v
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TranslingualEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Minuscule variation of Latin V, from seventh century Old Latin adoption of Old Italic letter 𐌖 (V), from Ancient Greek letter Υ (Y, “Upsilon”).
LetterEdit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin script): Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Sſs Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
- (Variations of letter V): Ṽṽ Ṿṿ Ʋʋ ᶌᶌ ⱱ ⱴ ᴠ Vv Ꜹꜹ Ꜻꜻ Ww Ꝡꝡ
- (select symbols) ʌ ʋ ᵥ
- (other scripts) Cyrillic в (v, “ve”), Greek υ (y, “upsilon”), Hebrew ו (w, “vav”)
- v on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Etymology 2Edit
Lower case form of upper case roman numeral V, from abbreviation of IIIIΛ or IIIIV (representing 5), from tally stick markings resembling \\\\⋁ or ////⋌, from the practice of designating each fifth notch with a double cut, like the corresponding Western tally mark, .
Alternative formsEdit
NumeralEdit
v (lower case Roman numeral, upper case V)
See alsoEdit
- Previous: iv (4)
- Next: vi (6)
- Roman numerals
Etymology 3Edit
PronunciationEdit
IPA (file)
SymbolEdit
|
v
- (physics) velocity
- (phonetics) used in the International Phonetic Alphabet and in several romanization systems of non-Latin scripts to represent a voiced labiodental fricative (/v/).
GalleryEdit
- Letter styles
-
Uppercase and lowercase versions of V, in normal and italic type
-
Uppercase and lowercase V in Fraktur
See alsoEdit
Other representations of V:
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English lower case letter v (also written u), from Old English lower case u and respelling of Old English f between vowels and voiced consonants.
- Old English lower case f from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case f of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚠ (f, “feoh”), derived from Etruscan letter 𐌅 (v).
- Old English lower case u from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case v of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚢ (u, “ur”), derived from Raetic letter u.
Before the 1700s, the pointed form v was written at the beginning of a word, while a rounded form u was used elsewhere, regardless of sound. So whereas valor and excuse appeared as in modern printing, have and upon were printed haue and vpon. Eventually, in the 1700s, to differentiate between the consonant and vowel sounds, the v form was used to represent the consonant, and u the vowel sound. v then preceded u in the alphabet, but the order has since reversed.
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V, plural vs or v's)
- The twenty-second letter of the English alphabet, called vee and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z
NounEdit
- a shape resembling the letter v
- The impact was so strong, it bent the bar into a v.
Etymology 2Edit
Clipping of versus.
PrepositionEdit
v
- (UK and Commonwealth except Canada, Ireland) Abbreviation of versus.
Usage notesEdit
- In legal contexts, usage is typically restricted to case citations, and the pronunciation may be as versus, vee, against, or and, depending on the region and nature of the case.
Etymology 3Edit
Clipping of very.
AdverbEdit
v
- (informal, text messaging) Clipping of very.
- You were acting v rude to his boyfriend on New Year's.
- 2007, Dyan Sheldon, Deep and Meaningful Diaries from Planet Janet, Somerville, MA: Candlewick Press, →ISBN, page 253:
- I said it wasn't a crush, I just thought he was v attractive.
- 2019 July 23, Matt Galea, “Punters Reckon Ashley Benson's New Tatt Is A Tribute To Girlfriend Cara Delevingne”, in Pedestrian[2], archived from the original on July 23, 2019:
- Since becoming social media official, Cara Delevingne and Ashley Benson have been sashaying around town together and being v cute
Etymology 4Edit
Abbreviations.
v
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of of.
- (stenoscript) Abbreviation of very.
- (stenoscript) the suffix or final syllable -tive or -ive
AzerbaijaniEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v lower case (upper case V)
- The thirtieth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
BasqueEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-third letter of the Basque alphabet, called uve and written in the Latin script.
Usage notesEdit
- Used chiefly in recent loanwords and foreign proper nouns.
See alsoEdit
CatalanEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /v/, IPA(key): /b/
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ve/, IPA(key): /be/ (spelled ve); IPA(key): /veˈβaʃə/, IPA(key): /beˈβaʃə/ (spelled ve baixa)
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Catalan alphabet, called ve and written in the Latin script.
CzechEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Old Czech v, from Proto-Slavic *vъ(n) , from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥.
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
v
- in (inside, for an enclosed space) (followed by the locative case)
- On je v divadle. ― He is in the theater.
- at (indicating time) (followed by the accusative case)
- v šest hodin ― at six o'clock
- on (indicating a day) (followed by the accusative case)
- v pátek ― on Friday
- in (indicating a year) (followed by the locative case)
- v roce 2007 ― in the year 2007
- in (indicating a month) (followed by the locative case)
- v lednu ― in January
- in (used after certain verbs) (followed by the accusative case)
- věřit v Boha ― to believe in God
Usage notesEdit
- The more usual form is v, while ve is used before words starting with f, v, w and certain consonant clusters
SynonymsEdit
Further readingEdit
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Dutch alphabet.
See alsoEdit
EsperantoEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called vo and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
FaroeseEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called ve and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
FinnishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Finnish alphabet, called vee and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö
NounEdit
v
- Abbreviation of vuosi.
- Abbreviation of -vuotias.
FrenchEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- the twenty-second letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet
- 1837, Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manchefr.Wikisource, translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Volume I, Chapter I:
- Lui cherchant alors un nom qui ne s’écartât pas trop du sien, qui sentît et représentât la grande dame et la princesse, il vint à l’appeler Dulcinée du Toboso, parce qu’elle était native de ce village : nom harmonieux à son avis, rare et distingué, et non moins expressif que tous ceux qu’il avait donnés à son équipage et à lui-même.
