nos

See also: Appendix:Variations of "nos"

Contents

English

Alternative forms

• noes

Noun

nos

1. plural of no

Anagrams

• -son, SON, Son, son

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Asturian

Alternative forms

• mos (pronoun)
• ños (pronoun)

Etymology 1

From Latin nōs (“we; us”).

Pronoun

nos

1. us (dative and accusative of nosotros/nós)

Etymology 2

From a contraction of the preposition en (“in”) + masculine plural article los (“the”).

Contraction

nos m pl (masculine sg nel, feminine sg na, neuter sg no, feminine plural nes)

1. in the

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Catalan

Etymology

From Latin nōs (“we; us”), from Proto-Italic *nōs.

Pronoun

nos (enclitic, contracted 'ns, proclitic ens)

1. us (direct or indirect object)

Declension

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics

	strong/subject	weak (direct object)		weak (indirect object)		possessive
singular		proclitic	enclitic	proclitic	enclitic
1st person	jo, mi3	em, m’	-me, ’m	em, m’	-me, ’m	meu
1st person majestic1	nós	ens	-nos, ’ns	ens	-nos, ’ns	nostre
2nd person	tu	et, t’	-te, ’t	et, t’	-te, ’t	teu
2nd person formal1	vós	us	-vos, -us	us	-vos, -us	vostre
2nd person very formal2	vostè	el, l’	-lo, ’l	li	-li	seu
3rd person masculine	ell	el, l’	-lo, ’l	li	-li	seu
3rd person feminine	ella	la, l’4	-la	li	-li	seu
3rd person neuter		ho	-ho	li	-li	seu
3rd person reflexive	si	es, s’	-se, ’s	es, s’	-se, ’s	seu
plural
1st person	nosaltres	ens	-nos, ’ns	ens	-nos, ’ns	nostre
2nd person	vosaltres	us	-vos, -us	us	-vos, -us	vostre
2nd person formal2	vostès	els	-los, ’ls	els	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd person masculine	ells	els	-los, ’ls	els	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd person feminine	elles	les	-les	els	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd person reflexive	si	es, s’	-se, ’s	es, s’	-se, ’s	seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive		en, n’	-ne, ’n
locative		hi	-hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural. 2) Behaves grammatically as third person.			3) Only as object of a preposition. 4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Related terms

• nosaltres

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Cornish

Noun

nos f (plural nosow)

1. night

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Czech

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /nos/
• Rhymes: -os

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *nosъ, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.

Noun

nos m inan

1. (anatomy) nose

Declension

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	nos	nosy
genitive	nosu	nosů
dative	nosu	nosům
accusative	nos	nosy
vocative	nose	nosy
locative	nosu, nose	nosech
instrumental	nosem	nosy

Synonyms

• frňák, čenich, raťafák

Derived terms

• nosáč
• nosní

Etymology 2

Verb

nos

1. second-person singular imperative of nosit

Further reading

• nos in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• nos in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Fala

Etymology

From Old Portuguese nos, from Latin nōs (“we; us”).

Pronoun

nos

1. we (first person plural nominative personal pronoun; the speakers/writers)
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala (in Fala), Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme IX, Chapter 4: ¿Fala transerrana?:

     I nos, inda hoxii, con autonomía i tó siguimus idendu: “Vo pa Castilla”, […]

     And to this day we, with autonomy and everything, keep on saying: “I’ll go to Castille”, […]

2. us (first person plural objective personal pronoun)
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala (in Fala), Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme II, Chapter 2: Recunquista:

     Non poemos analizar con pormenoris estis siglos, pero tampoco se debi toleral que, sin fundamentus, se poña en duda algo que a Historia documentá nos lega sobre nossa terra.

     We can’t thoroughly analyse these centuries, but one mustn’t tolerate that, unfoundedly, something documented history tells us about our land be questioned.

