益
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Translingual
editAlternative forms
edit- In Korean hanja, the upper component of the character is written 八 instead of 丷, which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
- A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at
U+FA17
for the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary which contains 八 as its upper component. - A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at
U+FAA6
for the alternative hanja used in North Korea which contains 丷 as its upper component.
Han character
edit益 (Kangxi radical 108, 皿+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 廿金月廿 (TCBT), four-corner 80107, composition ⿳䒑八皿(GHTJV or U+FAA6
) or ⿱⿳八一八皿(K or U+FA17
))
Derived characters
edit- 𪝞, 𭂚, 𭄷, 嗌, 塧, 㜋, 𡺬, 𭛃, 𭛽, 𪬘, 搤, 溢, 獈, 隘, 膉, 榏, 㱲, 𬎃, 䅬, 𮄷, 縊(缢), 𬙻, 𫆌, 艗, 螠, 謚(谥), 貖, 賹, 𬦜, 𬧬, 𨢘, 㬲, 𡒪, 鎰(镒), 𥂺, 𤐹, 𩝱, 𪤴, 𪕶, 齸, 𥃠
- 𪟢, 𨜶, 𣣼, 𬐭, 䚊, 𭘺, 𩔱, 𭾓, 鷁(鹢), 𧔈, 蠲, 𨽪, 𭗆, 𦶩, 𤸸, 𨶂, 𦿯
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 793, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22972
- Dae Jaweon: page 1208, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2560, character 6
- Unihan data for U+76CA
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
益 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𠍳 ancient form |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 益 | |
---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 水 (“water”) + 皿 (“vessel”). Original form of 溢 (OC *liɡ, “to overflow”). Upper component resembles 氺 (“water”) in a horizontal form.
Compare 易.
Etymology
editBodman (1980) relates it to Tibetan སྐྱེད (skyed, “growth; increase; profit; to generate”), སྐྱེ (skye, “to be born”).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yi2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йи (yi, III)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): it6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ieh4
- Northern Min (KCR): ĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): ék
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7iq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yì
- Wade–Giles: i4
- Yale: yì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yi2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: i
- Sinological IPA (key): /i²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йи (yi, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jik1
- Yale: yīk
- Cantonese Pinyin: jik7
- Guangdong Romanization: yig1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɪk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yet2
- Sinological IPA (key): /jet̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: it6
- Sinological IPA (key): /it̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yit
- Hakka Romanization System: idˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yid5
- Sinological IPA: /it̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yit
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)idˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yid5
- Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ieh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /iəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /i²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ék
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɛiʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
- Tâi-lô: ik
- Phofsit Daibuun: eg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
- Tâi-lô: iak
- Phofsit Daibuun: iag
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /iak̚⁵/
- iah - vernacular;
- iak/ek - literary.
- Middle Chinese: 'jiek
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*q[i]k/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qleɡ/
Definitions
edit益
- (obsolete) Original form of 溢 (yì, “to overflow”).
- (literary) affluent; well-off
- to increase; to add; to cause gain
- 為學日益,為道日損。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Tao Te Ching, 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Wéixué rì yì, wéidào rì sǔn. [Pinyin]