- Through searching himself thus for a name that did not diverge too much from his own, that would suit and represent the great lady and princess, he came to call her Dulcinea del Toboso, because she was a native of this village [Toboso]: a name in his opinion harmonious, rare and distinguished, and no less expressive than all the ones that he had given to his team and to himself.
HungarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The thirty-eighth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called vé and written in the Latin script.
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | v | v-k |
accusative | v-t | v-ket |
dative | v-nek | v-knek |
instrumental | v-vel | v-kkel |
causal-final | v-ért | v-kért |
translative | v-vé | v-kké |
terminative | v-ig | v-kig |
essive-formal | v-ként | v-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | v-ben | v-kben |
superessive | v-n | v-ken |
adessive | v-nél | v-knél |
illative | v-be | v-kbe |
sublative | v-re | v-kre |
allative | v-hez | v-khez |
elative | v-ből | v-kből |
delative | v-ről | v-kről |
ablative | v-től | v-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
v-é | v-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
v-éi | v-kéi |
Possessive forms of v | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | v-m | v-im |
2nd person sing. | v-d | v-id |
3rd person sing. | v-je | v-i |
1st person plural | v-nk | v-ink |
2nd person plural | v-tek | v-itek |
3rd person plural | v-jük | v-ik |
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further readingEdit
- v in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
IcelandicEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-sixth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
IdoEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
ItalianEdit
LetterEdit
v f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case V)
- The twentieth letter of the Italian alphabet, called vu or vi and written in the Latin script.
JapaneseEdit
Punctuation markEdit
v
SynonymsEdit
ReferencesEdit
LatinEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- u (post-Classical)
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- v in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “v”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
LatvianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The thirty-first letter of the Latvian alphabet, called vē and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
LivonianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (upper case V)
- The thirty-seventh letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
MalayEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
MalteseEdit
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): /v/
- IPA(key): /f/ (by final devoicing or assimilation to a following voiceless obstruent)
- With very few exceptions, this letter occurs only in borrowings.
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-sixth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
MandarinEdit
LetterEdit
v
- Nonstandard form of ü.
Usage notesEdit
⟨v⟩ is sometimes used as a substitute for ⟨ü⟩ in Hanyu Pinyin-based input systems. As a result, it occasionally appears in print as well, though this is nonstandard.
MapudungunEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (upper case V)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Mapudungun alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, Ch ch, D d, E e, F f, G g, I i, Ï ï, K k, L l, Ll ll, Ḻ ḻ, M m, N n, Ng ng, Ñ ñ, Ṉ ṉ, O o, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, Tr tr, Ṯ ṯ, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y
There are multiple alphabets for writing Mapudungun. The letters that are not in brackets are from the unified alphabet, while the ones in brackets are from the four other alphabets.
Middle FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
LetterEdit
v
Usage notesEdit
- u and v were represented by a single character in Middle French, although scholars consider them to be separate letters both in terms of usage and in terms of pronunciation.
NorwegianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v
- The 22nd letter of the Norwegian alphabet.
NupeEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-sixth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
Old CzechEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *vъ(n) , from Proto-Indo-European *h₁n̥.
PrepositionEdit
v
- in (inside, for an enclosed space) (followed by the locative case)
- in (used after certain verbs) (followed by the accusative case)
- vyjěti v boj ― go into battle
DescendantsEdit
- Czech: v
Further readingEdit
- “v”, in Vokabulář webový: webové hnízdo pramenů k poznání historické češtiny [online], Praha: Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR, 2006–2023
PortugueseEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Portuguese alphabet, called vê and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
RomaniEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- (International Standard) The twenty-ninth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
- (Pan-Vlax) The thirtieth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
RomanianEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Romanian alphabet, called ve or vî and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
Serbo-CroatianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- (uppercase) V
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (Cyrillic spelling в)
- The 28th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by u and followed by z.
- Obsolete form of u.
PrepositionEdit
v (Cyrillic spelling в)
- (Kajkavian) (+ locative case) in, at
- (Kajkavian) (+ accusative case) to, into
- (Kajkavian) (+ accusative case) on, in, at, during (in expressions concerning time)
- (Kajkavian) (+ locative case) in, during (in expressions concerning time)
SynonymsEdit
Skolt SamiEdit
PronunciationEdit
LetterEdit
v (upper case V)
- The thirty-second letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
SloveneEdit
Etymology 1Edit
LetterEdit
v
- The twenty-third letter of the Slovene alphabet, called ve and written in the Latin script.
Alternative formsEdit
- (uppercase) V
See alsoEdit
- (Latin-script letters) čŕka; A a, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Slavic *vъ(n).
PronunciationEdit
PrepositionEdit
v
- (answering question where) (with locative) in, inside, at
- (answering question where to) (with accusative) to, into
- (indicating a day) (with accusative) on, in, at, during (in expressions concerning time)
- (indicating a month or period of time) (with locative) in, during
- V tem aprilu je veliko deževalo. ― During this april it was raining a lot.
- V petih letih ni padla niti kapljica dežja. ― Within five years not even a droplet of rain has fallen.
Further readingEdit
- “v”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
SpanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): (phoneme) /b/
- IPA(key): (letter name) /ˈbe/ [ˈbe] (traditional, spelled ve), /ˈube/ [ˈu.β̞e] (common in most countries, spelled uve)
- (common in some countries)
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- the twenty-third (23rd) letter of the Spanish alphabet
Usage notesEdit
The common letter names, as well as phrases like ve de vaca are used to distinguish the letter v from the letter b. This is done because the two letters represent a single phoneme in modern Spanish, causing their traditional names be and ve both to be pronounced as /ˈbe/.
See alsoEdit
TurkishEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ve and written in the Latin script.
See alsoEdit
ZuluEdit
LetterEdit
v (lower case, upper case V)
- The twenty-second letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.