隱
|
TranslingualEdit
Traditional | 隱 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 隠 |
Simplified | 隐 |
Han characterEdit
隱 (radical 170, 阜+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓中月一心 (NLBMP), four-corner 72237, composition ⿰阝㥯)
Derived charactersEdit
Related charactersEdit
- 隠 (Japanese shinjitai, also a variant form)
- 隐 (Simplified Chinese)
DescendantsEdit
- 𛀖 (Hentaigana)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1362, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41891
- Dae Jaweon: page 1865, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4162, character 9
- Unihan data for U+96B1
ChineseEdit
trad. | 隱 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 隐 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph originEdit
Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qɯnʔ, *qɯns): semantic 阜 + phonetic 㥯 ().
Pronunciation 1Edit
DefinitionsEdit
隱
- to hide; to cover; to shield
- to conceal; to cover up
- hidden; concealed
- profound; subtle; delicate
- facts one wishes to hide; feelings or troubles one wishes to keep to oneself; secret
- secretly; inwardly
CompoundsEdit
Pronunciation 2Edit
DefinitionsEdit
隱
- † to lean upon
CompoundsEdit
JapaneseEdit
隠 | |
隱 |
KanjiEdit
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 隠)
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: おん (on)
- Kan-on: いん (in)
- Kun: かくす (kakusu, 隱す); かくれる (kakureru, 隱れる); かくろう (kakurou, 隱ろう); こもる (komoru, 隱る); なばる (nabaru, 隱る)
- Nanori: お (o); がくし (gakushi)
CompoundsEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 隱 (MC ʔɨnX).
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
- 은신 (隱身, eunsin, “hiding”)
- 은폐 (隱蔽, eunpye, “concealment”)
- 은은 (隱隱, euneun, “being faint; indistinct; dull”)
- 은밀 (隱密, eunmil, “secrecy”)
- 은퇴 (隱退, euntoe, “retirement”)
- 은둔 (隱遁/隱遯, eundun, “seclusion”)
- 측은 (惻隱, cheugeun, “sympathy; empathy”)
- 은유 (隱喩, eunyu, “metaphor”)
- 은닉 (隱匿, eunnik, “concealment”)
- 은어 (隱語, euneo, “jargon, argot, slang”)
- 은연 (隱然, eunyeon, “implicity”)
- 측은지심 (惻隱之心, cheugeunjisim)
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Old KoreanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
Conventionally reconstructed as *-n, after the Middle Korean reflexes.
Etymology 1Edit
From the coda consonant of Old Chinese 隱 (OC *qɯnʔ, *qɯns) or Middle Chinese 隱 (MC ʔɨnX, ʔɨnH).
PhonogramEdit
隱 (*-n)
- A consonantal phonogram denoting coda consonant *-n
Etymology 2Edit
ParticleEdit
隱 (*-(u)n)
- The Korean topic marker, with various nuances according to context:
- Used to mark an already known topic, to which the subsequent statement applies.
- c. 750, 月明師 (Wolmyeongsa), “祭亡妹歌 (Jemangmae-ga)”, in 三國遺事 (Samguk Yusa) [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]:
- 生死路隱此矣有阿米次肹伊遣
- As life and death's paths [TOP] are present here, my way is blocked [or "I am in fear" or "I hesitate"].
- Used in comparative or contrastive constructions.
- 765, 忠談師 (Chungdamsa), “安民歌 (Anmin-ga)”, in 三國遺事 (Samguk Yusa) [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]:
- 君隱父也臣隱愛賜尸母史也
- *NIMKUM-un AP-ye SIN-un TOSU-si-lq Esi-ye
- The sovereign [TOP] is a father; the ministers [TOP] are loving mothers
- c. 1250, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Golden Light Sutra, page 7.14:
- Used with an emphatic sense.
- Used to mark an already known topic, to which the subsequent statement applies.
Usage notesEdit
In Middle and Modern Korean, the allomorph taken by the topic marker after a vowel may be 는 (-neun) instead of ㄴ (-n), especially in formal speech. This is the result of reduplication of the topic marker at some point and may not have been present in Old Korean, although the phonologically opaque nature of the orthography makes it difficult to tell.
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
SuffixEdit
隱 (*-(u)n)
- A realis gerund suffix:
- what is, what was, what has, etc.; used to nominalize verbs in the realis mood.
- c. 965, 均如 (Gyunyeo), “恒順衆生歌 (Hangsunjungsaeng-ga)”, in 均如傳 (Gyunyeo-jeon) [Works of Gyunyeo]:
- 迷火隱乙根中沙音賜焉逸良
- one takes as one's roots that which is confounded
- which is, which was, which has, etc.; used to make verbal adnominals in the realis mood.
- 1120, King Yejong of Goryeo, “悼二將歌 (Doijang-ga)”, in 平山申氏系譜 (Pyeongsan Sin-ssi Gyebo) [Genealogy of the Pyeongsan Sin descent group]:
- 久乃直隱跡烏隱現乎賜丁
- *WOLA-na KOT-on CACHwo-n NATH-wo-si-ntye
- though it was long ago, he has made apparent their legacy which is righteous
- what is, what was, what has, etc.; used to nominalize verbs in the realis mood.
DescendantsEdit
- Middle Korean: 은〮 (-(ú)n, verbal realis particle, generally adnominal)
- Korean: 은 (-(eu)n, verbal past and adjectival realis adnominal suffix)
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 니〮 (-ní)
- Korean: 니 (ni)
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 니〮 (-ní)
- ⇒ Korean: 니라 (nira)
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 녀〮 (-nyé)
- Korean: 냐 (nya)
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 뇨〮 (-nyó)
- Korean: 뇨 (nyo)
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 은〮가〮 (-(ú)nká)
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 은〮고〮 (-(ú)nkwó)
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 은〮대〮 (-(ú)ntáy)
See alsoEdit
- 尸 (*-l, irrealis gerund)
ReferencesEdit
- 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop) et al. (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN, pages 411—549
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
隱: Hán Việt readings: ẩn (
隱: Nôm readings: ẩn[1][2][4][6], ửng[3][7], ăng[3], ổn[3], ẳng[5]