ina

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ina"

Languages (81)

Translingual

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Afar • Akar-Bale • Akkadian • Aklanon • Amis • Asilulu • Balinese • Biak • Bikol Central • Bima • Buginese • Buhid • Casiguran Dumagat Agta • Cebuano • Central Bontoc • Chayuco Mixtec • Chinook Jargon • Coastal Kadazan • Cuyunon • Eastern Bontoc • Esperanto • Finnish • Gothic • Hungarian • Iban • Igala • Inlaod Itneg • Irish • Isnag • Itawit • Ivatan • Japanese • Kambera • Kankanaey • Karao • Kikuyu • Komodo • Kott • Latin • Leti • Limos Kalinga • Maguindanao • Makasar • Malay • Mansaka • Mayoyao Ifugao • Mentawai • Motu • Nauna • Ngadha • Nias • Ojibwe • Old Javanese • Old Saxon • Paikoneka • Paiwan • Pangasinan • Paulohi • Pazeh • Pipil • Romansch • Sabu • Saisiyat • Sakizaya • Samoan • San Juan Colorado Mixtec • Sasak • Sika • Simeulue • Swahili • Swedish • Tagalog • Tetum • Thao • Toba Batak • Tooro • Wolio • Yami • Yoruba • Yosondúa Mixtec

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Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

ina

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Interlingua.

Afar

Etymology

Related to Amharic እናት (ʼənnat).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iˈna/ [ʔɪˈnʌ]
• Hyphenation: i‧na

Noun

iná f (plural inaaní f or inontí f)

1. mother

Declension

Declension of iná

absolutive iná predicative iná subjective iná genitive iná Postpositioned forms l-case inál k-case inák t-case inát h-case ináh

Coordinate terms

• abbá (“father”)

Derived terms

• ullat-iná
• urriiná

References

• E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “ina”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎^[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Akar-Bale

Noun

ina

1. water

References

• M. V. Portman, Notes on the Languages of the South Andaman Group of Tribes (1898)

Akkadian

Etymology

Unknown.

Pronunciation

• (Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /ˈi.na/

Preposition

ina (from Old Akkadian on)

1. (place) in, on, onto

   𒀀𒉿𒅋𒌈 𒌑𒌌 𒄿𒈾 𒀀𒊮 𒅇 𒌑𒌌 𒄿𒈾 𒆠𒊑𒅎 𒊭𒀝𒈾𒀜

   [awīltum ul ina eqlim u ul ina kirîm šaknat]

   a-wi-il-tum u₂-ul i-na A.ŠA₃ u₃ u₂-ul i-na ki-ri-im ša-ak-na-at

   The woman is neither in the field nor in the orchard.

2. (time) on, at
3. (time) during
4. among
5. from, out of
6. (instrumental) with, by means of
7. (material) of, out of, with
8. (causal) because of, as a result of
9. (with subjunctive) so long as

Usage notes

• Frequently abbreviated to in with assimilation of /n/ to the following consonant (often in Old Assyrian, passim in Old Babylonian, occasionally in Standard Babylonian).

Alternative forms

• in (Old Akkadian, Old Babylonian, Standard Babylonian, Neo-Babylonian)
• i (Old Assyrian)

Cuneiform spellings

Logograms	Phonetic
𒀸 (AŠ) 𒋫 (TA) 𒂠 (ŠE₃)	𒄿𒈾 (i-na)

Related terms

• ina lā
• ina lā īdê

References

• “ina”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎^[3], Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011

Aklanon

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔinah/

Noun

iná

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Amis

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• “Entry #”, in 阿美語中部方言辭典 [Dictionary of the Central Dialect of Amis]‎^[4] (in Chinese), Taiwan: Council of Indigenous Peoples, 2021
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Asilulu

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Balinese

Romanization

ina

1. Romanization of ᬳᬶᬦ

Biak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Bikol Central

Etymology 1

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: i‧na
• IPA^(key): /ʔiˈnaʔ/ [ʔiˈn̪aʔ]

Noun

inâ (masculine ama)

1. mother (female (human) who parents a child, gives birth to a baby, or is pregnant)

   Synonyms: inay, mama, nanay, mamay

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: i‧na
• IPA^(key): /ˈʔinaʔ/ [ˈʔi.n̪aʔ]

Verb

inà

1. to subtract, to decrease (in number)

   Synonym: restar

2. to lessen

   Synonym: bawas

Derived terms

• inaan
• mag-ina
• pag-ina

Bima

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Buginese

Etymology

From Proto-South Sulawesi *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina (Lontara spelling ᨕᨗᨊ)