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French

Etymology

From Old French noz, probably from Latin nostros.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /no/

Determiner

nos pl

1. plural of notre

Related terms

			Possessee
			Singular		Plural
			Masculine	Feminine
Possessor	Singular	First person	mon1	ma	mes
		Second person	ton1	ta	tes
		Third person	son1	sa	ses
	Plural	First person	notre		nos
		Second person	votre2		vos2
		Third person	leur		leurs

¹ Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.

² Also used as the polite singular form.

Further reading

• “nos” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• son

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Galician

Etymology 1

From contraction of preposition en (“in”) + masculine plural article os (“the”)

Contraction

nos m pl (masculine sg no, feminine sg na, feminine plural nas)

1. in the

Etymology 2

From a mutation of os.

Pronoun

nos m (accusative)

1. Mutated form of os. (their)

Usage notes

The n- forms of accusative third-person pronouns are used when the preceding word ends in -u or a diphthong, and is suffixed to the preceding word

See also

• Appendix:Galician pronouns
• los
• os
• nós

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronoun

nos

1. inflection of nós:
   1. accusative
   2. dative
   3. reflexive

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Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese nós. Cognates with Kabuverdianu anos.

Pronoun

nos

1. we, first person plural.

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Hungarian

Etymology

no (interjection) +‎ s (“and”, conjunction)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnoʃ]

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: nos

Interjection

nos

1. well

References

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Interlingua

Pronoun

nos

1. we
2. us

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Kashubian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nosъ, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.

Noun

nos m

1. (anatomy) nose

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *nōs.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /noːs/

Pronoun

nōs

1. nominative and accusative plural of ego: we, us

Usage notes

When used in the plural genitive, nostrī is used when it is the object of an action, especially when used with a gerund or gerundive. When used in such a construction, the gerund or gerundive takes on the masculine genitive singular. Nostrum is used as a partitive genitive, used in constructions such as (one of us).

Derived terms

• nōbīscum

Descendants

• Aromanian: noi, noauã
• Asturian: nós, nosotros, ñós, ñosotros
• Catalan: nós, nosaltres
• Dalmatian: nu, noi, nojiltri
• French: nous, nous autres
• Friulian: nô, noaltris
• Galician: nós, nosoutros
• Istriot: nui
• Italian: noi, noialtri

• Occitan: nos, nosautres
• Portuguese: nós
• Romanian: noi, nouă
• Romansch: nus, nous
• Sardinian: nois, noso, nosu, nos
• Sicilian: nui, nuàutri
• Spanish: nos, nosotros
• Venetian: noi, nu, noaltri, noantri
• Walloon: nos

See also

Personal pronoun declension.

Singular	First-person	Second-person	Reflexive
nominative	ego/egō	tū	—
genitive	meī	tuī	suī
dative	mihi/mihī, mī	tibi	sibi
accusative	mē	tē	sē, sēsē
ablative	mē	tē	sē, sēsē
vocative	egō	tū	—
possessive	meus	tuus	suus
Plural	First-person	Second-person	Reflexive
nominative	nōs	vōs	—
genitive	nostrī, nostrum	vestrī, vestrum	suī
dative	nōbīs	vōbīs	sibi
accusative	nōs	vōs	sē, sēsē
ablative	nōbīs	vōbīs	sē, sēsē
vocative	nōs	vōs	—
possessive	noster	vester, voster	suus

References

• nos in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• nos in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • old age creeps on us insensibly: senectus nobis obrēpit
    
  • vague rumours reach us: dubii rumores afferuntur ad nos
    
  • we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
    
  • we have agreed on this point: hoc convēnit inter nos
    
  • tradition, history tells us: memoriae traditum est, memoriae (memoria) proditum est (without nobis)
    
  • history has handed down to us: historiae prodiderunt (without nobis)
    
  • we have no expression for that: huic rei deest apud nos vocabulum
    
  • we are united by many mutual obligations: multa et magna inter nos officia intercedunt (Fam. 13. 65)
    
  • we have known each other well for several years: vetus usus inter nos intercedit
    
  • to send out colonists: colōnos mittere (Div. 1. 1. 3)
    

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Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nosъ, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɔs/

Noun

nos m (diminutive nosk)

1. nose

Declension

Declension of nos

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	nos	nosa	nose
Genitive	nosa	nosowu	nosow
Dative	nosoju	nosoma	nosam
Accusative	nos	nosa	nose
Instrumental	nosom	nosoma	nosami
Locative	nosu	nosoma	nosach

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Middle English

Noun

nos (plural nosses)

1. Alternative form of nose

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse nǫs, from Proto-Germanic *nasō, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.

