霧
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Translingual edit
Han character edit
霧 (Kangxi radical 173, 雨+11, 19 strokes, cangjie input 一月弓竹尸 (MBNHS), four-corner 10227, composition ⿱雨務)
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1377, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42418
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4074, character 15
- Unihan data for U+9727
Chinese edit
trad. | 霧 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 雾 | |
alternative forms | 雺 霚 霿 |
Glyph origin edit
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
堥 | *muː, *mu |
蓩 | *muːʔ, *moːɡ |
猱 | *ml'uː, *mljiwʔ, *ml'us |
茅 | *mruː |
罞 | *mruː, *muːŋ |
蝥 | *mruː, *mu, *mo, *moɡs |
鶜 | *mruː |
瞀 | *moːɡs, *mroːɡ |
愗 | *moːɡs |
袤 | *mus |
雺 | *mus, *mu, *muːŋ, *muːŋs |
懋 | *mus |
楙 | *mus |
矛 | *mu |
蟊 | *mu |
髳 | *mu, *muːŋ |
鍪 | *mu |
鞪 | *mu, *moːɡ |
糅 | *ml'us |
腬 | *ml'us, *mlju |
柔 | *mlju |
揉 | *mju |
蹂 | *mju, *mjuʔ, *mjus |
鍒 | *mju |
騥 | *mju |
蝚 | *mju |
葇 | *mju, *mjuʔ |
鞣 | *mju, *mjus |
鰇 | *mju |
瑈 | *mju |
鶔 | *mju |
楺 | *mjuʔ |
煣 | *mjuʔ, *mjus |
輮 | *mjuʔ, *mjus |
韖 | *mjuʔ |
敄 | *moʔ, *mos |
務 | *moɡs |
鶩 | *moɡs, *moːɡ |
騖 | *moɡs |
婺 | *moɡs |
霚 | *moɡs, *moːŋ |
嵍 | *moɡs |
霧 | *moɡs, *moːŋ |
霿 | *moːŋ, *moːŋs |
楘 | *moːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *moɡs, *moːŋ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 務 (OC *moɡs).
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *muːŋ ~ r/s-muːk (“foggy; dark; sullen; menacing; thunder”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007) or its allofam *r-məw (“sky; heavens; clouds”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan རྨུ་བ (rmu ba, “fog”), རྨུགས་པ (rmugs pa, “dense fog”), Burmese မြူ (mru, “minute particle; haze; fog”).
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
霧
- fog; mist
- vapour; fine spray
- (Hokkien) blurry
- (Internet slang) A particle placed at the end of a sentence to indicate that the poster is joking. (used with parentheses)
Synonyms edit
Dialectal synonyms of 霧 (“fog”) [map]
Compounds edit
- 一頭霧水/一头雾水 (yītóuwùshuǐ)
- 下霧/下雾 (xiàwù)
- 五里霧
- 光煙霧/光烟雾
- 冷霧/冷雾
- 南山霧豹/南山雾豹
- 含煙籠霧/含烟笼雾
- 吞雲吐霧/吞云吐雾 (tūnyúntǔwù)
- 噴雲吐霧/喷云吐雾
- 噴雲噯霧/喷云嗳雾
- 噴霧/喷雾 (pēnwù)
- 噴霧器/喷雾器 (pēnwùqì)
- 噴霧機/喷雾机
- 墮雲霧中/堕云雾中
- 如坐雲霧/如坐云雾
- 如墮煙霧/如堕烟雾
- 妖霧/妖雾
- 宿霧/宿雾 (Sùwù)
- 平流霧/平流雾
- 愁雲慘霧/愁云惨雾
- 愁霧/愁雾
- 拿雲握霧/拿云握雾
- 握雲拿霧/握云拿雾
- 握霧拿雲/握雾拿云
- 擁霧翻波/拥雾翻波
- 晨霧/晨雾 (chénwù)
- 朝霧/朝雾 (zhāowù)
- 毒霧/毒雾
- 海霧/海雾
- 涼霧/凉雾 (Liángwù)
- 濃霧/浓雾 (nóngwù)
- 煙消霧散/烟消雾散
- 煙籠霧鎖/烟笼雾锁
- 煙霏霧集/烟霏雾集
- 煙霧/烟雾 (yānwù)
- 熱霧/热雾
- 紅光紫霧/红光紫雾 (hóng guāng zǐ wù)
- 綠煙紅霧/绿烟红雾
- 興雲作霧/兴云作雾
- 興雲吐霧/兴云吐雾
- 蒼霧/苍雾
- 蒙霧露/蒙雾露
- 蓮霧/莲雾 (liánwù)
- 迷霧/迷雾 (míwù)
- 除霧器/除雾器
- 雲合霧集/云合雾集
- 雲山霧罩/云山雾罩
- 雲收霧散/云收雾散