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Buhid

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔina/ [ˈʔi.na]
• Rhymes: -ina
• Syllabification: i‧na

Noun

ina (Buhid spelling ᝁᝈ)

1. woman; female; girl

   Coordinate term: ama

2. mother

   Synonym: ina uso

   Coordinate term: ama

Derived terms

• ina uso

Casiguran Dumagat Agta

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ína

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Cebuano

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: i‧na
• IPA^(key): /ʔiˈna/ [ʔɪˈn̪a]

Noun

iná

1. (obsolete) mother

   Synonyms: inahan, mama, nanay

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Central Bontoc

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ína

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Chayuco Mixtec

Etymology

From Proto-Mixtec *ínà.

Noun

ina

1. dog

Derived terms

• ina ndiquɨhɨ
• ina nduvahu

References

• Pensinger, Brenda J. (1974) Diccionario mixteco-español, español-mixteco (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 18)‎^[5] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: El Instituto Lingüístico de Verano en coordinación con la Secretaría de Educación Pública a través de la Dirección General de Educación Extraescolar en el Medio Indígena, pages 16, 115

Chinook Jargon

Etymology

From a Lower Chinookan noun: i-ʔína

Noun

ina

1. beaver (animal)

Coastal Kadazan

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Cuyunon

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Eastern Bontoc

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Esperanto

Etymology

From -ino +‎ -a.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /ˈina/
• Rhymes: -ina
• Hyphenation: in‧a

Adjective

ina (accusative singular inan, plural inaj, accusative plural inajn)

1. female, feminine

   Synonyms: femala, femina

Coordinate terms

• iĉa (“male”) (neologism)
• malina (“male”)
• maskla (“male”)
• vira (“male”)

Finnish

Etymology

Unknown. Related to dialectal Swedish ena, ina; probably borrowed in one direction or another.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈinɑ/, [ˈinɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -inɑ
• Syllabification^(key): i‧na
• Hyphenation^(key): ina

Noun

ina

1. Synonym of kierrenuotta.

Declension

Inflection of ina (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		ina	inat
genitive		inan	inojen
partitive		inaa	inoja
illative		inaan	inoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		ina	inat
accusative	nom.	ina	inat
	gen.	inan
genitive		inan	inojen inain rare
partitive		inaa	inoja
inessive		inassa	inoissa
elative		inasta	inoista
illative		inaan	inoihin
adessive		inalla	inoilla
ablative		inalta	inoilta
allative		inalle	inoille
essive		inana	inoina
translative		inaksi	inoiksi
abessive		inatta	inoitta
instructive		—	inoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of ina (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative inani inani accusative nom. inani inani gen. inani genitive inani inojeni inaini rare partitive inaani inojani inessive inassani inoissani elative inastani inoistani illative inaani inoihini adessive inallani inoillani ablative inaltani inoiltani allative inalleni inoilleni essive inanani inoinani translative inakseni inoikseni abessive inattani inoittani instructive — — comitative — inoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative inasi inasi accusative nom. inasi inasi gen. inasi genitive inasi inojesi inaisi rare partitive inaasi inojasi inessive inassasi inoissasi elative inastasi inoistasi illative inaasi inoihisi adessive inallasi inoillasi ablative inaltasi inoiltasi allative inallesi inoillesi essive inanasi inoinasi translative inaksesi inoiksesi abessive inattasi inoittasi instructive — — comitative — inoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative inamme inamme accusative nom. inamme inamme gen. inamme genitive inamme inojemme inaimme rare partitive inaamme inojamme inessive inassamme inoissamme elative inastamme inoistamme illative inaamme inoihimme adessive inallamme inoillamme ablative inaltamme inoiltamme allative inallemme inoillemme essive inanamme inoinamme translative inaksemme inoiksemme abessive inattamme inoittamme instructive — — comitative — inoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative inanne inanne accusative nom. inanne inanne gen. inanne genitive inanne inojenne inainne rare partitive inaanne inojanne inessive inassanne inoissanne elative inastanne inoistanne illative inaanne inoihinne adessive inallanne inoillanne ablative inaltanne inoiltanne allative inallenne inoillenne essive inananne inoinanne translative inaksenne inoiksenne abessive inattanne inoittanne instructive — — comitative — inoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative inansa inansa accusative nom. inansa inansa gen. inansa genitive inansa inojensa inainsa rare partitive inaansa inojaan inojansa inessive inassaan inassansa inoissaan inoissansa elative inastaan inastansa inoistaan inoistansa illative inaansa inoihinsa adessive inallaan inallansa inoillaan inoillansa ablative inaltaan inaltansa inoiltaan inoiltansa allative inalleen inallensa inoilleen inoillensa essive inanaan inanansa inoinaan inoinansa translative inakseen inaksensa inoikseen inoiksensa abessive inattaan inattansa inoittaan inoittansa instructive — — comitative — inoineen inoinensa