Noun

nos f, m (definite singular nosa or nosen, indefinite plural noser, definite plural nosene)

1. (dialectal) nose
2. (dialectal) steep protruding point on a mountain

Synonyms

• (nose): nese

References

• “nos” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “nos” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse nǫs, from Proto-Germanic *nasō, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.

Noun

nos f (definite singular nosa, indefinite plural naser, definite plural nasene)

1. nose
2. steep protruding point on a mountain

Synonyms

• (nose): nase

References

• “nos” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Occitan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nus/

Etymology 1

From Old Occitan [Term?], from Latin nōs.

Pronoun

nos

1. to us (first-person plural indirect object pronoun)
2. ourselves (first-person plural reflexive pronoun)

Etymology 2

From Old Occitan nos, nous, nou, from Latin nōdus. Compare Catalan nus, French nœud, Italian nodo.

Noun

nos m (plural noses)

1. knot

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Old French

Alternative forms

• nous (first-person plural subject pronoun)
• nus (first-person plural subject pronoun)

Etymology

From Latin nōs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nus/

Pronoun

nos

1. we (first-person plural subject pronoun)
2. our (masculine and feminine plural possessive pronoun)
3. to us (first-person plural indirect object pronoun)
4. ourselves (first-person plural reflexive pronoun)

Descendants

• Middle French: nous
  • French: nous

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Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese nós and Kabuverdianu anos.

Pronoun

nos

1. we, first person plural.

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Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nosъ, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɔs/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

nos m inan

1. nose

Declension

declension of nos

	singular	plural
nominative	nos	nosy
genitive	nosa	nosów
dative	nosowi	nosom
accusative	nos	nosy
instrumental	nosem	nosami
locative	nosie	nosach
vocative	nosie	nosy

Derived terms

• nosowy

Further reading

• nos in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈnuʃ/
• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /nus/, /nos/
• Hyphenation: nos

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese nos, from Latin nōs (“we; us”), from Proto-Italic *nōs.

Pronoun

nos

1. us; objective case of nós

   Ele dir-nos-ia o nome do indivíduo; Ele nos diria o nome do indivíduo.

   He would have told us the name of the individual.

2. Obsolete spelling of nós

Quotations

For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:no.

See also

Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number	Person	Nominative (subject)		Accusative (direct object)		Dative (indirect object)	Prepositional		Prepositional with com		Non-declining
		m	f	m	f	m and f	m	f	m	f	m	f
Singular	First	eu		me			mim		comigo
	Second	tu		te			ti		contigo		você
											o senhor	a senhora
	Third	ele	ela	o (lo, no)	a (la, na)	lhe	ele	ela	com ele	com ela	o mesmo	a mesma
				se (reflexive)			si (reflexive)		consigo (reflexive)
Plural	First	nós		nos			nós		connosco (Portugal) conosco (Brazil)		a gente
	Second	vós		vos			vós		convosco		vocês
											os senhores	as senhoras
	Third	eles	elas	os (los, nos)	as (las, nas)	lhes	eles	elas	com eles	com elas	os mesmos	as mesmas
				se (reflexive)			si (reflexive)		consigo (reflexive)
Indefinite				se (reflexive)			si (reflexive)		consigo (reflexive)

Etymology 2

From Old Portuguese nos, clipping of enos, from en (“in”) + os (“the”).

Contraction

nos

1. Contraction of em os.
   • 2000, J. K. Rowling, Lya Wyler, Harry Potter e o Prisioneiro de Azkaban, Rocco, page 55:

     [...] o gato ronronava feliz nos braços de Hermione.

