病
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TranslingualEdit
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Han characterEdit
病 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大一人月 (KMOB), four-corner 00127, composition ⿸疒丙)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 772, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22127
- Dae Jaweon: page 1182, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2664, character 13
- Unihan data for U+75C5
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
病 | |
|---|---|---|
| 2nd round simp. | 疒 | |
Glyph originEdit
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 更 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋs |
| 粳 | *kraːŋ |
| 埂 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋʔ |
| 浭 | *kraːŋ |
| 稉 | *kraːŋ |
| 梗 | *kraːŋʔ |
| 哽 | *kraːŋʔ |
| 綆 | *kraːŋʔ |
| 鯁 | *kraːŋʔ |
| 挭 | *kraːŋʔ |
| 骾 | *kraːŋʔ |
| 郠 | *kraːŋʔ |
| 硬 | *ŋɡraːŋs, *ŋɡraːŋs |
| 鞕 | *ŋɡraːŋs |
| 丙 | *pqraŋʔ |
| 炳 | *praŋʔ |
| 邴 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
| 怲 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
| 苪 | *praŋʔ |
| 蛃 | *praŋʔ |
| 昺 | *praŋʔ |
| 昞 | *praŋʔ |
| 窉 | *praŋʔ |
| 柄 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
| 鈵 | *praŋs |
| 寎 | *praŋs |
| 病 | *braŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *braŋs): semantic 疒 (“sickness”) + phonetic 丙 (OC *pqraŋʔ) – illness. Note that 丙 also means “fire”, hence connotations of “lying feverishly in bed”.
EtymologyEdit
Cognate with 怲 (OC *praŋʔ, *praŋs, “to worry”) (Schuessler, 2007). This may be part of larger word family including 炳 (OC *praŋʔ, “bright”) with the basic meaning of “warm; hot” (ibid.). It has also been connected with 傷 (OC *hljaŋ) (Unger, 1986).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
病
- illness; sickness; disease
- evil; ill
- fault; flaw
- to fall ill; to be sick; to be ill
- to worry; to be anxious
- 子曰：「君子病無能焉，不病人之不己知也。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zǐ yuē: “Jūnzǐ bìng wúnéng yān, bù bìng rén zhī bù jǐ zhī yě.” [Pinyin]
- The Master said, "The superior man is distressed by his lack of ability. He is not distressed by men's not knowing him."
子曰：“君子病无能焉，不病人之不己知也。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to criticize; to denounce
SynonymsEdit
- (illness):
- (to fall ill):
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 病
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DescendantsEdit
- → Zhuang: bingh
ReferencesEdit
- “病”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
病
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: びょう (byō, Jōyō)←びやう (byau, historical)
- Kan-on: へい (hei, Jōyō †)
- Kun: やむ (yamu, 病む, Jōyō); やまい (yamai, 病, Jōyō)←やまひ (yamafi, 病, historical); うれい (urei, 病)←うれひ (urefi, 病, historical)
CompoundsEdit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 病 |
| やまい Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
/yamapi/ → */yamawi/ → /yamai/
連用形 (ren'yōkei) of Old Japanese verb 病まふ (yamafu, “to suffer from a disease”), a compound of 病ま (yama), the 未然形 (mizenkei) of 病む (yamu, “to fall ill, to become sick”), + auxiliary verb ふ (fu, indicating repetition or ongoing state).
NounEdit
- disease, illness
- 彼は病を患った。
- Kare wa yamai o wazuratta.
- He is affected with disease.
- 彼は病を患った。
- a bad habit
- 彼は人の物をとる病がある。
- Kare wa hito no mono o toru yamai ga aru.
- He is light-fingered.
- 彼は人の物をとる病がある。
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle Chinese 病 (MC bˠiæŋH, “disease, illness”).
SuffixEdit
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
病: Hán Nôm readings: bệnh, bạnh, nạch, bịnh
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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