Gothic

Romanization

ina

1. Romanization of 𐌹𐌽𐌰

Hungarian

Etymology

ín +‎ -a (possessive suffix)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈinɒ]
• Hyphenation: ina

Noun

ina

1. third-person singular single-possession possessive of ín

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	ina	—
accusative	inát	—
dative	inának	—
instrumental	inával	—
causal-final	ináért	—
translative	inává	—
terminative	ináig	—
essive-formal	inaként	—
essive-modal	inául	—
inessive	inában	—
superessive	inán	—
adessive	inánál	—
illative	inába	—
sublative	inára	—
allative	inához	—
elative	inából	—
delative	ináról	—
ablative	inától	—
non-attributive possessive – singular	ináé	—
non-attributive possessive – plural	ináéi	—

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Igala

Etymology

Cognate with Yoruba iná.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /í.ná/

Noun

íná

1. head louse; lice

Inlaod Itneg

Alternative forms

• inang

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ína

1. mother

   Synonym: nana

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Irish

Alternative forms

• ’na
• na (nonstandard)
• i n-a (superseded)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɪnˠə/

Particle

ina (triggers eclipsis, in regular past tenses inar)

1. in which, in whom (indirect relative; not used in the past tense except with some irregular verbs)

   san aois ina bhfuil sé ― at his age (lit. in the age in which he is)

   an chathaoir ina dúirt sé é ― the chair in which he said it

Usage notes

“In which” may also be expressed with the indirect relative particle before the verb and the appropriate inflected form of i in its original position in the clause:

• san aois a bhfuil sé ann ― at his age (lit. in the age which he is in)
• an chathaoir a dúirt sé inti é ― the chair which he said it in

Contraction

ina

1. Contraction of i (“in”) + a (various meanings).

   ‘in his’ (triggers lenition): ina phóca — ‘in his pocket’

   ‘in her’ (triggers h-prothesis): ina háit — ‘in her place, instead of her’

   ‘in their’ (triggers eclipsis: ina dteach — ‘in their house’

   ‘in which’ (triggers eclipsis, takes the dependent form of irregular verbs): ina bhfuil sé — ‘in which he is’

Related terms

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
	an (“the sg”)	na (“the pl”)	mo (“my”)	do (“your”)	a (“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár (“our”)	ar (“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded*, det*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do (“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod*, dot*	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi (“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i (“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id*, it*	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le (“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led*, let*	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó (“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód*, ót*	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí (“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Isnag

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

inā

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Itawit

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

iná

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Ivatan

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Japanese

Romanization

ina

1. Rōmaji transcription of いな

Kambera

Etymology

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother (female (human) who parents a child, gives birth to a baby, or is pregnant)

Kankanaey

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔiˈna/ [ʔiˈna] (“mother”)
  • Rhymes: -a
• IPA^(key): /ˈʔina/ [ˈʔiː.nʌ] (“mother of the speaker”)
  • Rhymes: -ina
• Syllabification: i‧na

Noun

iná

1. mother
2. a relationship between the speaker and any female relative at the first ascending generation

Noun

ína

1. (specifically) the mother of the speaker

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
• Morice Vanoverbergh (1933) “ina”, in A Dictionary of Lepanto Igorot or Kankanay. As it is spoken at Bauco (Linguistische Anthropos-Bibliothek; XII)‎^[6], Mödling bei Wien, St. Gabriel, Österreich: Verlag der Internationalen Zeitschrift „Anthropos“, →OCLC, page 187
• Allen, Larry (2021) “iná”, in Kankanaey – English Dictionary, Summer Institute of Linguistics

Karao

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Kikuyu

Etymology

Hinde (1904) records kuina as an equivalent of English sing in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu, listing also “Ulu dialect” (spoken then from Machakos to coastal area) of Kamba kwina as its equivalent.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ina/

Verb

ina (infinitive kũina)

1. to dance
2. to sing

Derived terms

(Verbs)

• kũinia

See also

• (to sing): gũkũya

References

• Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 361. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
• “ina” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Komodo

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Kott

Alternative forms

• ина

Numeral

ina

1. (cardinal number) two

References

• Бутанаев В.Я. (1992) Хакасско-кетские лексические параллели

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ἴς (ís, “sinew, tendon”).

