U+6253, 打
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6253

[U+6252]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6254]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 64, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 手一弓 (QMN), four-corner 51020, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 417, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11781
  • Dae Jaweon: page 763, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1825, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6253

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ): semantic (hand) + phonetic (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).

Etymology 1 edit

This post-classical word (its earliest extant attestation is in Shuowen) was pronounced *teŋ in Late Old Chinese, as would be expected from a phonetic. By the early Ming period, the character had been borrowed (訓讀训读) for another word with the same meaning but a different pronunciation, without the nasal ending. This may be related to the previous reading, as a dialectal variant. In Mandarin and some other varieties, the new reading became standard; however, derivations of the older pronunciation are still used in other varieties such as Wu and Min Nan, as well as Vietnamese (đánh).

It has been compared to Mizo dêng (to throw; to fling; to hammer) and proposed to be from Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *dah ~ daʔ (to hit, to meet), whence Mon ဒး (tɛ̀h, to hit (a mark), meet with, reach [goal], be correct, apposite, to fit) and Khmer ទះ (tĕəh, to slap, to strike).

The pronunciation da is recorded in 六書故 as 都假.

Pronunciation edit



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ta²¹⁴/
Harbin /ta²¹³/
Tianjin /tɑ¹³/
Jinan /ta⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ta⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ta⁵³/
Xi'an /ta⁵³/
Xining /ta⁵³/
Yinchuan /ta⁵³/
Lanzhou /ta⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ta⁵¹/
Wuhan /ta⁴²/
Chengdu /ta⁵³/
Guiyang /ta⁴²/
Kunming /ta̠⁵³/
Nanjing /tɑ²¹²/
Hefei /ta²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ta⁵³/
Pingyao /tɑ⁵³/
Hohhot /ta⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /tã³⁵/
Suzhou /tã⁵¹/
Hangzhou /tɑ⁵³/
Wenzhou /tiɛ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ta³⁵/
Tunxi /ta³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ta⁴¹/
Xiangtan /tɒ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /tɑ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /ta³¹/
Taoyuan /tɑ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ta³⁵/
Nanning /ta³⁵/
Hong Kong /ta³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tã⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ta³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ta²¹/
Shantou (Teochew)
Haikou (Hainanese) /fa⁵⁵/ 訓拍

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (5) (5)
Final () (109) (125)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () II IV
Fanqie
Baxter taengX tengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tˠæŋX/ /teŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/tᵚaŋX/ /teŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/taŋX/ /tɛŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/taɨjŋX/ /tɛjŋX/
Li
Rong
/tɐŋX/ /teŋX/
Wang
Li
/tɐŋX/ /tieŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tɐŋX/ /tieŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
děng dǐng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dang2 ding2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 2368 2391
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rteŋʔ/ /*teːŋʔ/
Notes

