č

č U+010D, č LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON Composition: c [U+0063] + ◌̌ [U+030C] ← Č [U+010C] Latin Extended-A Ď → [U+010E]

Č

Translingual

Symbol

č

1. (NAPA) a voiceless postalveolar affricate (IPA [t͜ʃ ]).

Czech

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃ]

Letter

č (upper case Č)

1. The fourth letter of the Czech alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, E e, É é, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, P p, Q q, R r, Ř ř, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, Ů ů, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž

Jarai

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʃ/

Letter

č (upper case Č)

1. The sixth letter of the Jarai alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Kabyle

Alternative forms

• tc

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č (upper case Č)

1. The fourth letter of the Kabyle alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) asekkil; A a, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ḍ ḍ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, H h, Ḥ ḥ, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ɣ ɣ, Q q, R r, Ṛ ṛ, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, Ṭ ṭ, U u, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, Ẓ ẓ, Ɛ ɛ

Karelian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č (upper case Č)

1. The third letter of the Karelian alphabet, called čee and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v, Y y, Ä ä, Ö ö, ʼ

Lakota

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃʰ/

Letter

č (upper case Čh)

1. A letter of the Lakota alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a (Á á), Aŋ aŋ (Áŋ áŋ), B b, Č č, Čh čh, Čʼ čʼ, E e (É é), G g, Ǧ ǧ, H h, Ȟ ȟ, Ȟʼ ȟʼ, I i (Í í), Iŋ iŋ (Íŋ íŋ), K k, Kh kh, Kȟ kȟ, Kʼ kʼ, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó), P p, Ph ph, Pȟ pȟ, Pʼ pʼ, S s, Sʼ sʼ, Š š, Šʼ šʼ, T t, Th th, Tȟ tȟ, Tʼ tʼ, U u (Ú ú), Uŋ uŋ (Úŋ úŋ), W w, Y y, Z z, Ž ž, ʼ

Latvian

Etymology

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʃ]

Letter

č (lower case, upper case Č)

1. The fifth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called čē and written in the Latin script.

See also

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č (upper case Č)

1. The fourth letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called čej and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes

A rare letter in Lower Sorbian, found only in loanwords. The sound /t͡ʃ/ is more commonly spelled ⟨tš⟩.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) pismik; A a, B b, C c, Č č, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, J j, K k, Ł ł, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o (Ó ó), P p, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, Ś ś, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ž ž, Ź ź
• (obsolete letters) B́ b́, Ė ė, Ḿ ḿ, Ṅ ṅ, Ṕ ṕ, Ṙ ṙ, ſ, ß, Ꞩ ẜ, Ẃ ẃ, Ẇ ẇ, Ż ż

Lushootseed

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č

1. The seventh letter of the Lushootseed alphabet.

Osage

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͜ʃ/

Letter

č (upper case Č)

1. A letter of the Osage Latin alphabet. Osage script 𐓝.

Romani

Alternative forms

• Tš

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č (lower case, upper case Č)

1. (Pan-Vlax) The fourth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

   Synonym: (International Standard) ć

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• Č (uppercase)

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č (Cyrillic spelling ч)

1. The 4th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by c and followed by ć.

Skolt Sami

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č (upper case Č)

1. The fifth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a,  â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ

Slovak

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č (upper case Č)

1. The sixth letter of the Slovak alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) písmeno; A a, Á á, Ä ä, B b, C c, Č č, D d, Ď ď, Dz dz, Dž dž, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ĺ ĺ, Ľ ľ, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ó ó, Ô ô, P p, Q q, R r, Ŕ ŕ, S s, Š š, T t, Ť ť, U u, Ú ú, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Z z, Ž ž

Further reading

• “č”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Alternative forms

• ɥ (Metelko alphabet, Danjko alphabet)
• zh (Bohorič alphabet)

Etymology

From Gaj's Latin alphabet ć, from Czech alphabet č, from Latin c, a modification of uppercase letter C, from Etruscan 𐌂 (c), from Ancient Greek Γ (G, “Gamma”), from Phoenician 𐤂 (g, “gimel”). Pronunciation as IPA^(key): /t͡ʃə/ is initial Slovene (phoneme plus a fill vowel) and the second pronunciation is probably by analogy of German C from German.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme, standard): IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/, [d͡ʒ]
• (phoneme, dialects with t’–č distinction): IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/, /t͡ɕ/, [d͡ʒ], [d͡ʑ]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /t͡ʃə́/, /t͡ʃéː/, /t͡ʃèː/
• (letter name, linguistics): IPA^(key): /tə̀rdi t͡ʃə́/, /tə̀rdi t͡ʃèː/, /tə̀rdi t͡ʃéː/ (trdi č)
• Rhymes: -ə, -eː

Letter

č (lower case, upper case Č)

1. The fourth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
2. The fifth letter of the Slovene alphabet (Resian), written in the Latin script.
3. The fourth letter of the Slovene alphabet (Natisone Valley dialect), written in the Latin script.

Symbol

č

1. (SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sound [t͡ʃ].

Noun

č m inan

1. The name of the Latin script letter Č / č.
2. (linguistics) The name of the phoneme /t͡ʃ/.

Inflection

• Overall more common

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., soft o-stem
nom. sing.	č
gen. sing.	č-ja
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	č	č-ja	č-ji
genitive (rodȋlnik)	č-ja	č-jev	č-jev
dative (dajȃlnik)	č-ju	č-jema	č-jem
accusative (tožȋlnik)	č	č-ja	č-je
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	č-ju	č-jih	č-jih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	č-jem	č-jema	č-ji

• More common when with a definite adjective

Masculine inan., no endings
nom. sing.	č
gen. sing.	č
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	č	č	č
accusative	č	č	č
genitive	č	č	č
dative	č	č	č
locative	č	č	č
instrumental	č	č	č

See also

• (Latin script letters) Aa, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Vv, Zz, Žž
• č
• ċ

References

Steenwijk, Han (1994) Ortografia resiana = Tö jošt rozajanskë pïsanjë (overall work in Italian and Slovene), Padua: CLEUP

Upper Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃ/

Letter

č (lower case, upper case Č)

1. The fourth letter of the Upper Sorbian alphabet, called čej and written in the Latin script.

See also

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, Č č, Ć ć, D d, Dź dź, E e, Ě ě, F f, G g, H h, Ch ch, I i, J j, K k, Ł ł, L l, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, Ř ř, S s, Š š, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Z z, Ž ž