Noun

īna f (genitive īnae); first declension

1. A thin fibre in paper

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	īna	īnae
genitive	īnae	īnārum
dative	īnae	īnīs
accusative	īnam	īnās
ablative	īnā	īnīs
vocative	īna	īnae

References

• “ina”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ina in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Leti

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Limos Kalinga

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

iná

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Maguindanao

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Makasar

Etymology

From Proto-South Sulawesi *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. (obsolete) mother

   Synonym: anrong

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ina/
• (Johor-Selangor, Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /inə/
• Rhymes: -ina

Noun

ina (Jawi spelling اينا, plural ina-ina)

1. mother

   Synonyms: emak, embok, ibu, injin, mama, nyak, uai, umm

Descendants

• Indonesian: (dialectal) ina

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Further reading

• “ina” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Mansaka

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

inà

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Mayoyao Ifugao

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

iná

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Mentawai

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Motu

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Nauna

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Ngadha

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Nias

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina (mutated form nina)

1. mother

   inagu ― my mother

Further reading

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Ojibwe

Alternative forms

• na (form used after a vowel)

Particle

ina

1. question marker for yes/no questions (always placed after the first word in the sentence; used after words ending in a consonant)

   da-gimiwan ina?

   Is it going to rain?

   Giwiisin ina?

   Are you eating?

   but: Gigii-anokii na bijiinaago?

   Did you work yesterday?

Old Javanese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ina/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

   Synonyms: babu, bibi, ibu, iduṅ, inaṅ, induṅ, janmayoni, mātā, matuh, rena

Etymology 2

Probably borrowed from Sanskrit दिन (dina, “a day”) as /d/ → /r/ (compare Javanese ꦫꦶꦤ (rina)) → /h/ → ∅, hence doublet of dina.

Noun

ina

1. sun

Derived terms

• rahina

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hiz.

Pronoun

ina

1. accusative of hē: him

Declension

Old Saxon personal pronouns

			nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
singular	1st person		ik	mī, me, mik	mī	mīn
	2nd person		thū	thī, thik	thī	thīn
	3rd person	m	hē	ina	imu	is
		f	siu	sia	iru	ira
		n	it		it	is
dual	1st person		wit	unk		unkero, unka
	2nd person		git	ink		inker, inka
plural	1st person		wī, we	ūs, unsik	ūs	ūser
	2nd person		gī, ge	eu, iu, iuu		euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera
	3rd person	m	sia		im	iro
		f	sia
		n	siu

Descendants

• Middle Low German: ine, ene, one
  • German Low German: ne, en

Paikoneka

Noun

ina

1. water

References

• Swintha Danielsen, Evaluating historical data (wordlists) in the case of Bolivian extinct languages (2011), page 4

Paiwan

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. (vocative) mother

Synonyms

• kina

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Pangasinan

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

iná

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Paulohi

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Pazeh

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Pipil

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): /ˈiːna/

Verb

īna

1. (intransitive) to say, to state, to utter

   Inak ne tamachtiani ka musta tikpiat se taejekulis

   The teacher said we'll have a test tomorrow

2. (intransitive) to think, to believe, to have the opinion that

   Nina ka niweli niajsi wipta ka tajkutunal

   I think I can come the day after tomorrow at noon

Romansch

Alternative forms

• egna (Sutsilvan, Surmiran)
• üna (Puter, Vallader)

Article

ina f (masculine in)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) a, an

Number

ina f (masculine in)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) one

Sabu

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Saisiyat

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Sakizaya

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.ˈna/, [i.ˈna]

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Samoan

Particle

ina

1. Marks the imperative mood, for positive commands

Usage notes

Placed before the verb. If the verb is repeated for emphasis, it is only placed before the second repetition of the verb. It may be omitted in any situation.

San Juan Colorado Mixtec

Etymology

From Proto-Mixtec *ínà.

