Y
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Translingual Edit
Etymology Edit
A late borrowing from the Ancient Greek letter Υ (U, “ypsilon”), first used to write Greek loanwords in Latin, derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤅 (w, “waw”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓏲.
Letter Edit
Y (lower case y)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
See also Edit
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter Y): Ýý Ỳỳ Ŷŷ ẙ Ÿÿ Ỹỹ Ẏẏ Ȳȳ Ỷỷ Ỵỵ Ɏɏ Ƴƴ ʏ Yy Ꝡꝡ
Symbol Edit
Y
- (chemistry) Symbol for yttrium
- (metrology) Symbol for prefix yotta-
- (genetics) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for any pyrimidine
- (biochemistry) IUPAC 1-letter abbreviation for tyrosine
- (travel, aviation) The reservation booking designator for the highest level of economy air fare.
- (mathematics, computer science) A Fixed-point combinator; especially Haskell Curry's combinator defined as λ f.(λ x.f (x x)) (λx.f (x x))
Gallery Edit
- Letter styles
-
Uppercase and lowercase versions of Y, in normal and italic type
-
Uppercase and lowercase Y in Fraktur
See also Edit
Other representations of Y:
English Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- (name of letter) IPA(key): /waɪ/
- Rhymes: -aɪ
- Homophones: wye, why (in accents with the wine-whine merger)
Etymology 1 Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y, plural Ys or Y's)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the English alphabet, called wye and written in the Latin script.
- Used for the Greek letter Υ (Y, “upsilon”).
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Noun Edit
Y (plural Ys)
- A figure or mark in the shape of the letter Y.
- A Y-shaped object, such as a railroad fork or a support for a telescope; a wye, a bifurcation.
- (lepidopterology) A moth of the genus Plusia, having markings resembling the letter Y.
Etymology 2 Edit
Abbreviations.
Interjection Edit
Y
- Abbreviation of yes.
Noun Edit
Y (plural Ys)
- Abbreviation of year. (In some contexts as YY or YYYY to indicate only the last 2-digits or all 4-digits.)
Noun Edit
Y
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of year.
Etymology 3 Edit
Clippings.
Proper noun Edit
the Y
- (Canada, US) Clipping of the YMCA or YWCA.
- 2001, Jonathan Franzen, The Corrections:
- He had sat next to Cindy returning from the Y and smelled the chlorine on her. A sodden Band-Aid had clung by a few lingering bits of stickum to her knee.
Noun Edit
Y (plural Ys)
- (Canada, US, informal) A particular facility run by the YMCA/YWCA.
- a. 1969, John Kennedy Toole, A Confederacy of Dunces, Penguin, published 1981, →ISBN:
- Of course, the audience up here at the Bronx “Y” will probably be a little parochial, but if I make good in the lecture, I might one day end up speaking down at the Lex. Ave. “Y” where great thinkers like Norman Mailer and Seymour Krim are always airing their views.
Etymology 4 Edit
See IJ.
Proper noun Edit
Y
- Obsolete form of IJ (“a lake (formerly a bay) adjoining the city of Amsterdam, Netherlands”).
- 1813, William Müller, D. P., Topographical and Military Description of Germany and the Surrounding Country, 2nd edition, London: T. Egerton, pages 4–5:
- Amsterdam, Hol. fortif. on the gulf Y and the Amstel river, 27,000 ho. in the town, nearly as many in the suburbs; 210,000 inh. 1000 rp. 50,000 lm. 6000 sailors; well built, many canals, ground very damp and marshy, very clean streets, […]
Afar Edit
Letter Edit
Y
- The twenty-second and final letter in the Afar alphabet.
See also Edit
Afrikaans Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Afrikaans alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) letter; Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, Ii, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Pp, Qq, Rr, Ss, Tt, Uu, Vv, Ww, Xx, Yy, Zz
Noun Edit
Azerbaijani Edit
Letter Edit
Y upper case (lower case y)
- The thirty-first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Basque Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-sixth letter of the Basque alphabet, called i greko and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes Edit
- Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
See also Edit
Central Franconian Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- /i/, (German-based also) /y/, /yː/
Letter Edit
Y
- A letter in the German-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
- A letter in the Dutch-based alphabet of Central Franconian.
Usage notes Edit
- Only used rarely in loanwords, respectively after the German or Dutch cognate.
