宿
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
宿 (radical 40 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十人一日 (JOMA), four-corner 30261, composition ⿱宀佰)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 287, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7195
- Dae Jaweon: page 568, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 938, character 10
- Unihan data for U+5BBF
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
宿 | |
---|---|---|
alt. forms | 㝛 |
Glyph originEdit
Characters in the same phonetic series (宿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
宿 | *suɡs, *suɡ |
蓿 | *suɡ |
縮 | *sruɡ |
樎 | *sruɡ |
蹜 | *sruɡ |
摍 | *sruɡ |
Ideogrammic compound: originally 㝛. Represents the man (人) who brings under a roof (宀) smoked meat (肉 abbreviated to 㐁), to the traveller.
EtymologyEdit
- “To stay overnight; lodge > night; mansion of the zodiac [i.e. the Sun's lodging stations]”
- Probably related to Austroasiatic: cf. Old Khmer *ruk (“to take cover or shelter”) > Khmer ជ្រុក (cruk, “shelter; refuge”), Khmer ស្រុក (srok, “settlement; village”) (Schuessler, 2007). Benedict (1972) relates it to the Tibeto-Burman terms listed in the etymology of 夜 (OC *laːɡs, “night”), however the phonetics is difficult to reconcile in the current reconstructions.
Pronunciation 1Edit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): suk1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siuk / suk
- Min Dong (BUC): sé̤ṳk
- Min Nan (POJ): siok / sok / sek / siak
- Wu (Wiktionary): soq (T4)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ
- Wade-Giles: su4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suh
- IPA (key): /su⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˇ
- Wade-Giles: hsiu3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheou
- IPA (key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- sù - literary (all senses);
- xiǔ - vernacular (classifier “night”).
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: suk1
- Yale: sūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: suk7
- Guangdong Romanization: sug1
- IPA (key): /sʊk̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siuk / suk
- Hakka Romanization System: xiug` / sug`
- Hagfa Pinyim: xiug5 / sug5
- IPA: /ɕi̯uk̚²/, /suk̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sé̤ṳk
- IPA (key): /søyʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sek
- Tâi-lô: sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: seg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕiɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siak
- Tâi-lô: siak
- Phofsit Daibuun: siag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiak̚⁵/
- siok - literary;
- sok - vernacular;
- sek/siak - vernacular.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: soq (T4)
- IPA (key): /sʊʔ⁵⁵/
- (Shanghainese)
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 宿 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
Final (韻) | 屋 (4) |
Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | III |
Fanqie | 息逐切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/sɨuk̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/siuk̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/siuk̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/suwk̚/ |
Li Rong |
/siuk̚/ |
Wang Li |
/sĭuk̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/si̯uk̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
su |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 宿 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
sù |
Middle Chinese |
‹ sjuwk › |
Old Chinese |
/*[s]uk/ |
English | spend the night |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 宿 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
No. | 12105 |
Phonetic component |
宿 |
Rime group |
覺 |
Rime subdivision |
1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
肅 |
Old Chinese |
/*suɡ/ |
DefinitionsEdit
宿
- to stay overnight; to lodge
- to reside; to live; to dwell
- lodge; lodging station; residence
- perching bird; resting bird
- to keep watch at night; to be on night duty
- night; nighttime
- Classifier for the number of nights: night
- to be content with
- to stay; to stay behind; to delay; to stop over; to be stationed
-
宿治者削。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Book of Lord Shang, circa 3rd century BCE
- Sùzhì zhě xuē. [Pinyin]
- He who procrastinates in creating order will be dismembered.
-
- (from) last night; the previous night; overnight
- (from) last year; spanning two years
- the past; former times
- old; longstanding
- big; great; considerable
- old and experienced; skilful; master
- renowned person; someone of high standing
- Alternative form of 夙 (sù, “usually; normally”).
- predestined; preordained
-
宿命 ― sùmìng ― destiny [lit. predestined life]
-
- in advance; beforehand
- Alternative form of 肅/肃 (sù, “respectful; solemn”).
- Alternative form of 肅/肃 (sù, “to admonish; to warn”).
- Alternative form of 肅/肃 (sù, “to offer”).
- (~國) (historical) The name of an ancient state located in modern-day Dongping county in Shandong province.
- (~州) (historical) The name of an ancient prefecture during the Tang dynasty, located in modern-day Suzhou city in Anhui province.
- (~縣) (historical) The name of an abolished county, now the Suzhou city in Anhui province.
- Short for 宿州 (Sùzhōu, “Suzhou city in Anhui province”).
- A surname.
CompoundsEdit
|
Pronunciation 2Edit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sau3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siu
- Min Dong (BUC): séu
- Min Nan (POJ): siù
- Wu (Wiktionary): xieu (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˋ
- Wade-Giles: hsiu4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiow
- IPA (key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: sau3
- Yale: sau
- Cantonese Pinyin: sau3
- Guangdong Romanization: seo3
- IPA (key): /sɐu̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siu
- Hakka Romanization System: xiu
- Hagfa Pinyim: xiu4
- IPA: /ɕi̯u⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: séu
- IPA (key): /siɛu²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: xieu (T2)
- IPA (key): /ɕiɜ³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 宿 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
Initial (聲) | 心 (16) |
Final (韻) | 尤 (136) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
Openness (開合) | Open |
Division (等) | III |
Fanqie | 息救切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/sɨuH/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/siuH/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/siəuH/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/suwH/ |
Li Rong |
/siuH/ |
Wang Li |
/sĭəuH/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/si̯ə̯uH/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
xiù |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 宿 |
Reading # | 2/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
xiù |
Middle Chinese |
‹ sjuwH › |
Old Chinese |
/*[s]uk-s/ |
English | "mansion" of the zodiac (where the moon is found on successive nights) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 宿 |
Reading # | 1/2 |
No. | 12104 |
Phonetic component |
宿 |
Rime group |
幽 |
Rime subdivision |
1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
秀 |
Old Chinese |
/*suɡs/ |
DefinitionsEdit
宿
- (Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac
CompoundsEdit
Pronunciation 3Edit
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
- Wade-Giles: ch'ih1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
DefinitionsEdit
宿
- † Alternative form of 戚 (qī, “name of a county in the State of Wei”).
JapaneseEdit
NounEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: しゅ (shu); すく (suku)
- Kan’on: しゅう (shū); しゅく (shuku, Jōyō)
- Kan’yōon: しゅく (shuku, Jōyō)
- Kun: やどる (yadoru, 宿る, Jōyō); やど (yado, 宿, Jōyō); やどす (yadosu, 宿す, Jōyō)
CompoundsEdit
- 民宿 (minshuku): traditional Japanese budget inn
- 新宿 (Shinjuku): Shinjuku
- 宿題 (shukudai): homework
- 宿命 (shukumei): destiny; fate
- 宿泊 (shukuhaku): lodging
- 野宿 (nojuku): sleeping rough; wild camping
- 安宿 (yasuyado): cheap hotel
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
宿 • (suk, su) (hangeul 숙, 수, revised suk, su, McCune-Reischauer suk, su)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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