Noun

ina (inà)

1. dog

Derived terms

• ina ndivaahu
• ina nduvaahu

References

• Stark Campbell, Sara, et al. (1986) Diccionario mixteco de San Juan Colorado (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 29)‎^[7] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 18

Sasak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Sika

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Simeulue

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Swahili

Verb

ina

1. inflection of -wa na:
   1. m-mi class subject inflected plural present affirmative
   2. n class subject inflected singular present affirmative

Swedish

Etymology

Perhaps onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²iːna/
• Rhymes: -²iːna

Verb

ina (present inar, preterite inade, supine inat, imperative ina)

1. (intransitive) to make a high-pitched buzzing sound (of a mosquito in flight), to whine

   inande mygg

   whining mosquitoes

Conjugation

Conjugation of ina (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	ina		—
supine	inat		—
imperative	ina		—
imper. plural1	inen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	inar	inade	—	—
ind. plural1	ina	inade	—	—
subjunctive2	ine	inade	—	—
present participle		inande
past participle		—

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

See also

• mygga (“mosquito”)

References

• ina in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Anagrams

• nia

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• yna — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling

Etymology 1

From Proto-Philippine *ina, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina (compare Buginese ina, Fijian tina, Ibanag yena, Laboya inya, Malay ina, Maranao ina', Nias ina, Tausug ina', Tetum inan, Toba Batak ina, Yami ina), from Proto-Austronesian *ina (compare Amis ina, Kulon-Pazeh ina, and Paiwan ina).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key): /ʔiˈna/ [ʔɪˈn̪a] (“mother”, noun)
    • Rhymes: -a
  • IPA^(key): /ʔiˈnaʔ/ [ʔɪˈn̪aʔ] (“grandmother”, noun)
    • Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: i‧na

Noun

iná (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ)

1. mother

   Synonyms: nanay, inay, inang, nanang, mama, (idiomatic) ilaw ng tahanan, (slang) ermat, (gay slang) mudra, (archaic) madre

Derived terms

• Araw ng mga Ina
• hay naku
• Ina ng Laging Saklolo
• ina-inahan
• inahan
• inahin
• inahing manok
• inambato
• inampalan
• inana
• inantubig
• inang
• inang bayan
• Inang Dalamhati
• Inang Kalikasan
• inang wika
• inang-binyag
• inang-dalag
• inang-diwa
• inang-hagdan
• inang-kasal
• inang-kumpil
• inang-panguman
• inangpalan
• iniina
• mag-iina
• mag-ina
• Mahal na Ina
• makaina
• naks
• naku
• paina
• puke ng ina mo
• putang ina

Noun

inâ (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ)

1. (dialectal, Quezon) grandmother

   Synonyms: lola, lelang, impo, inda, inang, (Quezon) inana, (archaic) abwela, (archaic) agwela

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔiˈnaʔ/ [ʔɪˈn̪aʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: i‧na

Noun

inâ (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜈ)

1. planting of seeds closely for transplantation upon sprouting (with the proper growth)

   Synonym: punla

Derived terms

• pag-iina

Further reading

• “ina”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
• Manuel, E. Arsenio (1971) A Lexicographic Study of Tayabas Tagalog of Quezon Province, Quezon City: Diliman Review, page 169

Anagrams

• ani

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, ftom Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

Further reading

• Fransiskus Monteiro (1985) Kamus Tetun-Indonesia [Tetum-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Thao

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Toba Batak

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina (Batak spelling ᯤᯉ)

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Tooro

Tooro numbers ^(edit)

	40[a], [b]
[a], [b] ←  3	4	5  → [a], [b]
Cardinal: -na, (in abstract counting) ina     Ordinal: -a kana     Adverbial: kana, enyakana, emirundi ena     Fractional: ekicweka ekya kana

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /íːna/

Numeral

ina

1. four (in abstract counting)
2. class 10 form of -na

Wolio

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Yami

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ina, from Proto-Austronesian *ina.

Noun

ina

1. mother

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ina”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ʊ́-nɪ̃ã́ or Proto-Yoruboid *ʊ́-nã́, cognate with Igala úná, Olukumi úná, Ifè iná, see Proto-Yoruboid entry *ʊ́-nã́ for more cognates. Ultimately from Proto-Volta-Congo *-na-