- He who devotes himself to learning seeks from day to day to increase; he who devotes himself to the Dao seeks from day to day to diminish.
为学日益,为道日损。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- profit; benefit; gain
- (literary) more; further; even more
- 日益 ― rìyì ― day by day; increasingly
- 42nd hexagram of the I Ching
- (Cantonese) to benefit; to advantage
Synonyms
edit- (more):
- 力更 (liao2 gêng3) (Teochew)
- 加二 (1ka-gni) (Wu)
- 加偌 (Hokkien)
- 又加 (6yi-ka) (Wu)
- 又閣較/又阁较 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 彌/弥 (literary)
- 愈 (yù)
- 愈加 (yùjiā)
- 愈發/愈发 (yùfā)
- 愈益 (yùyì)
- 更 (gèng)
- 更加 (gèngjiā)
- 更見/更见 (gen4 jian4) (Sichuanese)
- 益發/益发 (yìfā)
- 罔 (muōng) (Eastern Min)
- 越
- 越加 (yuèjiā)
- 越發/越发 (yuèfā)
- 重 (Cantonese)
- 閣較/阁较 (Hokkien)
Compounds
edit- 一謙四益/一谦四益
- 三益
- 不無小益/不无小益
- 伯益
- 便益
- 保險利益/保险利益
- 兌換利益/兑换利益
- 公益 (gōngyì)
- 公益事業/公益事业 (gōngyì shìyè)
- 公益廣告/公益广告 (gōngyì guǎnggào)
- 公益捐
- 公益軟體/公益软体
- 公益金 (gōngyìjīn)
- 公賣利益/公卖利益
- 共益權/共益权
- 冇益
- 利益 (lìyì)
- 利益團體/利益团体 (lìyì tuántǐ)
- 利益均霑/利益均沾
- 利益輸送/利益输送
- 助益 (zhùyì)
- 受益 (shòuyì)
- 受益人 (shòuyìrén)
- 受益憑證/受益凭证
- 受益無窮/受益无穷
- 受益費/受益费
- 同益 (Tóngyì)
- 增益 (zēngyì)
- 多多益善 (duōduōyìshàn)
- 多多益辦/多多益办
- 大有助益
- 延年益壽/延年益寿 (yánniányìshòu)
- 徒勞無益/徒劳无益
- 徒費無益/徒费无益
- 得益 (déyì)
- 損上益下/损上益下
- 損人益己/损人益己
- 損益/损益 (sǔnyì)
- 收益 (shōuyì)
- 收益稅/收益税
- 效益 (xiàoyì)
- 教益 (jiàoyì)
- 文益
- 斟酌損益/斟酌损益
- 新益 (Xīnyì)
- 既得利益 (jìdé lìyì)
- 日增月益
- 日滋月益
- 日益 (rìyì)
- 日益壯大/日益壮大
- 日益月滋
- 曾益 (zēngyì)
- 有損無益/有损无益
- 有益 (yǒuyì)
- 本益比
- 李益
- 業主權益/业主权益
- 權益/权益 (quányì)
- 欲益反損/欲益反损
- 毗益
- 求益反損/求益反损
- 治絲益棼/治丝益棼
- 潤益/润益
- 無益/无益 (wúyì)
- 營業利益/营业利益
- 獨享權益/独享权益
- 獲益/获益 (huòyì)
- 獲益不淺/获益不浅
- 獲益匪淺/获益匪浅 (huòyìfěiqiǎn)
- 獲益良多/获益良多 (huòyìliángduō)
- 益上損下/益上损下
- 益友 (yìyǒu)
- 益古演段
- 益壽/益寿 (yìshòu)
- 益壽延年/益寿延年 (yìshòuyánnián)
- 益州 (Yìzhōu)
- 益智 (yìzhì)
- 益智圖/益智图
- 益智班
- 益格
- 益母草 (yìmǔcǎo)
- 益氣/益气 (yìqì)
- 益氣生津/益气生津
- 益無忌憚/益无忌惮
- 益發/益发 (yìfā)
- 益者三友
- 益者三樂/益者三乐
- 益處/益处 (yìchù)
- 益蟲/益虫 (yìchóng)
- 益謙虧盈/益谦亏盈
- 益鳥/益鸟 (yìniǎo)
- 相得益彰 (xiāngdéyìzhāng)
- 私益
- 窮且益堅/穷且益坚
- 窮當益堅/穷当益坚
- 精益求精 (jīngyìqiújīng)
- 純益/纯益
- 老當益壯/老当益壮 (lǎodāngyìzhuàng)
- 股東權益/股东权益
- 能源效益
- 自益權/自益权
- 良師益友/良师益友 (liángshīyìyǒu)
- 良朋益友
- 裒多益寡
- 補益/补益 (bǔyì)
- 裨益 (bìyì)
- 請益/请益
- 謙受益/谦受益
- 買菜求益/买菜求益
- 進益/进益 (jìnyì)
- 邊際利益/边际利益
- 錢謙益/钱谦益
- 開卷有益/开卷有益 (kāijuànyǒuyì)
- 附益 (fùyì)
- 集思廣益/集思广益 (jísīguǎngyì)
- 饒益/饶益
- 黈益
Descendants
editOthers:
- → Thai: อีก (ìik, “again, (do something) more”)
References
edit- “益”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
editShinjitai | 益 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
益 益 or 益+ ︀ ?
|
|
益󠄁 益+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
益󠄃 益+ 󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
edit(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 益)
Readings
edit- Go-on: やく (yaku, Jōyō †)
- Kan-on: えき (eki, Jōyō)
- Kun: ます (masu, 益す); ますます (masumasu, 益)
- Nanori: あり (ari); すすむ (susumu); のり (nori); まし (mashi); ます (masu); また (mata); み (mi); みつ (mitsu); やす (yasu); よし (yoshi)
Etymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
益 |
えき Grade: 5 |
kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 益 (MC 'jiek, “increase”). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editDerived terms
editEtymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
益 |
やく Grade: 5 |
goon |
From Middle Chinese 益 (MC 'jiek, “increase”). The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editDerived terms
editEtymology 3
editKanji in this term |
---|
益 |
ますます Grade: 5 |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 益 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 益, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
edit- ^ “益”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
editHanja
editCompounds
editVietnamese
editHan character
edit益: Hán Việt readings: ích (
益: Nôm readings: ích[1][2][4][6], ịch[3][5]
Compounds
editReferences
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