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打

打 U+6253, 打
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6253
← 扒
[U+6252]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 扔 →
[U+6254]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

打 (radical 64 手+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 手一弓 (QMN), four-corner 51020, composition ⿰扌丁)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 417, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11781
  • Dae Jaweon: page 763, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1825, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6253

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 打

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 打
Small seal script
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
圢 tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ
町 tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ
打 rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ
盯 rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ
朾 rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ
丁 rteːŋ, *teːŋ
玎 rteːŋ, *teːŋ
虰 rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ
揨 rdeːŋ
釘 teːŋ, *teːŋs
靪 teːŋ, *teːŋʔ
仃 teːŋ
叮 teːŋ
疔 teːŋ
頂 teːŋʔ
奵 teːŋʔ
耵 teːŋʔ
酊 teːŋʔ
葶 teːŋʔ, *deːŋ
矴 teːŋs
訂 teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ
飣 teːŋs
汀 tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs
艼 tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ
庁 tʰeːŋ
婷 deːŋ
停 deːŋ
聤 deːŋ
渟 deːŋ
楟 deːŋ
亭 deːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).

Etymology 1Edit

This word was pronounced *teŋ in Old Chinese, as would be expected from a 丁 (dīng) phonetic. By the early Ming period, the character had been borrowed for another word with the same meaning but a different pronunciation, without the nasal ending. This may be related to the previous reading, as a dialectal variant. In Mandarin and some other dialects, the new reading became standard; however, derivations of the older pronunciation are still used in some dialects (Wu, Min Nan), Japanese (chō, tei) and Vietnamese (đánh).

Also compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *dah ~ daʔ (“to hit, to meet”), whence Mon ဒး (tɛ̀h, “to hit (a mark), meet with, reach [goal], be correct, apposite, to fit”) and Khmer ទះ (teăh, “to slap, to strike”).

PronunciationEdit

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 打
Mandarin Beijing /ta²¹⁴/
Harbin /ta²¹³/
Tianjin /tɑ¹³/
Jinan /ta⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ta⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ta⁵³/
Xi'an /ta⁵³/
Xining /ta⁵³/
Yinchuan /ta⁵³/
Lanzhou /ta⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ta⁵¹/
Wuhan /ta⁴²/
Chengdu /ta⁵³/
Guiyang /ta⁴²/
Kunming /ta̠⁵³/
Nanjing /tɑ²¹²/
Hefei /ta²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ta⁵³/
Pingyao /tɑ⁵³/
Hohhot /ta⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /tã³⁵/
Suzhou /tã⁵¹/
Hangzhou /tɑ⁵³/
Wenzhou /tiɛ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ta³⁵/
Tunxi /ta³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ta⁴¹/
Xiangtan /tɒ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /tɑ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /ta³¹/
Taoyuan /tɑ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ta³⁵/
Nanning /ta³⁵/
Hong Kong /ta³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tã⁵³/ 俗
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ta³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ta²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan)
Haikou (Min Nan) /fa⁵⁵/ 訓拍
Rime
Character 打 打
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 端 (5) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 庚 (109) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II IV
Fanqie 德冷切 都挺切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tˠæŋX/ /teŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tᵚaŋX/ /teŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /taŋX/ /tɛŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /taɨjŋX/ /tɛjŋX/
Li
Rong		 /tɐŋX/ /teŋX/
Wang
Li		 /tɐŋX/ /tieŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tɐŋX/ /tieŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 d- dǐng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 打 打
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 2368 2391
Phonetic
component		 丁 丁
Rime
group		 耕 耕
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 打 頂
Old
Chinese		 /*rteŋʔ/ /*teːŋʔ/
Notes 變音，見通俗文 見通俗文

