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百

See also: 佰, 白, and 𦣻
百 U+767E, 百
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-767E
← 白
[U+767D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 癿 →
[U+767F]
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Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

百 (radical 106 白+1, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一日 (MA), four-corner 10600, composition ⿱一白)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 785, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22679
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1199, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2643, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+767E

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 百
alt. forms 佰 financial
𦣻 archaic

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 百
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
怕 *pʰraːɡs, *pʰraːɡ
帕 *pʰraːɡs, *mbraːd
粕 *pʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
胉 *pʰaːɡ
泊 *baːɡ
箔 *baːɡ
魄 *tʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
皕 *prɯɡ
伯 *praːɡ
百 *praːɡ
迫 *praːɡ
敀 *praːɡ, *pʰraːɡ
柏 *praːɡ
湐 *praːɡ
拍 *pʰraːɡ
珀 *pʰraːɡ
皛 *pʰraːɡ, *ɡeːwʔ
洦 *mpʰraːɡ, *mbraːɡ
白 *braːɡ
帛 *braːɡ
舶 *braːɡ
鮊 *braːɡ
陌 *mbraːɡ
帞 *mbraːɡ
袹 *mbraːɡ
蛨 *mbraːɡ
貊 *mbraːɡ
佰 *mbraːɡ
銆 *mbraːɡ
碧 *praɡ, *preɡ
咟 *ɦmreːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *praːɡ): semantic 一 + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ).

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-r-gja.

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • báh - vernacular ("hundred");
  • báik - literary ("numerous").
  • Min Nan
    • Note: pah/peeh, peh/peeh - vernacular, pek/piak - literary.
    Rime
    Character 百
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
    Final (韻) 陌 (113)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 博陌切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/pˠæk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/pᵚak̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/pak̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/paɨjk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/pɐk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/pɐk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/pɐk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		bo
    Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 百
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		bǎi
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ pæk ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pˤrak/
    English hundred

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 百
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 194
    Phonetic
    component         		白
    Rime
    group         		鐸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		伯
    Old
    Chinese         		/*praːɡ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    百

    1. hundred
    2. numerous; countless
    3. every; all
    4. entirely; completely; at all
    5. A surname​. Bai (mainland China, Taiwan), Baak, Bak (Hong Kong)

    See alsoEdit

    Chinese numbers
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 108 1012
    Normal
    (小写, lower case)     		〇 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬
    万     		億
    亿     		兆
    万亿
    Financial
    (大写, upper case)     		零 壹 貳
    贰     		參
    叁     		肆 伍 陸
    陆     		柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟 萬
    万     		億
    亿     		兆
    万亿

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 百

    DescendantsEdit

    Sino-Xenic (百):
    • Japanese: 百 (ひゃく) (hyaku)
    • Korean: 백 (百, baek)
    • Vietnamese: bách (百)

    Others:

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    百

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term
    百
    ひゃく
    Grade: 1
    on’yomi

    Borrowing from Middle Chinese 百 (pˠæk, “hundred”).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    百 (hiragana ひゃく, rōmaji hyaku)

    1. hundred
    2. a very many, lots, a lot
    3. one hundred years old, advanced age
    Usage notesEdit

    This is the most common term for hundred in modern Japanese.

    IdiomsEdit
    Idioms
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    百
    もも
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    /mo1mo1/ invalid IPA characters (11) → /momo/

    From Old Japanese.

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    百 (hiragana もも, rōmaji momo)

    1. (archaic) hundred
    2. (archaic) a very many
    Usage notesEdit

    While ho or o is only used in compounds, momo can be used on its own.[2]

    Archaic. Generally only found in set phrases or compounds.

    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 3Edit

    Kanji in this term
    百
    ほ
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    /po/ → /ɸo/ → /ho/

    From Old Japanese.

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    百 (hiragana ほ, rōmaji ho)

    1. (obsolete) hundred
    2. (obsolete) a very many
    Usage notesEdit

    While momo can be used on its own, ho is only used in compounds, where it has lost the initial consonant and appears instead as o (see below). Generally only used in reference to multiple hundreds of things, as in terms 五百 (io, “five hundred; a very many”) or 八百 (yao, “eight hundred; a very many”).[2]

    Obsolete. Superseded by o (see below).

    Etymology 4Edit

    Kanji in this term
    百
    お
    Grade: 1
    kun’yomi

    /po/ → /ɸo/ → /ho/ → /o/

    From Old Japanese. Change in pronunciation from ho (see above).[2]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    百 (hiragana お, rōmaji o, historical hiragana ほ)

    1. (archaic) hundred
    2. (archaic) a very many
    Usage notesEdit

    While momo can be used on its own, o is only used in compounds. This o was originally pronounced ho (see above). Generally only used in reference to multiple hundreds of things, as in terms 五百 (io, “five hundred; a very many”) or 八百 (yao, “eight hundred; a very many”).[2]

    Archaic. Generally only found in set phrases and compounds.

    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    百 • (baek, maek)

    1. hundred.

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    百 (bách, bá, tình)

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