寒
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
寒 (radical 40, 宀+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 十廿金卜 (JTCY), four-corner 30303, composition ⿱𡨄⺀)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 289, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7239
- Dae Jaweon: page 572, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 941, character 6
- Unihan data for U+5BD2
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
寒 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 寒 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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|
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (寒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 寒 | *ɡaːn |
| 蹇 | *kranʔ, *kanʔ |
| 謇 | *kranʔ |
| 搴 | *kranʔ, *kʰran |
| 藆 | *kranʔ |
| 騫 | *kʰran |
| 褰 | *kʰran |
| 攐 | *kʰran |
| 鑳 | *ɡranʔ |
| 寋 | *ɡanʔ |
| 鶱 | *qʰan |
Ideogrammic compound (會意): 宀 (“house”) + 人 (“person”) + 茻 (“grass”) – a person in a house, sleeping in the grass to protect from the cold. In some bronze inscriptions, 二 is added at the bottom of the character; this may simply be decorative or may represent a mat. In the seal script, 二 is changed to 仌 (“ice”) to emphasize its meaning of coldness.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
寒
- cold; wintry; chilly
- poor; poverty-stricken
- humble; petty and low
- desolate; deserted
- dreary; miserable
- withered; limp
- (humble) my
- to feel cold
- to fear; to dread
- winter
- cold weather; cold day or night
- (traditional Chinese medicine) cold; chill
- The fourteenth day of the month in Chinese telegraph messages
SynonymsEdit
| Dialectal synonyms of 冷 (“cold”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 冷 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 冷 |
| Taiwan | 冷 | |
| Jinan | 冷 | |
| Xi'an | 冷 | |
| Wuhan | 冷、冷凊 | |
| Chengdu | 冷、凊 | |
| Yangzhou | 冷 | |
| Hefei | 冷 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 凍、冷 |
| Hong Kong | 凍、冷 | |
| Taishan | 冷 | |
| Yangjiang | 凍、冷 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 冷 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 冷 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 冷、寒 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 冷、寒人 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 冷 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 冷、寒 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 冷、寒 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 冷、寒 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 冷 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 凊、鎮 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 凊、凍 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 冷、凊、寒 |
| Quanzhou | 冷、凊、寒 | |
| Zhangzhou | 冷、凊、寒 | |
| Taipei | 冷、凊、寒 | |
| Philippines (Manila) | 冷、寒 | |
| Chaozhou | 凝、寒 | |
| Shantou | 凝、寒 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 冷 |
| Wenzhou | 冷、凍 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 冷、凊 |
| Shuangfeng | 冷、凊 | |
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 寒
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
寒
- cold
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: がん (gan)
- Kan’on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
- Kun: さむい (samui, 寒い, Jōyō); いやしい (iyashī, 寒しい); さびしい (sabishī, 寒しい); まずしい (mazushī, 寒しい)
- Nanori: さ (sa); さん (san)