Alternative forms

• uná (SEY, CY)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.nã́/

Noun

iná

1. fire, light

   Synonym: ìmọ́lẹ̀

Synonyms

Yoruba varieties and languages: iná (“fire”)
view map; edit data
Language family	Variety group	Variety/language	Subdialect	Location	Words
Proto-Itsekiri-SEY	Southeast Yoruba	Eastern Àkókó	Àkùngbá	Àkùngbá Àkókó	uná
		Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè)		Ìdànrè (Ùdànè, Ùdànrè)	uná
		Ìjẹ̀bú	Ìjẹ̀bú	Ìjẹ̀bú Òde	unọ́
			Rẹ́mọ	Ẹ̀pẹ́	unọ́
				Ìkòròdú	unọ́
				Ṣágámù	unọ́
		Ìkálẹ̀ (Ùkálẹ̀)		Òkìtìpupa	uná
		Ìlàjẹ (Ùlàjẹ)		Mahin	uná
		Oǹdó		Oǹdó	uná
		Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀)		Ọ̀wọ̀ (Ọ̀ghọ̀)	uná
		Usẹn		Usẹn	uná
	Ìtsẹkírì			Ìwẹrẹ	uná
	Olùkùmi			Ugbódù	úná
Proto-Yoruba	Central Yoruba	Èkìtì	Èkìtì	Àdó Èkìtì	ụnọ́
			Àkúrẹ́	Àkúrẹ́	ụnọ́
			Mọ̀bà	Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì	ụnọ́
		Ìjẹ̀ṣà (Ùjẹ̀ṣà)		Iléṣà (Uléṣà)	uná
	Northwest Yoruba	Àwórì		Èbúté Mẹ́tà	iná
		Ẹ̀gbádò		Ìjàká	iná
		Èkó		Èkó	iná
		Ìbàdàn		Ìbàdàn	iná
		Ìbọ̀lọ́		Òṣogbo (Òsogbo)	iná
		Ìlọrin		Ìlọrin	iná
		Oǹkó		Òtù	inẹ́
				Ìwéré Ilé	inẹ́
				Òkèhò	inẹ́
				Ìsẹ́yìn	inẹ́
				Ṣakí	inẹ́
				Tedé	inẹ́
				Ìgbẹ́tì	inẹ́
		Ọ̀yọ́		Ọ̀yọ́	iná
		Standard Yorùbá		Nàìjíríà	iná
				Bɛ̀nɛ̀	iná
	Northeast Yoruba/Okun	Ìyàgbà		Ìsánlú Ìtẹ̀dó	iná
		Owé		Kabba	inọ́
	Ede languages/Southwest Yoruba	Ana		Sokode	iná
		Cábɛ̀ɛ́		Cábɛ̀ɛ́ (Ìdàdú)	unɛ́
				Tchaourou	unɛ́
		Ǹcà (Ìcà, Ìncà)		Baàtɛ	inɔ́
		Ìdàácà	Benin	Igbó Ìdàácà (Dasa Zunmɛ̀)	iná
		Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè	Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí/Ìjè	Ìkpòbɛ́	iná
				Onigbolo	iná
			Kétu/Ànàgó	Kétu	unɔ́
		Ifɛ̀		Akpáré	iná
				Atakpamɛ	iná
				Boko	iná
				Moretan	iná
				Tchetti (Tsɛti, Cɛti)	iná
		Kura		Aledjo-Koura	ɔ́ná
				Awotébi	ɔ́ná
				Partago	ɔ́ná
		Mɔ̄kɔ́lé		Kandi	iná
		Northern Nago		Kambole	iná
				Manigri	iná
	Overseas Yoruba	Lucumí		Havana	iñá
Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo.

Derived terms

• ẹ̀rọ amúnáwá (“generator”)
• ẹ̀rọ amúnáwá alẹ̀fúùfù (“wind turbine”)
• iná adarí ọkọ̀ (“stop light, traffic light”)
• iná mànàmáná (“electricity”)
• paná (“to turn off light, stamp out, quench, put out, dampen, defuse, quell”)
• panápaná (“firefighter”)
• tanná (“to turn on light, fuel, trigger, spark, bloom, kindle, ignite”)

Etymology 2

Cognate with Igala íná

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.nã́/

Noun

iná

1. head lice, lice

   Synonym: iná-orí

Etymology 3

ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ nà (“to beat, to whip”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.nã̀/

Noun

ìnà

1. flogging, whipping

Etymology 4

ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ na (“to stretch”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.nã̄/

Noun

ìna

1. stretching, a stretch

Etymology 5

ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ ná (“to spend (money)”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.nã́/

Noun

ìná

1. expenditure of money, the act of spending (money)

Derived terms

• dúnàádúrà (“to bargain”)
• ìnákúnàá (“wasteful spending”)

Yosondúa Mixtec

Etymology

From Proto-Mixtec *ínà.

Noun

ina

1. dog

References

• Beaty de Farris, Kathryn, et al. (2012) Diccionario básico del mixteco de Yosondúa, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 46)‎^[8] (in Spanish), third edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 10