     [...] the cat was purring happily on Hermione's arms.

Quotations

For quotations of use of this term, see Citations:no.

Etymology 3

Pronoun

nos

2. Alternative form of os (third-person masculine plural objective pronoun) used as an enclitic following a verb form ending in a nasal vowel or diphthong

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nosъ, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nôːs/

Noun

nȏs m (Cyrillic spelling но̑с)

1. (anatomy) nose

Declension

Declension of nos

	singular	plural
nominative	nȏs	nȍsovi/nȍsevi
genitive	nȍsa	nȍsōvā/nȍsēvā
dative	nòsu	nȍsovima/nȍsevima
accusative	nȏs	nȍsove/nȍseve
vocative	nosu	nȍsovi/nȍsevi
locative	nòsu	nȍsovima/nȍsevima
instrumental	nosom	nosovima/nȍsevima

Derived terms

• nòsat
• nòsić
• nòsina
• nòsnī

• nòsnica
• nȍsorog
• nȍzdrva

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nosъ, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnóːs/
• Tonal orthography: nọ̑s

Noun

nós m inan (genitive nosú or nósa, nominative plural nosôvi or nósi)

1. (anatomy) nose

Declension

Declension of nós (masculine inan., hard o-stem, mobile accent, plural in -ôv-)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	nós	nosôva	nosôvi
accusative	nós	nosôva	nosôve
genitive	nosú	nosôv	nosôv
dative	nósu	nosôvoma	nosôvom
locative	nósu	nosôvih	nosôvih
instrumental	nósom	nosôvoma	nosôvi

Declension of nós (masculine inan., hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	nós	nósa	nósi
accusative	nós	nósa	nóse
genitive	nósa	nósov	nósov
dative	nósu	nósoma	nósom
locative	nósu	nósih	nósih
instrumental	nósom	nósoma	nósi

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Spanish

Etymology

From Latin nōs, from Proto-Italic *nōs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nos/

Pronoun

nos

1. us (dative and accusative form of nosotros and nosotras)

See also

Spanish personal pronouns

				nominative	dative	accusative	disjunctive
first person	singular			yo	me		mí1
	plural	masculine2		nosotros	nos		nosotros
		feminine		nosotras			nosotras
second person	singular	tuteo		tú	te		ti1
		voseo		vos			vos
		formal3		usted	le, se4	lo/la5	usted
	plural	familiar6	masculine2	vosotros	os		vosotros
			feminine	vosotras			vosotras
		formal/general3		ustedes	les, se4	los/las5	ustedes
third person	singular	masculine2		él	le, se4	lo	él
		feminine		ella		la	ella
		neuter		ello7		lo/la5	ello
	plural	masculine2		ellos	les, se4	los	ellos
		feminine		ellas		las	ellas
	reflexive			—	se		sí1

1. Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
2. Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
3. Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
4. If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
5. Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
6. Used primarily in Spain
7. Used only in rare circumstances

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse nǫs, from Proto-Germanic *nasō, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂s-.

Noun

nos c

1. a nose of an animal

Declension

Declension of nos
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	nos	nosen	nosar	nosarna
Genitive	nos	nosens	nosars	nosarnas

Related terms

• näsa (human nose)
• nosa
• sötnos

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Walloon

Etymology

From Old French nos, from Latin nos.

Pronoun

nos

1. we

Related terms

• nozôtes

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Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh nos, probably borrowed from Latin nox, from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /noːs/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

nos f (plural nosweithiau, or rarely nosau)

1. night

Derived terms

Terms derived from nos

• brig y nos (“gloaming; twilight”)
• llwydnos (“dusk, twilight”)
• nos da (“good night”)
• noson (“evening; night”)
• noswaith (“evening”)
• wythnos (“week”, literally “eight-night”)

 

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
nos	unchanged	unchanged	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

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Western Apache

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nòs]

Noun

nos

1. manzanita plant

Usage notes

• occurs only in Dilzhe’eh (Tonto) dialect

See also

• dinos "manzanita"