Wiktionary

己

See also: 乙, 已, and 巳
己 U+5DF1, 己
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DF1
← 巰
[U+5DF0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 已 →
[U+5DF2]
⼰ U+2F30, ⼰
KANGXI RADICAL ONESELF
← ⼯
[U+2F2F] 		Kangxi Radicals ⼱ →
[U+2F31]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 49 己

己 (Kangxi radical 49, 己+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸山 (SU), four-corner 17717, composition ⿳𠃍一乚)

  1. Kangxi radical #49, ⼰.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №518

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

Further readingEdit

Chinese Wikisource has digitized text of the Kangxi Dictionary entry for 己:

Wikisource


  • KangXi: page 326, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8742
  • Dae Jaweon: page 630, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 983, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5DF1

BaekjeEdit

NounEdit

己 (*kɨ) (Nihon shoki 基 or 紀)

  1. walled settlement
    Synonyms: 忽 (hwər), サシ (casI)

DescendantsEdit

  • → Old Japanese: 城 (ki2)
    • Japanese: 城 (ki)

ReferencesEdit

  • John Bentley (2000), “New Look at Paekche and Korean: Data from Nihon shoki”, in Language Research‎[1], volume 36, issue 2, Seoul National University, pages 417—443
  • Alexander Vovin (2005), “Koguryo and Paekche: Different Languages or Dialects of Old Korean?”, in Journal of Inner and East Asian Studies, volume 2, issue 2, Koguryo Research Foundation, pages 108—140
  • Alexander Vovin (2013), “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎[2], volume 15, issue 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 222—240

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 己
alternative forms 𢀒
 
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Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 己
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         
Characters in the same phonetic series (己) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
改 *klɯːʔ
跽 *ɡrɯʔ
己 *kɯʔ
紀 *kɯʔ
妀 *kɯʔ
記 *kɯs
杞 *kʰɯʔ
屺 *kʰɯʔ
芑 *kʰɯʔ
邔 *kʰɯʔ, *ɡɯs
玘 *kʰɯʔ
忌 *ɡɯs
鵋 *ɡɯs
誋 *ɡɯs
梞 *ɡɯs

Pictogram (象形) – silk rope for binding objects. Original form of 紀 (OC *kɯʔ). The character must not be confused with 已 and 巳.

EtymologyEdit

Unknown (Schuessler, 2007).

PronunciationEdit

Note: kī - vernacular, kí - literary.
Note: gi7 - used in 家己.
Rime
Character 己
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɨX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kɨX/
Li
Rong 		/kiəX/
Wang
Li 		/kĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gei2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 己 己
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jǐ jǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kiX › ‹ kiX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k(r)əʔ/ /*k(r)əʔ/
English 6th heavenly stem self

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 己
Reading # 1/1
No. 5765
Phonetic
component 		己
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*kɯʔ/

DefinitionsEdit

己

  1. self; oneself
  2. personal; private
  3. the sixth of the ten heavenly stems
  4. a surname

Coordinate termsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 己

DescendantsEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

己

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. itself, oneself

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

Usage notesEdit

Used in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE) as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨i⟩, ⟨ko2⟩, and ⟨go2⟩.

Etymology 1Edit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
己
き
Grade: 6
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 己 (MC kɨX).

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

己(き) • (Ki) 

  1. the sixth of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernym: 十干 (Jikkan)
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
己
つちのと
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Originally a compound of 土 (tsuchi, “earth”, one of the Chinese five elements) +‎ の (no, possessive particle) +‎ 弟 (oto, “younger brother”).

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

己(つちのと) • (Tsuchinoto) 

  1. the sixth of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernym: 十干 (Jikkan)

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
己
おのれ
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

From 己 (ono, reflexive or first-person pronoun, see below) +‎ れ (re, “thing”, demonstrative nominalizer ending).

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

己(おのれ) • (onore) 

