Wiktionary

canon

See also: Canon, cannon, canyon, kanon, cànon, ĉanon, cânon, canõn, cañón, and cañon

English

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English canoun, from Old French canon and Old English canon, both from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”), akin to κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Semitic (compare Hebrew קָנֶה (qane, “reed”) and Arabic قَنَاة (qanāh, “reed”)). Doublet of qanun. See also cane, cannon, canyon, canal.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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Canons cast into the top of a bell - used for attaching to a headstock

canon (countable and uncountable, plural canons)

  1. A generally accepted principle; a rule.
    The trial must proceed according to the canons of law.
    1. a formally codified set of criteria deemed mandatory for a particular artistic style of figurative art.
      the Canon of Polykleitos
      • 1975, Richard Tobin, “The Canon of Polykleitos”, in American Journal of Archaeology‎[1], volume 79, number 4, →DOI, →JSTOR, retrieved 2 October 2020, pages 307–321:
        Despite the many advances made by modern scholars towards a clearer comprehension of the theoretical basis of the Canon of Polykleitos, the results of these studies show an absence of any general agreement upon the practical application of that canon in works of art.
  2. A group of literary works that are generally accepted as representing a field.
    • 1992 February 2, Mitzel, “Clay Shaw, The Quean Network & That Kennedy Killing”, in Gay Community News, volume 19, number 28, page 12:
      Russo had been working as a salesman, selling Great Books of the Western World, hawking the canon to the rubes.
    • 2015, William Styron, “Irwin Shaw”, in My Generation: Collected Nonfiction, page 456:
      the durable canon of American short fiction
  3. The works of a writer that have been accepted as authentic.
    the entire Shakespearean canon
  4. A eucharistic prayer, particularly the Roman Canon.
  5. A religious law or body of law decreed by the church.
    We must proceed according to canon law.
  6. A catalogue of saints acknowledged and canonized in the Roman Catholic Church.
  7. In monasteries, a book containing the rules of a religious order.
  8. A piece of music in which the same melody is played by different voices, but beginning at different times; a round.
    Pachelbel’s Canon has become very popular.
  9. (Roman law) A rent or stipend payable at some regular time, generally annual, e.g., canon frumentarius
    • 1919 January, Charles P. Sherman, “A Brief History of Imperial Roman Canon Law”, in California Law Review, volume 7, number 2, Berkeley, California: University of California, pages 96–97:
      The lessees of public lands had to pay a perpetual rent or "canon" at some periodical time.
  11. (chiefly fandom slang, uncountable) Those sources, especially including literary works, which are considered part of the main continuity regarding a given fictional universe; (metonymic) these sources' content.
    Coordinate term: lore
    A spin-off book series revealed the aliens to be originally from Earth, but it's not canon.
    • 2014, Phineas and Ferb: Star Wars:
      Meanwhile, having learned the whereabouts of the Death Star's plans, the rebels send their best platypus agent to obtain them, in hopes of finding a weakness. And none of this is canon, so just relax.
  12. (cooking) Alternative form of cannon (“rolled and filleted loin of meat”)
    a canon of beef or lamb
  13. (printing, dated, uncountable) A large size of type formerly used for printing the church canons, standardized as 48-point.
  15. The part of a bell by which it is suspended; the ear or shank of a bell.[1]
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Translations
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Etymology 2

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From Middle English canoun, ultimately from Latin canonicus (either by shortening or back-formation from Old English canonic, or via Old Northern French canoine).

Noun

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canon (plural canons)

  2. A type of clergymember serving a cathedral or collegiate church.
    Coordinate terms: abbé, deacon; curate; priest, reverend, pastor, rector, vicar
  4. A canon regular, a member of any of several Roman Catholic religious orders.
Derived terms
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Translations
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Etymology 3

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Adjective

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canon (comparative more canon, superlative most canon)

  1. (fandom slang) Clipping of canonical.
    Antonym: non-canon
    The franchise's book spinoff is usually not considered canon.

Etymology 4

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Noun

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canon (plural canons)

  1. Alternative spelling of qanun

Etymology 5

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Noun

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canon (plural canons)

  1. (obsolete, now a misspelling) Alternative spelling of cannon (“weapon”)
  2. Alternative spelling of cannon (“a carom in billiards”)

Etymology 6

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From Spanish cañón, spelling it without the diacritics.

Noun

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canon (plural canons)

  1. Obsolete spelling of canyon.
    • 1887, Frank McAlpine, Mile-stones of History, Literature, Travel, Mythology, ...:
      [page 247:] the most wonderful depressions, gorges, canons, or valleys ever discovered.
      [page 249:] Some two miles on we come to where the three canons begin.
      [page 329:] the Canons of the Colorado River. This gave Moran his subject for a second painting, which he called the "Grand Chasm of the Colorado" [...]
    • 1995, Michael A. Bogan, A Biological Survey of Fort Niobrara and Valentine National ..., page 13, quoting writings by a Bailey in 1890:
      "Clarks Canon, […] very sandy, hilly, deep canons (or ravines), river valleys, and no trees or brush […] "

References

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Further reading

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  1. ^ Edward H[enry] Knight (1877) “Canon”, in Knight’s American Mechanical Dictionary. […], volumes I (A–GAS), New York, N.Y.: Hurd and Houghton […], →OCLC.

Anagrams

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Dutch

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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”), akin to κάννα (kánna, “reed”), perhaps from Semitic (compare Hebrew קנה (qaneh, “reed”)).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkaː.nɔn/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: ca‧non

Noun

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canon m (plural canons, diminutive canonnetje n)

  1. canon (set of representative or pre-eminent literary works)
    1. (chiefly Christianity) canon (set of authoritative religious books, especially those constituting the Bible)
  2. (Christianity) canon (religious law)
  3. (music) canon (round, music piece consisting of the same melody sung by different voices)
  4. (Roman Catholicism) canon (part of a mass following the Sanctus up to the end of the Pater Noster, consisting mostly of prayers)
  5. (dated) canon (principle, rule)

Derived terms

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French

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old French canon, from canne + -on, corresponding to Italian cannone.

Noun

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canon m (plural canons)

  1. cannon, (big) gun
  2. barrel (of firearm)
  3. cannon for a horse
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Old French canon, borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).

The 'attractive person' sense comes from an ellipsis of canon de beauté.

Noun

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canon m (plural canons)

  1. canon
  2. (music) canon
  3. (religion) canon
  4. (slang) hottie, dish, bombshell (attractive man/woman)
    Synonyms: bombe, avion de chasse
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • → Turkish: kanon

Etymology 3

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From the above noun (see sense 4) by conversion.

Adjective

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canon (plural canons)

  1. (informal, of a person) hot, sexy
    Cette nouvelle coupe de cheveux te va trop bien, t’es canon! ― This new hair really suits you, you're hot!

Etymology 4

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From canne +‎ -on.

Noun

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canon m (plural canons)

  1. (slang) glass of wine

Further reading

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Galician

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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  This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

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canon m (plural canons)

  1. canon (principle, literary works, prayer, religious law, music piece)

References

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Latin

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”), akin to κάννα (kánna, “reed”), perhaps from Semitic (compare Hebrew קנה (qaneh, “reed”)).

Noun

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canōn m (genitive canonis); third declension

  1. a measuring line
  2. (figuratively) precept, rule, canon
  3. a yearly tribute paid to the emperor; (Medieval Latin, by extension) a periodic payment
  4. (Ecclesiastical Latin) authorized catalog, especially of books of the Bible or of the saints
  5. (Ecclesiastical Latin) decree of a church synod
  6. (Ecclesiastical Latin) the Canon of the Mass
  7. (Medieval Latin) relic
Declension
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Third-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative canōn canonēs
genitive canonis canonum
dative canonī canonibus
accusative canonem canonēs
ablative canone canonibus
vocative canōn canonēs
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From canna (“pipe”), compare Italian cannone and Old French canon.

Noun

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canōn m (genitive canōnis); third declension

  1. (Medieval Latin) a cannon (artillery)

References

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  • “canon”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • "canon", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • canon in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • “canon”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “canon”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
  • Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “canon”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Middle French canon, from Italian cannone, from Latin canna, from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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canon (plural canones)

  1. (Late Middle English) cannon
Descendants
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References
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Etymology 2

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Noun

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canon

  1. Alternative form of canoun (“authoritative rules”)

Etymology 3

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Noun

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canon

  1. Alternative form of canoun (“clergy member”)

Norman

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Etymology

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From Old French canon.

Noun

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canon m (plural canons)

  1. cannon

Old French

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Etymology 1

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cane (“reed, cane, tube”) +‎ -on, corresponding to Italian cannone.

Noun

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canon oblique singular, m (oblique plural canons, nominative singular canons, nominative plural canon)

  1. tube
  2. cannon

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”).

  1. canon

Descendants

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic канонъ (kanonŭ), from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn).

Noun

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canon n (plural canoane)

  1. canon
  2. (usually in regards to religion) tenet, dogma, rule, norm, precept
  3. punishment or penance for breaking such a religious rule

Declension

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Declension of canon
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative canon canonul canoane canoanele
genitive-dative canon canonului canoane canoanelor
vocative canonule canoanelor

Derived terms

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Spanish

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Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin canōn,[1] from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”) (compare κάννα (kánna, “reed”)), perhaps of Semitic origin.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkanon/ [ˈka.nõn]
  • Rhymes: -anon
  • Syllabification: ca‧non

Noun

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canon m (plural cánones)

  1. canon (principle, literary works, prayer, religious law, music piece)
    Synonyms: norma, precepto, regla
  2. tax, fee
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References

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  1. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “canon”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Further reading

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Welsh

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Alternative forms

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  • (verb form): canasom (literary, first-person plural)
  • (verb form): canasant (literary, third-person plural)
  • (artillery): canan

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From English canon

Noun

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canon f (plural cannonau)

  1. canon (ecclesiastical degree)

Noun

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canon m (plural canoniaid or canons)

  1. canon (clerical)

Etymology 2

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Borrowed from English cannon

Noun

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canon m (plural cannonau)

  1. cannon
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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canon

  1. first/third-person plural preterite colloquial of canu

Mutation

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Mutated forms of canon
radical soft nasal aspirate
canon ganon nghanon chanon

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “canon”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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