the adverb.

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

VerbEdit

los

  1. Imperative singular of losen.

InterlinguaEdit

PronounEdit

los

  1. (accusative, dative) them, those

Mauritian CreoleEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French loche (dialectal)

NounEdit

los

  1. slug

ReferencesEdit

  • Baker, Philip & Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. (1987). Dictionnaire de créole mauricien. Morisyen – English – Français

Middle DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Dutch *los, from Proto-Germanic *lusaz.

AdjectiveEdit

los

  1. loose, free
  2. free, not encumbered
  3. having lost, robbed

InflectionEdit

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

DescendantsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • “los”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • “los (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, 1929

Norwegian BokmålEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowing from Low German lots (short form of lotsman); compare with German Lotse.

NounEdit

los m (definite singular losen, indefinite plural loser, definite plural losene)

  1. (nautical) a pilot (person who guides ships in and out of a harbour)

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowing from Low German lots (short form of lotsman).

NounEdit

los m (definite singular losen, indefinite plural losar, definite plural losane)

  1. (nautical) a pilot (as above)

ReferencesEdit

NovialEdit

PronounEdit

los

  1. they (all male); them (all male)

Related termsEdit

OccitanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin illōs, from ille.

ArticleEdit

los (singular lo, feminine la, feminine plural las)

  1. the; masculine plural definite article

Old EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *lusą (“loss”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewHs- (“to cut loose; sever; lose”). Cognate with Old Norse los (“looseness; breaking up”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

los n (nominative plural los)

  1. loss
  2. destruction

InflectionEdit

Declension of los (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative los los
accusative los los
genitive loses losa
dative lose losum

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Old FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

See the verb loer (“to laud”).

NounEdit

los m (oblique plural los, nominative singular los, nominative plural los)

  1. glory; positive reputation

DescendantsEdit

Old High GermanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *lausaz, whence also Old English lēas, Old Norse lauss.

AdjectiveEdit

lōs

  1. loose

PolishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German lōz, from Old High German hlōz, from Proto-Germanic *hlautiz.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

los m inan

  1. fate
  2. lottery ticket

DeclensionEdit

declension of los
singular plural
nominative los losy
genitive losu losów
dative losowi losom
accusative los losy
instrumental losem losami
locative losie losach
vocative losie losy

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Further readingEdit

  • los in Polish dictionaries at PWN

PortugueseEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

los

  1. Alternative form of os (third-person masculine plural objective pronoun) used as an enclitic and mesoclitic following a verb form ending in a consonant (-z, -r and -s, but not -m); the consonant is elided and the preceding vowel takes an accent if necessary

Serbo-CroatianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *ôlsь.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

lȍs m (Cyrillic spelling ло̏с)

  1. moose
  2. elk

DeclensionEdit

Declension of los
singular plural
nominative lȍs lȍsovi
genitive losa lòsōvā
dative losu losovima
accusative losa losove
vocative lose losovi
locative losu losovima
instrumental losom losovima

SloveneEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

lós m anim (genitive lósa, nominative plural lósi)

  1. elk, moose

DeclensionEdit

Declension of lós (masculine anim., hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative lós lósa lósi
accusative lósa lósa lóse
genitive lósa lósov lósov
dative lósu lósoma lósom
locative lósu lósih lósih
instrumental lósom lósoma lósi

SpanishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin illōs accusative plural masculine of ille.

ArticleEdit

los m pl

  1. the
    ¿Qué hacen los muchachos?
    "What do the boys do?"
Related termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronounEdit

los

  1. Accusative of ellos and ustedes (when referring to more than one man); them, you all (formal)
  2. Plural masculine or neuter pronoun, e.g. los que no hablan, "those who do not speak"

See alsoEdit

Spanish personal pronouns
nominative dative accusative disjunctive
first person singular yo me mí1
plural masculine2 nosotros nos nosotros
feminine nosotras nosotras
second person singular tuteo tú te ti1
voseo vos vos
formal3 usted le, se4 lo/la5 usted
plural familiar6 masculine2 vosotros os vosotros
feminine vosotras vosotras
formal/general3 ustedes les, se4 los/las5 ustedes
third person singular masculine2 él le, se4 lo él
feminine ella la ella
neuter ello7 lo/la5 ello
plural masculine2 ellos les, se4 los ellos
feminine ellas las ellas
reflexive — se sí1
  1. Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
  2. Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
  3. Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
  4. If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
  5. Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
  6. Used primarily in Spain
  7. Used only in rare circumstances

SwedishEdit

NounEdit

los

  1. indefinite genitive singular of lo

WestrobothnianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowing from Low German lots (short form of lotsman); compare with German Lotse.

NounEdit

los m (definite singular losn, dative singular losåm, indefinite plural losa, definite plural losan)

  1. (nautical) a pilot (person who guides ships in and out of a harbour)

Derived termsEdit

White HmongEdit

VerbEdit

los

  1. come, return (to one's home / to a place where one resides)

AntonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • Ernest E. Heimbach, White Hmong - English Dictionary (1979, SEAP Publications)

ZazakiEdit

EtymologyEdit

Compare Armenian լոշ (loš).

NounEdit

los (genitive singular losi)

  1. lavash
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