君子

Chinese

		monarch; lord; gentleman monarch; lord; gentleman; ruler	child; son; (noun suffix) child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight
simp. and trad. (君子)		君	子

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jūnzǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄣ ㄗˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gwan¹ zi²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): gun¹ du²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiûn-chṳ́
• Eastern Min (BUC): gŭng-cṳ̄
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kun-chír / kun-chú
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ciun-tsy

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jūnzǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄣ ㄗˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyunzǐh
    • Wade–Giles: chün¹-tzŭ³
    • Yale: jyūn-dž
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuntzyy
    • Palladius: цзюньцзы (czjunʹczy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gwan¹ zi²
    • Yale: gwān jí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwan¹ dzi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: guen¹ ji²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: gun¹ du²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kun³³ tu⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûn-chṳ́
    • Hakka Romanization System: giun^ˊ zii^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giun¹ zi³
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯un²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gŭng-cṳ̄
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(t͡s-)ʒy³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun-chír
    • Tâi-lô: kun-tsír
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun-chú
    • Tâi-lô: kun-tsú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kunzuo
    • IPA (Taipei): /kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kun⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹ciun-tsy
    • MiniDict: ciuin^平 tsy
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jyn-tsr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: kjun tsiX

Rime
Character	君	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	文 (59)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	舉云切	即里切
Baxter	kjun	tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨun/	/t͡sɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/kiun/	/t͡sɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuən/	/t͡sieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kun/	/t͡sɨX/
Li Rong	/kiuən/	/t͡siəX/
Wang Li	/kĭuən/	/t͡sĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯uən/	/t͡siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jūn	zǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwan1	zi2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qur  tsəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*klun  ʔslɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	君	子
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jūn	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ kjun ›	‹ tsiX ›
Old Chinese	/*C.qur/	/*tsəʔ/
English	lord; ruler	child; gentleman, master
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	君	子
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7289	17857
Phonetic component	君	子
Rime group	文	之
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	君	子
Old Chinese	/*klun/	/*ʔslɯʔ/

Noun

君子

1. junzi; man of virtue; high-minded person; noble person; superior person

   • 子曰：「君子坦蕩蕩，小人長戚戚。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：「君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Jūnzǐ tǎndàngdàng, xiǎorén cháng qīqī.” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, “The superior man is satisfied and composed; the mean man is always full of distress.”

   • 人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Rén bùzhī ér bù yùn, bùyì jūnzǐ hū? [Pinyin]

     Is he not a man of complete virtue, who feels no discomposure though men may take no note of him?

2. (Classical) functionary; government official; office holder

   • 今天下之君子，忠實欲天下之富，而惡其貧，欲天下之治，而惡其亂，當兼相愛，交相利。此聖王之法，天下之治道也，不可不務為也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     今天下之君子，忠实欲天下之富，而恶其贫，欲天下之治，而恶其乱，当兼相爱，交相利。此圣王之法，天下之治道也，不可不务为也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mozi, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on Y. P. Mei's version

     Jīn tiānxià zhī jūnzǐ, zhōngshí yù tiānxià zhī fù, ér wù qí pín, yù tiānxià zhī zhì, ér wù qí luàn, dāng jiānxiàng'ài, jiāoxiànglì. Cǐ shèngwáng zhī fǎ, tiānxià zhī zhìdào yě, bùkě bù wù wéi yě. [Pinyin]

     If the rulers nowadays sincerely desire the empire to be wealthy and dislike to have it poor, desire to have it orderly and dislike to have it chaotic, they should bring about universal love and mutual aid. This is the way of the sage-kings and the way to order for the world, and it should not be neglected.

Synonyms

• (functionary):

edit

• 內臣／内臣 (nèichén) (historical)
• 公僕／公仆 (gōngpú)
• 公務員／公务员 (gōngwùyuán)
• 公職人員／公职人员 (gōngzhí rényuán)
• 官僚 (guānliáo)
• 官吏 (guānlì) (chiefly historical)
• 官員／官员 (guānyuán)
• 官宦 (guānhuàn) (chiefly historical)
• 宦官 (huànguān) (chiefly historical)
• 有司 (yǒusī) (archaic)
• 臣僚 (chénliáo) (historical, in a monarchy)

 

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “man of virtue”): 小人 (xiǎorén)