DefinitionsEdit

打

  1. to hit; to strike; to slap
    別打人。 / 别打人。  ―  Bié dǎ rén.  ―  Don't hit people.
  2. to beat up
  3. the act of beating up
    他挨了一頓打。 / 他挨了一顿打。  ―  Tā ái le yī dùn dǎ.  ―  He was beaten up.
  4. to perform (a martial art)
    打太極拳 / 打太极拳  ―  dǎ tàijíquán  ―  to perform Tai Chi
  5. to get; to fetch
    打水  ―  dǎ shuǐ  ―  to get water
  6. to buy (meat, soy sauce, oil, etc. at a grocery store)
    打醬油 / 打酱油  ―  dǎ jiàngyóu  ―  to buy soy sauce
  7. to guess; (the riddle) is about
    打一人物  ―  dǎ yī rénwù  ―  to guess a person
  8. to make (a gesture, signal, etc.)
  9. to send or call
    打電報 / 打电报  ―  dǎ diànbào  ―  to send a telegraph
    打電話 / 打电话  ―  dǎ diànhuà  ―  to call on the telephone
    打手機 / 打手机  ―  dǎ shǒujī  ―  to call on the cellphone
  10. to pump (a tire, etc.)
    打氣 / 打气  ―  dǎ qì  ―  to pump air into something
  11. (involving gunpowder) to fire off; to set off
    打槍 / 打枪  ―  dǎ qiāng  ―  to fire a gun (mainly used in China)
    打炮仗  ―  dǎ pàozhang  ―  to set off a firecracker
  12. (computing) to type
    “o的”字點打？ / “o的”字点打？ [Cantonese]  ―  “di1” zi6 dim2 daa2? [Jyutping]  ―  How do you type "o的"?
  13. to display (text, an image, etc.)
    屏幕上打出兩行字。 [MSC, trad.]
    屏幕上打出两行字。 [MSC, simp.]
    Píngmù shàng dǎ chū liǎng háng zì. [Pinyin]
    A text of two lines displays on the screen.
  14. to use (a computer, usually for entertainment)
    打電腦 / 打电脑  ―  dǎ diànnǎo  ―  to use a computer
  15. to play (a video game or console)
    打電動 / 打电动  ―  dǎ diàndòng  ―  to play video game
  16. to play (a sport involving balls with hand)
    打壁球  ―  dǎ bìqiú  ―  to play squash
    打一場輸一場 / 打一场输一场  ―  dǎ yī chǎng shū yī chǎng  ―  play a round and lose a round
    打波 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 bo1 [Jyutping]  ―  to play a ball game
  17. to play (mahjong)
    打麻雀 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 maa4 zoek3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to play mahjong
  18. to play the drums
    打鼓  ―  dǎ gǔ  ―  to play the drums
  19. to tie
    打領結 / 打领结  ―  dǎ lǐngjié  ―  to tie a bowtie
    打煲呔 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 bou1 taai1 [Jyutping]  ―  to tie a bowtie
  20. (vulgar) to perform sexual activity
    打炮  ―  dǎpào  ―  to have sex
    打手槍 / 打手枪  ―  dǎshǒuqiāng  ―  to masturbate
  21. (Cantonese) correspond to, be associated with
    已經唔記得邊個打邊個 [Cantonese, trad.]
    已经唔记得边个打边个 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ji5 ging1 m4 gei3 dak1 bin1 go3 daa2 bin1 go3 [Jyutping]
    have already forgotten which one goes with which one
  22. from
    打東邊來了個喇嘛 [MSC, trad.]
    打东边来了个喇嘛 [MSC, simp.]
    dǎ dōngbiān lái le ge lǎma [Pinyin]
    from the east comes a lama
SynonymsEdit
Dialectal synonyms of 打 (“to hit, to strike”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 打
Mandarin Beijing 打
Taiwan 打
Jinan 打
Xi'an 打
Wuhan 打
Chengdu 打
Yangzhou 打
Hefei 打
Cantonese Guangzhou 打、𢱕
Hong Kong 打、𢱕
Taishan 打
Yangjiang 打
Gan Nanchang 打
Hakka Meixian 打
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 打
Liudui (S. Sixian) 打
Hsinchu (Hailu) 打
Dongshi (Dabu) 打
Zhuolan (Raoping) 打
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 打
Jin Taiyuan 打
Min Bei Jian'ou 𢫦
Min Dong Fuzhou 拍
Min Nan Xiamen 拍
Quanzhou 拍
Zhangzhou 拍
Taipei 拍
Chaozhou 拍
Wu Suzhou 打
Wenzhou 打
Xiang Changsha 打
Shuangfeng 打

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from English dozen, from 打臣.

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

打

  1. dozen
    一打雞蛋 / 一打鸡蛋  ―  yī dá jīdàn  ―  a dozen of eggs

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 打

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

打

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

EtymologyEdit

  This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

This kanji spelling is ateji (当て字).

NounEdit

打 (katakana ダース, rōmaji dāsu)

  1. dozen

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

打 • (ta, jeong) (hangeul 타, 정, revised ta, jeong, McCune-Reischauer t'a, chŏng, Yale tha, ceng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

打 (đả, đánh, dừng, đử)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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