Chinese Edit
Pronunciation 1 Edit
Letter Edit
Y
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Latin alphabet.
Pronunciation 2 Edit
Letter Edit
Y
- The twenty-fifth letter used in Pinyin.
Usage notes Edit
- 《汉语拼音方案》 defines a standard pronunciation for each letter. However, these pronunciations are rarely used in education; another pronunciation is commonly used instead.
- The pronunciation above are only used while referring to letters in Pinyin. They are not used in other context (such as English).
Dutch Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (capital, lowercase y)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Dutch alphabet.
See also Edit
Finnish Edit
Etymology Edit
The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on Swedish, German and Latin. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and Y for development of the glyph itself. In particular, the use of ⟨y⟩ for /y/ follows the Swedish orthography, which in turn follows Latin.
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called yy and written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
German Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- (letter name) IPA(key): /ˈʏpsilɔn/
Audio (file)
- (phoneme)
- In Greek words generally /ʏ/, /yː/, but in unstressed syllables alternatively /i/ (e.g. in poly-).
- In other borrowings, e.g. from English, /j/, /ɪ/, /iː/, /aɪ̯/, etc.
- Natively only in proper nouns, mostly in -ay-, -ey-, both pronounced /aɪ̯/.
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the German alphabet.
Hungarian Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- A letter of the extended Hungarian alphabet, called ipszilon and written in the Latin script.
Declension Edit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | Y | Y-ok |
accusative | Y-t | Y-okat |
dative | Y-nak | Y-oknak |
instrumental | Y-nal | Y-okkal |
causal-final | Y-ért | Y-okért |
translative | Y-ná | Y-okká |
terminative | Y-ig | Y-okig |
essive-formal | Y-ként | Y-okként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | Y-ban | Y-okban |
superessive | Y-on | Y-okon |
adessive | Y-nál | Y-oknál |
illative | Y-ba | Y-okba |
sublative | Y-ra | Y-okra |
allative | Y-hoz | Y-okhoz |
elative | Y-ból | Y-okból |
delative | Y-ról | Y-okról |
ablative | Y-tól | Y-októl |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
Y-é | Y-oké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
Y-éi | Y-okéi |
Possessive forms of Y | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | Y-om | Y-aim Y-jaim |
2nd person sing. | Y-od | Y-aid Y-jaid |
3rd person sing. | Y-a Y-ja |
Y-ai Y-jai |
1st person plural | Y-unk | Y-aink Y-jaink |
2nd person plural | Y-otok | Y-aitok Y-jaitok |
3rd person plural | Y-uk Y-juk |
Y-aik Y-jaik |
Derived terms Edit
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Ido Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (lower case y)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Italian Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- (letter name) IPA(key): /i‿ɡˈɡrɛ.ka/, /i‿ɡˈɡrɛ.ko/, /ˈi.psi.lon/[1]
- Rhymes: -ipsilon
- (phonemic realization) IPA(key): /j/, /i/ (varies depending on the loanword)
Letter Edit
Y f or m (invariable, upper case, lower case y)
- the twenty-fifth letter of the Latin alphabet, called ipsilon, i greco or i greca in Italian
Usage notes Edit
- The letter Y is not considered part of the Italian alphabet. It is found mainly in loanwords.
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) lettera; A a (À à), B b, C c, D d, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, J j, K k), L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù), V v (W w, X x, Y y), Z z
- Italian alphabet on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
References Edit
- ^ Y in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Kashubian Edit
Etymology Edit
The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and Y for development of the glyph itself.
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The thirty-first letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Lower Sorbian Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (lower case y)
- The thirty-first letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called y and written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Malay Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Nupe Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-eighth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Polish Edit
Etymology Edit
The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and Y for development of the glyph itself.
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-ninth letter of the Polish alphabet, called y or igrek and written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Portuguese Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ã ã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Noun Edit
Y m (plural Ys)
- fork (area where something forks)
- Synonyms: forquilha, bifurcação, ramificação
Romanian Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The thirtieth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called igrec or i grec and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes Edit
Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
See also Edit
Saanich Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y
- The thirty-seventh letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Silesian Edit
Etymology Edit
The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and Y for development of the glyph itself.
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The thirty-first letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Somali Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y upper case (lower case y)
- The twenty-second letter of the Somali alphabet, called ya and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes Edit
- The twenty-second letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by H and followed by A.
