打
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TranslingualEdit
| Stroke order | |||
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Han characterEdit
打 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 手一弓 (QMN), four-corner 51020, composition ⿰扌丁)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 417, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11781
- Dae Jaweon: page 763, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1825, character 5
- Unihan data for U+6253
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
打 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 打 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 圢 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 町 | *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ |
| 打 | *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ |
| 盯 | *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ |
| 朾 | *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ |
| 丁 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 玎 | *rteːŋ, *teːŋ |
| 虰 | *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ |
| 揨 | *rdeːŋ |
| 釘 | *teːŋ, *teːŋs |
| 靪 | *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ |
| 仃 | *teːŋ |
| 叮 | *teːŋ |
| 疔 | *teːŋ |
| 頂 | *teːŋʔ |
| 奵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 耵 | *teːŋʔ |
| 酊 | *teːŋʔ |
| 葶 | *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ |
| 矴 | *teːŋs |
| 訂 | *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ |
| 飣 | *teːŋs |
| 汀 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs |
| 艼 | *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ |
| 庁 | *tʰeːŋ |
| 婷 | *deːŋ |
| 停 | *deːŋ |
| 聤 | *deːŋ |
| 渟 | *deːŋ |
| 楟 | *deːŋ |
| 亭 | *deːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).
Etymology 1Edit
This post-classical word (its earliest extant attestation is in Shuowen) was pronounced *teŋ in Late Old Chinese, as would be expected from a 丁 phonetic. By the early Ming period, the character had been borrowed (訓讀／训读) for another word with the same meaning but a different pronunciation, without the nasal ending. This may be related to the previous reading, as a dialectal variant. In Mandarin and some other dialects, the new reading became standard; however, derivations of the older pronunciation are still used in some dialects (Wu, Min Nan), Japanese (ちょう (chō), てい (tei)) and Vietnamese (đánh).
It has been compared to Mizo dêng (deŋᴴ, “to throw; to fling; to hammer”) and proposed to be from Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler 2007, & 2009). Also compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *dah ~ daʔ (“to hit, to meet”), whence Mon ဒး (tɛ̀h, “to hit (a mark), meet with, reach [goal], be correct, apposite, to fit”) and Khmer ទះ (tĕəh, “to slap, to strike”).
The pronunciation da is recorded in 六書故 as 都假切.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
打
- to hit; to strike; to slap; to beat
- 別打人。／别打人。 ― Bié dǎ rén. ― Don't hit people.
- 打蚊子 ― dǎ wénzǐ ― to swat mosquitoes
- 打：擊也。从手丁聲。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2nd century CE
- Dǎ: jī yě. Cóng shǒu dīng shēng. [Pinyin]
- “To hit (打) (*teŋB)” means “to beat (擊)”. Belongs to hand radical (手) and is pronounced like 丁 (*teŋ).
打：击也。从手丁声。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to play the drums
- 打鼓 ― dǎ gǔ ― to play the drums
- to fight; to attack
- the act of beating up
- Used as a dummy verb to make a verbal phrase from a noun, including but not limited to:
- to perform (a martial art)
- to get; to fetch
- 打水 ― dǎ shuǐ ― to get water
- to buy (meat, soy sauce, oil, etc. at a grocery store)
- to guess; (the riddle) is about
- to make (a gesture, signal, etc.)
- to fabricate; to build
- to stir
- to break
- to open
- to dig
- 打井 ― dǎ jǐng ― to dig a well
- to send or call
- to pump (a tire, etc.); to inject
- (involving gunpowder) to fire off; to set off; to attack
- (vulgar) to perform sexual activity
- to gather
- 打成一片 ― dǎchéngyīpiàn ― to get along well with everyone else
- to attach
- to lift
- to bite (said of insects that eat books, clothes)
- to write
- to paint; to stamp
- (computing) to type
- to display (text, an image, etc.)
- to use (a computer, usually for entertainment)
- to play (a video game or console)
- to play (a sport involving balls with hand)
- to play (mahjong or poker, etc.)
- to tie
- to reduce
- to remove
- to stop
- 打住 ― dǎzhù ― to stop
- to mark, to attach
- (Cantonese) to correspond to; to be associated with
- to reach
- from; since
- a meaningless participle.
- a surname
SynonymsEdit
- (to hit): 揍 (zòu)
CompoundsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Short for 打臣, from English dozen.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
打
DescendantsEdit
- → Zhuang: daj
Etymology 3Edit
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
打
ReferencesEdit
- “打”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: ちょう (chō)←ちやう (tyau, historical)
- Kan-on: てい (tei)
- Tō-on: た (ta)
- Kan’yō-on: だ (da, Jōyō)
- Kun: うち (uchi, 打ち); うつ (utsu, 打つ, Jōyō); ぶつ (butsu, 打つ); ダース (dāsu, 打)
DefinitionsEdit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 打 |
| だあす Grade: 3 (ateji) |
| irregular |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 打 – see the following entry. | ||
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| (This term, 打, is an alternative (ateji) spelling of the above term.) |
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
打: Hán Nôm readings: đả, đánh, dừng, đử, tá
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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