  1. reflexive pronoun: oneself
  2. first-person pronoun: I, me
  3. second-person pronoun: you (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    Synonyms: お前 (omae), 貴様 (kisama)
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
See alsoEdit
Classical Japanese pronouns and demonstratives
a-/wa-
“I, we”
(first person) 		na-/-ma-
“you, ye, thou”
(second person) 		k-
“this”
(close to speaker) 		s-
“that”
(close to listener) 		a-/ka-
“that over there”
(far from both) 		i-/ta-/nani-
“who, what, where, how, when”
(interrogative) 		ono-
“oneself”
(reflexive)
Person あ (a)
あれ (are)
わ (wa)
われ (ware)
まろ (maro) 		な (na)
なれ (nare)
なんぢ (nanji)
まし (mashi)
いまし (imashi)
みまし (mimashi)
きみ (kimi) 		こ (ko)
これ (kore) 		そ (so)
それ (sore) 		あ (a)
あれ (are)
か (ka)
かれ (kare) 		た (ta)
たれ (tare)
なにがし (nanigashi) 		おの (ono)
おのれ (onore)
Thing こ (ko)
これ (kore) 		そ (so)
それ (sore) 		あ (a)
あれ (are)
か (ka)
かれ (kare) 		いづれ (izure)
なに (nani)
Location ここ (koko) そこ (soko) あしこ (ashiko)
かしこ (kashiko) 		いづく (izuku)
いづこ (izuko)
いどこ (idoko)
どこ (doko)
Direction こち (kochi)
こなた (konata) 		そち (sochi)
そなた (sonata) 		あち (achi)
あなた (anata)
かなた (kanata) 		いづち (izuchi)
いづら (izura)
いづかた (izukata)
Manner か (ka)
かく (kaku)
かくて (kakute)
かう (kō) 		さ (sa)
さて (sate)
しか (shika) 		いか (ika)
Time いつ (itsu)

AdverbEdit

己(おのれ) • (onore) 

  1. by oneself
    Synonyms: 自然に (shizen ni), 独りでに (hitori de ni)

InterjectionEdit

己(おのれ) • (onore) 

  1. An interjection expressing anger or chagrin

Etymology 4Edit

Kanji in this term
己
おの
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronounEdit

己(おの) • (ono) 

  1. reflexive pronoun: oneself
  2. first-person pronoun: I, me
    Synonyms: 私 (watakushi), 我 (ware)
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
See alsoEdit
Classical Japanese pronouns and demonstratives
a-/wa-
“I, we”
(first person) 		na-/-ma-
“you, ye, thou”
(second person) 		k-
“this”
(close to speaker) 		s-
“that”
(close to listener) 		a-/ka-
“that over there”
(far from both) 		i-/ta-/nani-
“who, what, where, how, when”
(interrogative) 		ono-
“oneself”
(reflexive)
Person あ (a)
あれ (are)
わ (wa)
われ (ware)
まろ (maro) 		な (na)
なれ (nare)
なんぢ (nanji)
まし (mashi)
いまし (imashi)
みまし (mimashi)
きみ (kimi) 		こ (ko)
これ (kore) 		そ (so)
それ (sore) 		あ (a)
あれ (are)
か (ka)
かれ (kare) 		た (ta)
たれ (tare)
なにがし (nanigashi) 		おの (ono)
おのれ (onore)
Thing こ (ko)
これ (kore) 		そ (so)
それ (sore) 		あ (a)
あれ (are)
か (ka)
かれ (kare) 		いづれ (izure)
なに (nani)
Location ここ (koko) そこ (soko) あしこ (ashiko)
かしこ (kashiko) 		いづく (izuku)
いづこ (izuko)
いどこ (idoko)
どこ (doko)
Direction こち (kochi)
こなた (konata) 		そち (sochi)
そなた (sonata) 		あち (achi)
あなた (anata)
かなた (kanata) 		いづち (izuchi)
いづら (izura)
いづかた (izukata)
Manner か (ka)
かく (kaku)
かくて (kakute)
かう (kō) 		さ (sa)
さて (sate)
しか (shika) 		いか (ika)
Time いつ (itsu)

Etymology 5Edit

Kanji in this term
己
おれ
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

己(おれ) • (ore) 

  1. Alternative spelling of 俺 (ore): first-person pronoun: I, me
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 6Edit

Kanji in this term
己
おら
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronounEdit

己(おら) • (ora) 

  1. first-person pronoun: I, me

Etymology 7Edit

Kanji in this term
己
うぬ
Grade: 6
irregular

Sound shift from ono (see above).[1]

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • Pronunciation for pronoun senses unknown.

PronounEdit

己(うぬ) • (unu) 

  1. second-person pronoun: you
  2. reflexive pronoun: oneself
    Synonym: 自分自身 (jibun-jishin)
Derived termsEdit

InterjectionEdit

己(うぬ) • (unu) 

  1. (vulgar) you!; you blockhead!

Etymology 8Edit

Kanji in this term
己
うら
Grade: 6
irregular

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronounEdit

己(うら) • (ura) 

  1. first-person pronoun: I, me

Etymology 9Edit

Kanji in this term
己
おどれ
Grade: 6
irregular

Sound shift from onore (see above).[1]

PronounEdit

己(おどれ) • (odore) 

  1. second-person pronoun: you
    Synonyms: 己 (unu), 貴様 (kisama)

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

己 (eumhun 자기 기 (jagi gi))

  1. Hanja form? of 기 (“self”).

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

己: Hán Nôm readings: kỷ, kỉ, kỳ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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