See also Edit
Spanish Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- the 26th letter of the Spanish alphabet
Tagalog Edit
Etymology Edit
From Spanish Y. Each pronunciation has a different source:
- Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English Y.
- Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜌ (ya).
- Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish Y.
Pronunciation Edit
- Hyphenation: Y
- (letter name, Filipino alphabet): IPA(key): /waj/, [waɪ̯]
- (letter name, Abakada alphabet): IPA(key): /ja/, [jɐ]
- (letter name, Abecedario): IPA(key): /ˈje/, [ˈjɛ]
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /j/, [j]
- (phoneme, used as a vowel): IPA(key): /i/, [ɪ]
- Rhymes: -aj, -a, -e
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y, Baybayin spelling ᜏᜌ᜔)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Filipino alphabet), called way and written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) titik; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, Ng ng, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y, Baybayin spelling ᜌ)
- The twentieth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abakada alphabet), called ya and written in the Latin script.
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y, Baybayin spelling ᜌᜒ)
- (historical) The twenty-seventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abecedario), called ye and written in the Latin script.
Further reading Edit
- “Y”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2018
Turkish Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-eighth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ye and written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
Vietnamese Edit
Pronunciation Edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [ʔi˧˧ zaːj˨˩], [ʔi˧˧ ɣəː˨˩ zɛt̚˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʔɪj˧˧ jaːj˦˩], [ʔɪj˧˧ ɣəː˦˩ ʐɛt̚˦˧˥]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʔɪj˧˧ jaːj˨˩], [ʔɪj˧˧ ɣəː˨˩ ɹɛk̚˦˥]
- Phonetic: i dài, i gờ rét
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-ninth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called i dài or i gờ-rét and written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
- (Quốc ngữ letters) chữ cái; A a (À à, Ả ả, Ã ã, Á á, Ạ ạ), Ă ă (Ằ ằ, Ẳ ẳ, Ẵ ẵ, Ắ ắ, Ặ ặ), Â â (Ầ ầ, Ẩ ẩ, Ẫ ẫ, Ấ ấ, Ậ ậ), B b, C c (Ch ch), D d, Đ đ, E e (È è, Ẻ ẻ, Ẽ ẽ, É é, Ẹ ẹ), Ê ê (Ề ề, Ể ể, Ễ ễ, Ế ế, Ệ ệ), G g (Gh gh, Gi gi), H h, I i (Ì ì, Ỉ ỉ, Ĩ ĩ, Í í, Ị ị), K k (Kh kh), L l, M m, N n (Ng ng, Ngh ngh, Nh nh), O o (Ò ò, Ỏ ỏ, Õ õ, Ó ó, Ọ ọ), Ô ô (Ồ ồ, Ổ ổ, Ỗ ỗ, Ố ố, Ộ ộ), Ơ ơ (Ờ ờ, Ở ở, Ỡ ỡ, Ớ ớ, Ợ ợ), P p (Ph ph), Q q (Qu qu), R r, S s, T t (Th th, Tr tr), U u (Ù ù, Ủ ủ, Ũ ũ, Ú ú, Ụ ụ), Ư ư (Ừ ừ, Ử ử, Ữ ữ, Ứ ứ, Ự ự), V v, X x, Y y (Ỳ ỳ, Ỷ ỷ, Ỹ ỹ, Ý ý, Ỵ ỵ)
Welsh Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-ninth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called e and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by W.
Mutation Edit
- Y cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word ysgol (“school; ladder”):
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
ysgol | unchanged | unchanged | hysgol |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) llythyren; A a (Á á, À à, Â â, Ä ä), B b, C c, Ch ch, D d, Dd dd, E e (É é, È è, Ê ê, Ë ë), F f, Ff ff, G g, Ng ng, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Î î, Ï ï), J j, L l, Ll ll, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ô ô, Ö ö), P p, Ph ph, R r, Rh rh, S s, T t, Th th, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Û û, Ü ü), W w (Ẃ ẃ, Ẁ ẁ, Ŵ ŵ, Ẅ ẅ), Y y (Ý ý, Ỳ ỳ, Ŷ ŷ, Ÿ ÿ)
Further reading Edit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “Y”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Yoruba Edit
Pronunciation Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called yí and written in the Latin script.
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
Zulu Edit
Letter Edit
Y (upper case, lower case y)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.