e-
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
- (General American) IPA(key): /ɛ-/
PrefixEdit
e-
- Used to form adjectives with the sense of something being lacking or removed.
- Synonym: ex-
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
- In an electronic form, usually and especially computerized and digital; often in association with the Internet.
- Coordinate term: i- (“Internet”)
Usage notesEdit
This practice began with E-mail in June 1979. The first usage of E-mail, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, occurred in the journal Electronics with reference to an initiative of the United States Postal Service (USPS) called Electronic Computer Originated Mail, which USPS abbreviated E-COM.
Many terms beginning with e- can be seen in both hyphenated (e.g. e-card) and unhyphenated (e.g., ecard) form, and sometimes – particularly in a business context – the letter following the e- will be capitalized (e.g., eBusiness or e-Business). In the present day, e- is generally used to indicate association with or transmission over the Internet. In proper names beginning with e-, the convention is generally to leave the e- lower-case, and to capitalize the second letter of the name (e.g., eBay). The e remains then lower-case when the name is used at the beginning of a sentence.
Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
See alsoEdit
Etymology 3Edit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 4Edit
Abbreviation of electric or electrical.
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
- (marketing) Used to prefix product names, to indicate an electrified or all-electric variant of the product, particularly cars.
- (marketing) Used to prefix product names, to indicate a battery-powered or onboard electric power source variant.
- Electric
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 5Edit
Abbreviation of embedded.
PrefixEdit
e-
- (electronics) Used to prefix items that are embedded into devices, instead of being discrete or removable elements.
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ “e-, prefix2”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, January 2018; “e-”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
CayugaEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
- third person feminine agent pronominal prefix; she
ReferencesEdit
- Marianne Mithun; Reginald Henry (1982) Wadęwayę́stanih - A Cayuga Teaching Grammar, 3rd edition, Woodland Cultural Centre, published 2015, page 66
ChuukeseEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
- Third-person singular subject marker for tense modifying adverbs.
- one
LatinEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
ē-
- Alternative form of ex- (combining with b-, d-, g-, j-, l-, m-, n-, r-, and v-initial words).
Derived termsEdit
Northern NdebeleEdit
Etymology 1Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
- Class 4 relative concord.
Etymology 2Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
- Class 9 relative concord.
Etymology 3Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
- Class 9 adjective concord.
Old IrishEdit
PrefixEdit
- Alternative form of a- (“him, it”)
See alsoEdit
See Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns for details on how these forms are used.
Note that the so-called “infixed” pronouns are technically prefixes, but they are never the first prefix in a verbal complex.
Person | Infixed | Suffixed | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Class A | Class B | Class C | ||
1 sing. | m-L | dom-L, dam-L | -um | |
2 sing. | t-L | dot-L, dat-L, dut-L, dit-L | -ut | |
3 sing. m. | a-N, e-N | d-N | id-N, did-N, d-N | -i, -it |
3 sing. f. | s-(N) | da- | -us | |
3 sing. n. | a-L, e-L | d-L | id-L, did-L, d-L | -i, -it |
1 pl. | n- | don-, dun-, dan- | -unn | |
2 pl. | b- | dob-, dub-, dab- | -uib | |
3 pl. | s-(N) | da- | -us | |
L means this form triggers lenition. N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis) (N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others. |
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
PortugueseEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
Southern NdebeleEdit
Etymology 1Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
- Class 4 relative concord.
Etymology 2Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
- Class 9 relative concord.
Etymology 3Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
- Class 9 adjective concord.
SwedishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Norse æ, from Proto-Germanic *aiwi (“forever”), Proto-Germanic *aiwaz.
PrefixEdit
e-
- prefix that may be used on certain pronouns and adverbs to create "-ever" constructions, most of which are formal or archaic.
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From English e-, shortening of electronic.
PrefixEdit
e-
- electronic; including the hyphen
Derived termsEdit
Tocharian AEdit
EtymologyEdit
Compare Tocharian B ai-.
VerbEdit
e-
- to give
WelshEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
Derived termsEdit
MutationEdit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
e- | unchanged | unchanged | he- |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
ReferencesEdit
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “e-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
XhosaEdit
Etymology 1Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
- Class 4 relative concord.
Etymology 2Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
- Class 9 relative concord.
Etymology 3Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
Usage notesEdit
This prefix is used with nouns of all classes except 1(a) and 2(a). Usually, it occurs in the form of the circumfix e- -ini, but certain nouns have only the prefix. When affixed to a class 11 noun in u-, it changes to elu-. Also when affixed to a class 10 noun in iin-, iim-, ii-, it also changes to ezin-, ezim-, ezi-.
ZouEdit
PronunciationEdit
PrefixEdit
e-
- Used to form agent nouns from verbs; -er
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 81
ZuluEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From a- (“relative”) + i- (“class 4”).
PrefixEdit
ḗ-
- Class 4 relative concord.
Etymology 2Edit
From a- (“relative”) + i- (“class 9”).
PrefixEdit
ḗ-
- Class 9 relative concord.
Etymology 3Edit
Possibly related to Rwanda-Rundi i.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PrefixEdit
e-
Usage notesEdit
This prefix is used with nouns of all classes except 1(a) and 2(a). Usually, it occurs in the form of the circumfix e- -ini, but certain nouns have only the prefix. When affixed to a class 5 noun beginning in ī-, it is lengthened to ē-, and when affixed to a class 11 noun in ū-, it is lengthened and also changes to ō-. It takes on the tone of whichever prefix it replaces.
ReferencesEdit
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “e-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “e-”