- 雲消霧散/云消雾散 (yúnxiāo-wùsàn)
- 雲霧/云雾 (yúnwù)
- 霧化/雾化 (wùhuà)
- 霧嗄嗄/雾嗄嗄 (bū-sà-sà) (Min Nan)
- 霧峰/雾峰 (Wùfēng)
- 霧氣/雾气 (wùqì)
- 霧沉沉/雾沉沉
- 霧淞/雾淞 (wùsōng)
- 霧渡河/雾渡河 (Wùdùhé)
- 霧社/雾社
- 霧社事件/雾社事件 (Wùshè Shìjiàn)
- 霧縠/雾縠
- 霧臺/雾台 (Wùtái)
- 霧茫茫/雾茫茫
- 霧裡看花/雾里看花 (wùlǐkànhuā)
- 霧豹/雾豹
- 霧鎖雲埋/雾锁云埋
- 霧騰騰/雾腾腾
- 霧鬢/雾鬓
- 霧鬢風鬟/雾鬓风鬟
- 風言霧語/风言雾语
- 風鬟霧鬢/风鬟雾鬓
- 駕霧騰雲/驾雾腾云
- 騰雲駕霧/腾云驾雾
- 騰霧/腾雾
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
trad. | 霧 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 雾 | |
alternative forms | 潕/𣲘 𫝞 |
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
霧
- (Hokkien, Teochew) to spray; to spit (a liquid, often after keeping the liquid in one's mouth)
- (Hokkien) to gush upwards; to overflow from a container
Usage notes edit
- (first definition): For the subtle difference between the synonyms, please refer to the usage notes of 澍.
- (second definition): 霧/雾 usually means overflowing due to boiling; 泏 usually means overflowing due to shaking; sōe-teⁿ means dribbling at a spout when it is nearly stopped up; 溢 is used in a general sense.
References edit
- “Entry #12903”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Etymology 3 edit
trad. | 霧 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 雾 |
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
霧
- (Northern Min) Alternative form of 露 (“fog; mist”)
Etymology 4 edit
For pronunciation and definitions of 霧 – see 霿 (“gloomy; dim; overcast; fog; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 霿). |
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
霧
Readings edit
Compounds edit
Noun edit
- mist, fog
- 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki:
- 重霧 下奇利
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1999 March 1, “ウォーター・エレメント [Water Element]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:
- 水に住んでいる精霊。まわりを霧でつつみこみ視界を奪う。
- Mizu ni sundeiru seirei. Mawari o kiri de tsutsumikomi shikai o ubau.
- A spirit who lives in the water. She’ll blind you by surrounding you with mist.
- 水に住んでいる精霊。まわりを霧でつつみこみ視界を奪う。
Derived terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- Takeuchi, Rizō (1962) Nara Ibun: Volume 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō Shuppan, →ISBN.
Korean edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Chinese 霧 (MC mjuH). Recorded as Middle Korean 무〯 (mwǔ) (Yale: mwǔ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation edit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mu(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [무(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja edit
Compounds edit
Compounds
References edit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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