canon
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English canoun, from Old French canon and Old English canon, both from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”), akin to κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Semitic (compare Hebrew קָנֶה (qane, “reed”) and Arabic قَنَاة (qanāh, “reed”)). Doublet of qanun. See also cane, cannon, canyon, canal.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
canon (countable and uncountable, plural canons)
- A generally accepted principle; a rule.
- The trial must proceed according to the canons of law.
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
- Or that the Everlasting had not fixed His canon 'gainst self-slaughter.
- a formally codified set of criteria deemed mandatory for a particular artistic style of figurative art.
- the Canon of Polykleitos
- 1975, Richard Tobin, “The Canon of Polykleitos”, in American Journal of Archaeology[1], volume 79, number 4, , →JSTOR, retrieved 2 October 2020, pages 307–321:
- Despite the many advances made by modern scholars towards a clearer comprehension of the theoretical basis of the Canon of Polykleitos, the results of these studies show an absence of any general agreement upon the practical application of that canon in works of art.
- A group of literary works that are generally accepted as representing a field.
- 2015, William Styron, “Irwin Shaw”, in My Generation: Collected Nonfiction, page 456:
- the durable canon of American short fiction
- The works of a writer that have been accepted as authentic.
- the entire Shakespearean canon
- A eucharistic prayer, particularly the Roman Canon.
- A religious law or body of law decreed by the church.
- We must proceed according to canon law.
- A catalogue of saints acknowledged and canonized in the Roman Catholic Church.
- In monasteries, a book containing the rules of a religious order.
- A piece of music in which the same melody is played by different voices, but beginning at different times; a round.
- Pachelbel’s Canon has become very popular.
- (Roman law) A rent or stipend payable at some regular time, generally annual, e.g., canon frumentarius
- 1919 January, Charles P. Sherman, “A Brief History of Imperial Roman Canon Law”, in California Law Review, volume 7, number 2, Berkeley, California: University of California, pages 96–97:
- The lessees of public lands had to pay a perpetual rent or "canon" at some periodical time.
- (fandom slang, uncountable) Those sources, especially including literary works, which are considered part of the main continuity regarding a given fictional universe.
- A spin-off book series revealed the aliens to be originally from Earth, but it's not canon.
- 2014, Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars:
- Meanwhile, having learned the whereabouts of the Death Star's plans, the rebels send their best platypus agent to obtain them, in hopes of finding a weakness. And none of this is canon, so just relax.
- (cooking) A rolled and filleted loin of meat; also called a cannon.
- a canon of beef or lamb
- (printing, dated, uncountable) A large size of type formerly used for printing the church canons, standardized as 48-point.
- The part of a bell by which it is suspended; the ear or shank of a bell.[1]
Synonyms edit
- (48-point type): French canon
Derived terms edit
- canon bit
- canon bone
- canon by contrary motion
- canon event
- canonic
- canonical
- canonicity
- canonisation, canonization
- canonise, canonize
- canonist
- canon law
- crab canon
- deuterocanonical
- double canon
- enigma canon
- enigmatical canon
- enigmatic canon
- fanon
- headcanon
- infinite canon
- minor canon
- mirror canon
- Morgan's canon
- non-canon
- noncanonical
- perpetual canon
- protocanonical
- puzzle canon
- riddle canon
- soft canon
Translations edit
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Etymology 2 edit
Adjective edit
canon (comparative more canon, superlative most canon)
- (fandom slang) Clipping of canonical.
- Antonym: non-canon
- The franchise's book spinoff is usually not considered canon.
Etymology 3 edit
From Middle English canoun, ultimately from Latin canonicus (either by shortening or back-formation from Old English canonic, or via Old Northern French canoine).
Noun edit
canon (plural canons)
- A clergy member serving a cathedral or collegiate church.
- A canon regular, a member of any of several Roman Catholic religious orders.
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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Etymology 4 edit
Noun edit
canon (plural canons)
- Alternative spelling of qanun
Etymology 5 edit
Noun edit
canon (plural canons)
- (obsolete, now a misspelling) Alternative spelling of cannon (“weapon”)
- Alternative spelling of cannon (“a carom in billiards”)
Further reading edit
- ^ Edward H[enry] Knight (1877), “Canon”, in Knight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. […], volume I (A–GAS), New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton […], →OCLC.
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024), “canon”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- “canon”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
Anagrams edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”), akin to κάννα (kánna, “reed”), perhaps from Semitic (compare Hebrew קנה (qaneh, “reed”)).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
canon m (plural canons, diminutive canonnetje n)
- canon (set of representative or pre-eminent literary works)
- (chiefly Christianity) canon (set of authoritative religious books, especially those constituting the Bible)
- (Christianity) canon (religious law)
- (music) canon (round, music piece consisting of the same melody sung by different voices)
- (Roman Catholicism) canon (part of a mass following the Sanctus up to the end of the Pater Noster, consisting mostly of prayers)
- (dated) canon (principle, rule)
Derived terms edit
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old French canon, from canne + -on, corresponding to Italian cannone.