Definitions edit

  1. to hit; to strike; to slap; to beat
      ―  Bié rén.  ―  Don't hit people.
    蚊子  ―  wénzǐ  ―  to swat mosquitoes
    1. to break by hitting or striking
      暖壺暖壶  ―  Wǒ bǎ nuǎnhú le.  ―  I broke the vacuum flask.
        ―  Wǎn le.  ―  The bowl was broken [by someone/something].
      雞飛蛋鸡飞蛋  ―  jīfēidàn  ―  having lost everything
    2. (music) to play (a percussion instrument)
        ―    ―  to play the drums
  2. to fight; to attack
      ―  jià  ―  to come to blows; to fight
    二戰德國為什麼蘇聯 [MSC, trad.]
    二战德国为什么苏联 [MSC, simp.]
    Èrzhàn Déguó wèishénme yào Sūlián? [Pinyin]
    In World War II, why did Germany attack the Soviet Union?
  3. the act of beating up
      ―  Tā ái le yī dùn .  ―  He was beaten up.
  4. Used as a dummy verb to make a verbal phrase from a noun, including but not limited to:
    1. to get; to fetch
        ―  shuǐ  ―  to get water
    2. to buy (meat, soy sauce, oil, etc. at a grocery store)
      醬油酱油  ―  jiàngyóu  ―  to buy soy sauce
    3. to guess; (the riddle) is about
      人物  ―  yī rénwù  ―  to guess a person
    4. to make (a gesture, signal, etc.)
      招呼  ―  zhāohū  ―  to say hello
      呵欠  ―  hēqiàn  ―  to yawn
      右燈右灯 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 jau6 dang1 [Jyutping]  ―  to put on the right turn signal (when driving)
    5. to fabricate; to build
        ―  dāo  ―  to make a knife
        ―  qiáng  ―  to build a wall
      毛衣  ―  máoyī  ―  to knit a sweater
    6. to stir
      算盤算盘  ―  suànpán  ―  to calculate with an abacus
      方向盤方向盘  ―  fāngxiàngpán  ―  to turn a steering wheel
      [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 daan6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to whip an egg
    7. to open
      帳子帐子  ―  zhàngzi  ―  to open (or set up) the bed curtains
        ―  sǎn  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
        ―  kāi  ―  to open
    8. to lift
      燈籠灯笼  ―  dēnglóng  ―  to carry a lighted lantern
    9. to dig
        ―  jǐng  ―  to dig a well
        ―  dòng  ―  to drill a hole
    10. to send or call
      電報电报  ―  diànbào  ―  to send a telegraph
      電話电话  ―  diànhuà  ―  to call on the telephone
      手機手机  ―  shǒujī  ―  to call on the cellphone
      機場 [Cantonese, trad.]
      机场 [Cantonese, simp.]
      dou3 zo2 gei1 coeng4 zau6 daa2 bei2 ngo5. [Jyutping]
      Call me when you arrive at the airport.
      對不起对不起  ―  Duìbuqǐ, cuò le.  ―  Sorry, I got the wrong number.
    11. to pump (a tire, etc.); to inject
        ―    ―  to pump air into something
      疫苗  ―  yìmiáo  ―  to give a vaccine
      顯影劑显影剂 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 hin2 jing2 zai1 [Jyutping]  ―  to inject IV contrast
    12. (involving gunpowder) to fire off; to set off; to attack
        ―  qiāng  ―  to fire a gun
      炮仗  ―  pàozhang  ―  to set off a firecracker
      飛機下來飞机下来  ―  bǎ fēijī xiàlái  ―  to shoot down an airplane
    13. (vulgar) to perform sexual activity
        ―  pào  ―  to have sex
      手槍手枪  ―  shǒuqiāng  ―  to masturbate
    14. to gather
      成一片  ―  chéngyīpiàn  ―  to get along well with everyone else
    15. to attach
        ―    ―  to wax
      補丁补丁  ―  bǔdīng  ―  to patch up
    16. to bite (said of insects that eat books, clothes)
    17. to write
      證明证明  ―  zhèngmíng  ―  to write out a testimonial
      介紹信介绍信  ―  jièshàoxìn  ―  to write a recommendation letter
    18. to paint; to stamp
      格子  ―  gézi  ―  to draw a grid
      郵戳邮戳  ―  yóuchuō  ―  to postmark
    19. (computing) to type
      o的o的 [Cantonese]  ―  “di1” zi6 dim2 daa2? [Jyutping]  ―  How do you type "o的"?
    20. to display (text, an image, etc.)
      屏幕 [MSC, trad.]
      屏幕 [MSC, simp.]
      Píngmù shàng chū liǎng háng zì. [Pinyin]
      Two lines of text display on the screen.
    21. to use (a computer, usually for entertainment)
      電腦电脑  ―  diànnǎo  ―  to use a computer
    22. to play (a video game or console)
      電動电动  ―  diàndòng  ―  to play video game
    23. to play (a sport involving balls with hand)
      壁球  ―  bìqiú  ―  to play squash
        ―  yī chǎng shū yī chǎng  ―  play a round and lose a round
      [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 bo1 [Jyutping]  ―  to play a ball game
    24. to play (mahjong, card games, etc.)
      麻雀 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 maa4 zoek3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to play mahjong
      撲克扑克 [dialectal Mandarin]  ―  púkèr [Pinyin]  ―  to play poker
        ―  pái  ―  to play cards or mahjong
    25. to perform (a martial art)
      太極拳太极拳  ―  tàijíquán  ―  to perform Tai Chi
    26. to tie
      領結领结  ―  lǐngjié  ―  to tie a bowtie
      煲呔 [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 bou1 taai1 [Jyutping]  ―  to tie a bowtie
    27. to reduce
        ―  jià  ―  to bargain
    28. to remove
        ―  chóng  ―  to kill insects
    29. to stop
        ―  zhù  ―  to stop
    30. to mark, to attach
      標籤标签  ―  ge biāoqiān  ―  to tag
  5. (Cantonese) to correspond to; to be associated with
    已經唔記得邊個邊個 [Cantonese, trad.]
    已经唔记得边个边个 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ji5 ging1 m4 gei3 dak1 bin1 go3 daa2 bin1 go3 [Jyutping]
    have already forgotten which one goes with which one
  6. to reach
  7. from; since
    東邊喇嘛 [MSC, trad.]
    东边喇嘛 [MSC, simp.]
    dōngbiān lái le ge lǎma [Pinyin]
    from the east comes a lama
    今兒今儿  ―  jīnr qǐ  ―  from today onward
  8. (opera) A particle used between reduplicated syllables.
  9. a surname
Synonyms edit
  • (to hit):

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

  • Korean: 치다 (chida, to call (on the telephone)) (semantic loan)
  • Zhuang: daj

Etymology 2 edit

Short for 打臣, from English dozen.

Pronunciation edit


Definitions edit

  1. dozen
    雞蛋鸡蛋  ―  jīdàn  ―  a dozen of eggs

Descendants edit

  • Zhuang: daj

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit


Definitions edit

  1. Only used in 蘇打苏打 (sūdá).

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Definitions edit

Kanji in this term
だあす
Grade: 3
(ateji)
irregular
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
ダース
[noun] dozen
[proper noun] (Star Wars) Darth (Should we delete(+) this sense?)
(This term, , is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

(eumhun (chil ta))

  1. Hanja form? of (hit; strike).

Compounds edit

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

: Hán Nôm readings: đả, đánh, dừng, đử,

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.