See also: and 𤴷
U+5E8A, 床
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E8A

[U+5E89]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5E8B]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 53, 广+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈木 (ID) or 難戈木 (XID), four-corner 00294, composition 广)

Derived characters

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See also

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 343, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9242
  • Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 873, character 20
  • Unihan data for U+5E8A

Chinese

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trad. /
simp.

Glyph origin

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Originally an unorthodox variant of . Now made up of 广 (house) + (tree), an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) representing a wooden furniture item (a bed) in a house.

Etymology

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Schuessler (2007) suggests that it may be related to Khmer រង (rɔɔng, to support from below), Old Mon [script needed] (joṅ, couch; bedstead).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • chhn̂g - vernacular (“bed”);
  • sn̂g - vernacular (“steamer basket”);
  • chhông - literary.
Note:
  • ceng5 - “bed; table”;
  • seng5 - vernacular (“steamer basket”).

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sʰuɑŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /p͡fʰaŋ²⁴/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰuɔ̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /p͡fʰɑ̃⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰuɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰuaŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰuaŋ³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰuaŋ²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰuã̠³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰuaŋ²⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰuɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰuɒ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʰuɑŋ¹³/
/suə¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰuɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zɑ̃²³/
Suzhou /zɑ̃¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷɑŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /jyɔ³¹/
Hui Shexian /so⁴⁴/
Tunxi /sau⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕyan¹³/
Xiangtan /ɖ͡ʐɔn¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰɔŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰɔŋ³⁵/
/t͡sʰŋ̍³⁵/
/sŋ̍³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰouŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰɯŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /so³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (20)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter dzrjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/d͡ʒɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖ͡ʐiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/d͡ʒiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖ͡ʐɨaŋ/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʒiaŋ/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʒĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɖ͡ʐʱi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chuáng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
cong4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chuáng
Middle
Chinese
‹ dzrjang ›
Old
Chinese
/*k.dzraŋ/
English bed

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 10310
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*zraŋ/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. bed; couch (Classifier: m c)
  2. framework; chassis
      ―  chēchuáng  ―  lathe
      ―  chuáng  ―  gingiva
  3. (Teochew, Leizhou Min, Hainanese, Puxian Min, Zhongshan Min) table
  4. (obsolete) rails of the well
  5. bottom; bed
      ―  chuáng  ―  riverbed
      ―  yánchuáng  ―  sill
  6. Classifier for beddings.
    棉被  ―  chuáng miánbèi  ―  one cotton-wadded quilt

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (しょう) (shō)
  • Korean: 상(床) (sang)

Others:

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
ゆか
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Attested in the 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki), completed in 720 and one of the earliest works written in Japanese (see Wikipedia:Nihon Shoki), with a meaning of bed.

According to the 和句解 (Wakuge), published in 1668 by early Edo-period scholar Matsunaga Teitoku (松永貞徳; see Wikipedia:ja:松永貞徳), derives from ゆか (yuka) as the 未然形 (mizenkei, irrealis form) stem of the verb 行く (yuku, to go) of an original meaning similar to "not going", in reference to a place where one sits down to rest.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ゆか) (yuka

  1. the floor (the bottom surface of a room)
    (ゆか)()
    yuka o haku
    to sweep the floor
  2. a bed
  3. (theater) a raised area of a stage where a presenter or musician sits
  4. a raised platform erected along the Kamo River in Kyōto in summer, used as an outdoor tea shop or restaurant
Antonyms
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Coordinate terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
とこ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

⟨to2ko2/toko/

From Old Japanese. Cognate with (tokoro, place). Attested since at least the Nara period, appearing in the Man'yōshū, completed in 759.[3][4]

Possibly an ancient compound of ⟨to1 (Proto-Japonic *to (place), as in ⟨ato1, “footprint, track”, from “foot place, where one has stepped”) + ⟨ko2 (noun-forming suffixing element denoting “place”, as in ここ ⟨ko2ko2, “here”, from “this place”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(とこ) (toko

  1. a raised platform roughly 30cm tall used in dirt-floored rooms as a seat
  2. a raised area on which to sleep: a bed
  3. a sickbed
  4. the floor
  5. tatami mats
  6. the seat of an oxcart
  7. short for 床間 / 床の間 (toko no ma): an alcove with a raised floor along one wall of a traditional Japanese living room
  8. an alcove with a raised floor used as a study: see 付書院 (tsuke shoin)
  9. a box seat, such as at a parade, theater, or stadium
  10. short for 床店 (tokomise): a stall with a raised floor used as a store
  11. short for 床屋 (tokoya): a barbershop, from how such shops were historically often tokomise
  12. short for 床船梁 (toko funabari), 舵床 (kajidoko): the large wooden beam at the very aft of a traditional wood-hulled Japanese ship, upon which the rudder is seated
  13. the heel of a plough; the part of the bottom of a plough that touches the ground and guides the ploughshare
  14. short for 苗床 (naedoko): a seedbed
  15. short for 鉄床, 金床 (kanatoko): an anvil
Synonyms
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
しょう
Grade: S
kan'yōon
Alternative spelling

/ʑau//ɕau//ɕɔː//ɕoː/

From Middle Chinese (MC dzrjang). Devoicing apparently occurred after borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(しょう) (shō

  1. sickbed

Counter

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(しょう) (-shōしやう (-syau)?

  1. beds

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4331:
    , text here

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 평상 (pyeongsang sang))

  1. hanja form? of (bed, couch; framework, chassis)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: sàng, giàn, giường, sường, giàng, rương

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.