百
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TranslingualEdit
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Han characterEdit
百 (Kangxi radical 106, 白+1, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一日 (MA), four-corner 10600, composition ⿱一白 or ⿱丆日)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 785, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22679
- Dae Jaweon: page 1199, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2643, character 1
- Unihan data for U+767E
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
百 | |
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alternative forms | 佰 financial 𦣻 archaic |
Glyph originEdit
Historical forms of the character 百 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
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怕 | *pʰraːɡs, *pʰraːɡ |
帕 | *pʰraːɡs, *mbraːd |
粕 | *pʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
胉 | *pʰaːɡ |
泊 | *baːɡ |
箔 | *baːɡ |
魄 | *tʰaːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
皕 | *prɯɡ |
伯 | *praːɡ |
百 | *praːɡ |
迫 | *praːɡ |
敀 | *praːɡ, *pʰraːɡ |
柏 | *praːɡ |
湐 | *praːɡ |
拍 | *pʰraːɡ |
珀 | *pʰraːɡ |
皛 | *pʰraːɡ, *ɡeːwʔ |
洦 | *mpʰraːɡ, *mbraːɡ |
白 | *braːɡ |
帛 | *braːɡ |
舶 | *braːɡ |
鮊 | *braːɡ |
陌 | *mbraːɡ |
帞 | *mbraːɡ |
袹 | *mbraːɡ |
蛨 | *mbraːɡ |
貊 | *mbraːɡ |
佰 | *mbraːɡ |
銆 | *mbraːɡ |
碧 | *praɡ, *preɡ |
咟 | *ɦmreːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *praːɡ): semantic 一 + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ).
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-r-gja.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
百
- hundred
- numerous; countless
- every; all
- 百爾君子,不知德行。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Bǎi ěr jūnzǐ, bùzhī déxíng. [Pinyin]
- All ye princely men,
Know ye not his virtuous conduct?
百尔君子,不知德行。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- a surname. Bai (mainland China, Taiwan), Baak, Bak (Hong Kong)
See alsoEdit
Chinese numbers | ||||||||||||||||
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0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 108 | 1012 | |
Normal (小寫/小写) |
〇, 零 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬/万 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) |
億/亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億/万亿 (Mainland China) |
Financial (大寫/大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳/贰 | 參/叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸/陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 |
CompoundsEdit
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DescendantsEdit
Others:
- → Ai-Cham: pek⁷
- → Lao: ປາກ (pāk)
- → Lü: ᦔᦱᧅ (ṗaak)
- → Shan: ပၢၵ်ႇ (pàak)
- → Southern Kam: begs
- → Zhuang: bak
- → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *pæk
Further readingEdit
- “Entry #2597”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: ひゃく (hyaku, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: はく (haku)
- Kun: もも (momo, 百); ほ (ho, 百); お (o, 百)
- Nanori: ど (do); どう (dō); なり (nari); ひゅく (hyuku); も (mo); もんど (mondo); ゆ (yu)
Etymology 1Edit
Kanji in this term |
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百 |
ひゃく Grade: 1 |
goon |
Borrowed from Middle Chinese 百 (MC pˠæk̚, literally “hundred”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Usage notesEdit
This is the most common term for hundred in modern Japanese.
IdiomsEdit
Derived termsEdit
- 百科全書 (hyakka zensho): an encyclopedia
- 百千 (hyakusen): a large number, all sorts, hundreds and thousands
Japanese numerical compounds with 百 (hyaku) | |||||||||
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100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 900 | Hundreds of |
百 (hyaku) 一百 (ippyaku) |
二百 (nihyaku) | 三百 (sanbyaku) | 四百 (yonhyaku) | 五百 (gohyaku) | 六百 (roppyaku) | 七百 (nanahyaku) | 八百 (happyaku) | 九百 (kyūhyaku) 九百 (kuhyaku) |
何百 (nanbyaku) 数百 (sūhyaku) |
Etymology 2Edit
Kanji in this term |
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百 |
もも Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
/mo1mo1/ → /momo/
From Old Japanese.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Usage notesEdit
While the ho or o readings are only used in compounds, momo can be used on its own.[2]
Archaic. Generally only found in set phrases or compounds.
Derived termsEdit
- 百日 (momoka): hundredth day
- 百声鳥 (momokoedori): Cuculus poliocephalus, lesser cuckoo
- 百舌 (mozu): shrike
- 百千 (momochi): a large number, all sorts, hundreds and thousands
- 百千鳥 (momochidori): all sorts of birds, hundreds and thousands of birds; a plover; a Japanese bush warbler
- 百年 (momotose): hundred years, century, a long time
- 百夜 (momoyo): a hundred nights
Etymology 3Edit
Kanji in this term |
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百 |
ほ Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
/po/ → /ɸo/ → /ho/
From Old Japanese.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Usage notesEdit
While the momo reading can be used as a standalone term, ho is only used in compounds, where it has lost the initial consonant and appears instead as o.
Obsolete. Superseded by o (see below).
Etymology 4Edit
Kanji in this term |
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百 |
お Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
/po/ → /ɸo/ → /ho/ → /o/
From Old Japanese. Change in pronunciation from ho (see above).[2]
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Usage notesEdit
While the momo reading can be used as a standalone term, o is only used in compounds. This o was previously pronounced ho, from ancient po (see above). Generally only used in reference to multiple hundreds of things, as in terms 五百 (io, “five hundred; a very many”) or 八百 (yao, “eight hundred; a very many”).[2]
Archaic. Generally only found in set phrases and compounds.
Derived termsEdit
- 二百 (futao): two hundred
- 三百 (mio): three hundred
- 四百 (yoo): four hundred
- 五百 (io): five hundred; a very many
- 六百 (muo): six hundred
- 七百 (nanao): seven hundred
- 八百 (yao): eight hundred; a very many
- 九百 (kokonoo): nine hundred
- 八百万 (yaoyorozu): eight million; a great multitude, a countless large number or amount
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
← 10 | ← 90 | 100 | 1,000 → | 100,000 → |
---|---|---|---|---|
10 | ||||
Sino-Korean: 백 (baek) Hanja: 百 |
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 百 (MC pˠæk̚).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᄇᆡᆨ〮 (Yale: póyk) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] | 온〮 (Yale: wón) | ᄇᆡᆨ〮 (Yale: póyk) |
PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pɛk̚] ~ [pe̞k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [백/벡]
HanjaEdit
百 (eumhun 일백(一百) 백 (ilbaek baek))
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
百: Hán Việt readings: bách (
百: Nôm readings: bách[2][3][4][5][6], bá[2][7][4][5][6], trăm[1]
CompoundsEdit
- 百分 (bách phân)
- 百分率 (bách phân suất)
- 百合 (bách hợp)
- 百姓 (bách tính, bá tánh)
- 百官 (bách quan)
- 百工 (bách công)
- 百年偕老 (bách niên giai lão)
- 百戰 (bách chiến)
- 百戰百勝 (bách chiến bách thắng)
- 百方 (bách phương)
- 百步 (bách bộ)
- 百獸 (bách thú)
- 百發百中 (bách phát bách trúng)
- 百科 (bách khoa)
- 百科全書 (bách khoa toàn thư)
- 百聞不如一見 (bách văn bất như nhất kiến)
- 百草 (bách thảo)
- 百藝 (bách nghệ)
- 百補 (bách bổ)
- 百貨 (bách hóa/bách hoá)
- 百越 (Bách Việt)