Derived terms

• 不君子
• 事急無君子／事急无君子
• 仁人君子 (rénrénjūnzǐ)
• 以小人之心，度君子之腹 (yǐ xiǎorén zhī xīn, duó jūnzǐ zhī fù)
• 使君子 (shǐjūnzǐ)
• 偽君子／伪君子 (wěijūnzǐ)
• 先君子
• 先小人，後君子／先小人，后君子 (xiān xiǎorén, hòu jūnzǐ)
• 六君子
• 古之君子
• 君子一言，快馬一鞭／君子一言，快马一鞭 (jūnzǐ yī yán, kuài mǎ yī biān)
• 君子一言，駟馬難追／君子一言，驷马难追 (jūnzǐ yīyán, sìmǎ nánzhuī)
• 君子三樂／君子三乐
• 君子三畏
• 君子不器 (jūnzǐbùqì)
• 君子不奪人所好／君子不夺人所好
• 君子不念舊惡／君子不念旧恶
• 君子不立危牆之下／君子不立危墙之下 (jūnzǐ bù lì wēiqiáng zhī xià)
• 君子之交
• 君子之交淡如水 (jūnzǐ zhī jiāo dàn rú shuǐ)
• 君子于役
• 君子交絕，不出惡聲／君子交绝，不出恶声 (jūnzǐjiāojué, bùchū'èshēng)
• 君子偕老
• 君子動口不動手／君子动口不动手 (jūnzǐ dòngkǒu bùdòngshǒu)
• 君子動口，小人動手／君子动口，小人动手
• 君子協定／君子协定 (jūnzǐ xiédìng)
• 君子國／君子国
• 君子坦蕩蕩，小人長戚戚／君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚
• 君子報仇，十年不晚／君子报仇，十年不晚 (jūnzǐ bàochóu, shí nián bù wǎn)
• 君子愛財，取之有道／君子爱财，取之有道 (jūnzǐ'àicái, qǔzhīyǒudào)
• 君子成人之美
• 君子花
• 君子蘭／君子兰
• 君子言先不言後／君子言先不言后
• 君子豹變／君子豹变
• 君子遠庖廚／君子远庖厨
• 君子鄉／君子乡
• 君子陽陽／君子阳阳
• 君子風度／君子风度
• 四君子 (Sì Jūnzǐ)
• 士君子
• 大雅君子
• 天行健，君子以自強不息／天行健，君子以自强不息 (tiān xíng jiàn, jūnzǐ yǐ zìqiángbùxī)
• 彬彬君子
• 志誠君子／志诚君子
• 恨小非君子，無毒不丈夫／恨小非君子，无毒不丈夫
• 愷悌君子／恺悌君子
• 戊戌六君子
• 曾著賣糖君子哄，如今不信口甜人／曾著卖糖君子哄，如今不信口甜人 (céng zhāo mài táng jūnzǐ hǒng, rújīn bùxìn kǒutián rén)
• 樑上君子／梁上君子 (liángshàngjūnzǐ)
• 正人君子 (zhèngrénjūnzǐ)
• 淑人君子
• 淑善君子 (shū shàn jūnzǐ)
• 癮君子／瘾君子 (yǐnjūnzǐ)
• 觀棋不語真君子／观棋不语真君子
• 謙謙君子／谦谦君子 (qiānqiānjūnzǐ)
• 豈弟君子／岂弟君子
• 量小非君子，無毒不丈夫／量小非君子，无毒不丈夫
• 金玉君子
• 隱君子／隐君子 (yǐnjūnzǐ)

 

Descendants

• Translingual: †Junzi

Sino-Xenic (君子):

• → Japanese: 君(くん)子(し) (kunshi)
• → Korean: 군자(君子) (gunja)
• → Vietnamese: quân tử (君子)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
君	子
くん Grade: 3	し Grade: 1
on'yomi

Noun

君(くん)子(し) • (kunshi) 

1. junzi; man of virtue; high-minded person; noble person

Antonyms

• 小人(しょうじん) (shōjin, “mean person”)

Derived terms

• 君子国(くんしこく) (kunshikoku)
• 君子人(くんしじん) (kunshijin)
• 君子蘭(くんしらん) (kunshiran)

Proverbs

• 君子(くんし)の交(まじ)わりは淡(あわ)きこと水(みず)の如(ごと)し (kunshi no majiwari wa awaki koto mizu no gotoshi)
• 君子(くんし)の過(あやま)ちは日月(じつげつ)の食(しょく)の如(ごと)し (kunshi no ayamachi wa jitsugetsu no shoku no gotoshi)
• 君子(くんし)の九思(きゅうし) (kunshi no kyūshi)
• 君子(くんし)の三畏(さんい) (kunshi no san'i)
• 君子(くんし)の三楽(さんらく) (kunshi no sanraku)
• 君子(くんし)の徳(とく)は風(かぜ) (kunshi no toku wa kaze)
• 君子(くんし)は危(あや)うきに近寄(ちかよ)らず (kunshi wa ayauki ni chikayorazu)
• 君子(くんし)は器(き)ならず (kunshi wa ki narazu)
• 君子(くんし)は交(まじ)わり絶(た)ゆとも悪声(あくせい)を出(だ)さず (kunshi wa majiwari tayutomo akusei o dasazu)
• 君子(くんし)は三端(さんたん)を避(さ)く (kunshi wa santan o saku)
• 君子(くんし)は周(しゅう)して比(ひ)せず小人(しょうじん)は比(ひ)して周(しゅう)せず (kunshi wa shūshite hisezu shōjin wa hishite shūsezu)
• 君子(くんし)は人(ひと)の美(び)を成(な)す (kunshi wa hito no bio nasu)
• 君子(くんし)は独(ひと)りを慎(つつし)む (kunshi wa hitori o tsutsushimu)
• 君子(くんし)は豹変(ひょうへん)す (kunshi wa hyōhensu)
• 君子豹変(くんしひょうへん) (kunshihyōhen)
• 君子(くんし)は多能(たのう)を恥(は)ず (kunshi wa tanō o hazu)
• 君子(くんし)はその罪(つみ)を悪(にく)んでその人(ひと)を悪(にく)まず (kunshi wa sono tsumi o nikunde sono hito o nikumazu)
• 君子(くんし)は上達(じょうたつ)し小人(しょうじん)は下達(かたつ)す (kunshi wa jōtatsu shi shōjin wa katatsusu)

Proper noun

Kanji in this term
君	子
きみ Grade: 3	こ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

君(きみ)子(こ) • (Kimiko) 

1. a female given name

Korean

Hanja in this term
君	子

Noun

君子 • (gunja) (hangeul 군자)

1. hanja form^? of 군자 (“junzi”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
君	子

Noun

君子

1. chữ Hán form of quân tử (“junzi”).