Noun edit
canon m (plural canons)
Derived terms edit
- boulet de canon
- canon à eau
- chair à canon
- fusil à canon scié
- poudre à canon
- tuer une mouche avec un canon
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Old French canon, borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).
The 'attractive person' sense comes from an ellipsis of canon de beauté.
Noun edit
canon m (plural canons)
- canon
- (music) canon
- (religion) canon
- (slang) hottie, dish, bombshell (attractive man/woman)
- Synonyms: bombe, avion de chasse
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Turkish: kanon
Etymology 3 edit
From the above noun (see sense 4) by conversion.
Adjective edit
canon (plural canons)
- (informal, of a person) hot, sexy
- Cette nouvelle coupe de cheveux te va trop bien, t’es canon! ― This new hair really suits you, you're hot!
Etymology 4 edit
Noun edit
canon m (plural canons)
Further reading edit
- “canon”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Latin edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈka.noːn/, [ˈkänoːn]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈka.non/, [ˈkäːnon]
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”), akin to κάννα (kánna, “reed”), perhaps from Semitic (compare Hebrew קנה (qaneh, “reed”)).
Noun edit
canōn m (genitive canonis); third declension
- a measuring line
- (figuratively) precept, rule, canon
- a yearly tribute paid to the emperor; (Medieval Latin, by extension) a periodic payment
- (Ecclesiastical Latin) authorized catalog, especially of books of the Bible or of the saints
- (Ecclesiastical Latin) decree of a church synod
- (Ecclesiastical Latin) the Canon of the Mass
- (Medieval Latin) relic
Declension edit
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | canōn | canonēs |
Genitive | canonis | canonum |
Dative | canonī | canonibus |
Accusative | canonem | canonēs |
Ablative | canone | canonibus |
Vocative | canōn | canonēs |
Synonyms edit
- (precept, rule): nōrma, praeceptum, rēgula
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Italian: canone
- → Catalan: cànon
- → German: Kanon
- → Dutch: canon
- → Old French: canon (see there for further descendants)
- → Portuguese: cânone
- → Russian: канон (kanon)
- → Spanish: canon
Etymology 2 edit
From canna (“pipe”), compare Italian cannone and Old French canon.
Noun edit
canōn m (genitive canōnis); third declension
- (Medieval Latin) a cannon (artillery)
References edit
- “canon”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- canon in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- canon in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- “canon”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “canon”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
- Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “canon”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle French canon, from Italian cannone, from Latin canna, from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na).
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
canon (plural canones)
Descendants edit
- English: cannon
References edit
- “canọ̄n, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
canon
- Alternative form of canoun (“authoritative rules”)
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
canon
- Alternative form of canoun (“clergy member”)
Norman edit
Etymology edit
From Old French canon.
Noun edit
canon m (plural canons)
Old French edit
Etymology 1 edit
canne + -on, corresponding to Italian cannone.
Noun edit
canon oblique singular, m (oblique plural canons, nominative singular canons, nominative plural canon)
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).
Descendants edit
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn), possibly partly through a South Slavic language intermediate.
Noun edit
canon n (plural canoane)
- canon
- (usually in regards to religion) tenet, dogma, rule, norm, precept
- punishment or penance for breaking such a religious rule
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) canon | canonul | (niște) canoane | canoanele |
genitive/dative | (unui) canon | canonului | (unor) canoane | canoanelor |
vocative | canonule | canoanelor |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin canōn,[1] from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”) (compare κάννα (kánna, “reed”)), perhaps of Semitic origin.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
canon m (plural cánones)
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991) Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Further reading edit
- “canon”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Welsh edit
Alternative forms edit
- (verb form): canasom (literary, first-person plural)
- (verb form): canasant (literary, third-person plural)
- (artillery): canan
Pronunciation edit
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈkanɔn/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈkaːnɔn/, /ˈkanɔn/
Etymology 1 edit
From English canon, from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).
Noun edit
canon f (plural cannonau)
- canon (ecclesiastical degree)
Noun edit
canon m (plural canoniaid or canons)
- canon (clerical)
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from English cannon, from Italian cannone, from Latin canna (“reed”).
Noun edit
canon m (plural cannonau)
Derived terms edit
- pelen canon f (“cannonball”)
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
canon
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
canon | ganon | nghanon | chanon |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “canon”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies