See also: and
U+9D09, 鴉
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9D09

[U+9D08]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9D0A]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 196, +4, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一竹竹日火 (MHHAF), four-corner 17227, composition )

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1484, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46738
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2016, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4618, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+9D09

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms
𩿎
𪀨
𪀹

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *qraː) : phonetic (OC *ŋraː) + semantic (bird).

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka-n (crow). Doublet of (OC *qaː, “crow; raven”) . The Middle Chinese of retains the earlier vowel.

Schuessler (2007) disputes Old Chinese reconstructions with medial *-r-, reasoning that 's place among Division II syllables (often from Old Chinese syllables containing *-r-) results rather from archaism which preserves the original vowel's quality.

Pronunciation

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Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Note: uă - used in 老鴉.
Note: 1ia - literary, 1o - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ia⁵⁵/
Harbin /ia⁴⁴/ 烏~
/ia²¹³/ ~片
Tianjin /iɑ²¹/
Jinan /ia²¹³/
Qingdao /ia⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ia²⁴/
Xi'an /ia²¹/
Xining /ia⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ia⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ia¹³/
Ürümqi /ia⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ia⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ia⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ia⁵⁵/
Kunming /ia̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /iɑ³¹/
Hefei /ia²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ia¹¹/
Pingyao /iɑ¹³/
Hohhot /ia³¹/
Wu Shanghai /o⁵³/
/ia⁵³/
Suzhou /o⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiɑ³³/
Wenzhou /o³³/
Hui Shexian /ia³¹/
/ŋa³¹/
Tunxi /ŋɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ia³³/
Xiangtan /iɒ³³/
Gan Nanchang /ŋɑ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /a⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /a⁵⁵/
Nanning /a⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /a⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /a⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /a⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /a⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /a³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /za³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (34)
Final () (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter 'ae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔˠa/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔa/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔaɨ/
Li
Rong
/ʔa/
Wang
Li
/a/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
aa1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔæ ›
Old
Chinese
/*qˁra/
English raven, crow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14196
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qraː/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. crow; raven

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Japanese

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鴉(karasu)

Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: (e)
  • Kan-on: (a)
  • Kun: からす (karasu, )

Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
からす
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
からすカラス
[noun] a crow or raven
Alternative spelling
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Kikai

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

Noun

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(がらさー) or (がるさー) (garasā or garusā

  1. Alternative form of

Korean

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Hanja

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(a) (hangeul )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Northern Amami Ōshima

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

Noun

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(からすぃ) (karasï

  1. Alternative form of

Okinawan

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

Noun

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(がらし) (garashi

  1. Alternative form of

Okinoerabu

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

Noun

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(がらし) (garashi

  1. Alternative form of

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: nha[1][2][3][4][5]
: Nôm readings: a[6], ác[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of nha (crow, raven).
  2. Nôm form of ác (crow, raven).

References

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Yonaguni

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

Noun

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(がらち) (garachi

  1. Alternative form of