Appendix:Canichana word list
Canichana word list from Crevels (2012: 436-437):[1]
Sources for some of the forms are marked by the following numbers:
- 1: d'Orbigny
- 2: Heath
- 3: Cardús
- 4: Teza
Crevels (2012) edit
| Spanish gloss | Canichana |
|---|---|
| agua | ne-se (ni-htxi 2; nis-sei 3) |
| arena | melchiga |
| bajío | ni-nerehuap |
| cielo | eu-kuneo-taoli (kome 1; coconua-taule 3) |
| estrella | ni-coma |
| fuego | ni-chucu (ni-chuco 2) |
| isla | ni-shuamchox |
| laguna | ni-hsiph (ne-sep 1; see agua) |
| lluvia | nina |
| loma | comche (see piedra) |
| luna | ni-milacu |
| piedra | ni-cumchi (comche 1; see cierro) |
| río | nih-cuguxu (ni-cuxu 1) |
| sol | ni-coxli (ni-kol 3) |
| tierra | ni-chix (ni-chixichi 3; ne-cheche) |
| viento | ne-uraxabhin (ne-uraxa 1) |
| bosque | ni-scu |
| pampa | ni-cshava |
| casca | ni-mararij |
| flor | ni-platsu |
| hoja | em-tixle (nim-tixl 2) |
| miel | ne-myacuch |
| abeja | ne-kme |
| agutí | ni-chal'a |
| anguila | ne-roro |
| arraya | ne-uvetsetse |
| bagre | ne-neush |
| caimán | ne-quenetse |
| chancho de tropa | ni-shuro |
| ciervo | ni-hgup 2 (ni-rupe ‘guazu pucu’, Cervus paludosus; ne-ujaresa ‘guazu bira’, Cervus simplicicornis; ni-petse ‘guazu ti’, Cervus campestris) |
| cigarra | ne-raja |
| coati rojo | ni-pitajucuna |
| cobaya | ni-chuleu |
| delfín | ni-tuya |
| dorado | ni-quenecuxle |
| gato | ni-metse |
| huevo | davari-michi (ni-mela 1) |
| iguana | nem-se |
| jaguar | ni-coxolani (ni-xolani 1) |
| lagarto | ne-shuque |
| libélula | ne-quichegue |
| lobo rojo | ni-chinaqueyu (Canis jubatus) |
| luciérnaga | ne-cuchegue |
| mariposa | nim-tahalu |
| molusco | ni-cachu (ni cucxu; ne-tik; nem-chemech) |
| mono | ni-colara (ne-uru; ni-tsitak; ne-ulaxu) |
| oso hormiguera | ne-ulasatsi (Myrmecophaga jubata; ni'lome ‘tamandúa’; ni-catre ‘mutila’) |
| pacú | ne-rucu (Prochilodus, Myletes) |
| pájaro | ni-melu (ni-mela 1) |
| palometa | ne-teque |
| perro | ni-pao (ni-pahu 1) |
| peta | ni-chnunu |
| pez | ni-cacu (ni-xacu; nicaxacu 3) |
| pulga | ne-morohoque |
| ratón | ni-huaxle |
| sicurí | ni-retsama |
| surubí | ne-ushe (Platystoma) |
| tatú | ni-hauyacaque (ni-la; ni-sti ‘peba’) |
| tigrillo | ni-meja |
| víbora | ni-raye |
| ají | ni-huatsu |
| algodón | ni-tish (cf. tech ‘algodón’ en ticuna) |
| árbol | ni-yiga (madera para quemar) |
| bambú | ne-chu |
| camote | ni-taxa |
| caña de azúcar | ni-shophaque |
| carundai | ne-uramik |
| choclo | nim-tuche |
| chonta | ni-chicaru |
| espina | nem-je |
| fruto | em-iya |
| guineo | ni-rajahua |
| hierba | nim-hugu |
| madera | ni-patihuare |
| maíz | ni tuxu 1; ni-txu 2 |
| marayahu | ne-masene (Bactris maraja) |
| motacú | ni-tuna (Attalea humboldtiana) |
| palma real | ni-huaxle |
| pina | ni-mayoche |
| totaí | ni-tuli |
| yuca | ni-chamihi |
| arco | ni-ksentop (eu-kesinto 2) |
| casa | ni-tsicoxle (ni-tcoxi 2; ni-qulli 3) |
| chicha | pissisi (ipish 1) |
| cuchillo | n-corcaab (ni-kurtapi 3) |
| flecha | ishuhuera (eusuera 2; ni-suera 3) |
| hierro | ni-hiuru |
| patio | cura |
| ropa de cáscara | ni-caraja |
| sal | ne-ulucu |
| comida | ni-mahuegue |
| tutuma | ne-tsaajle |
| amigo | daset |
| amigo | eu-copanlina |
| gente | achunli |
| hombre | enacu 1 (hiochama 2) |
| indio | hihurcuna |
| jefe | eu-tishi (lo mismo que ‘papá’) |
| muchacho | yimilani 2 (imeiani 1) |
| mujer | iquegahui 1 (huiquigaue 2) |
| niño | yemila chuchu 2 (imehumachi 1; imela-tsutsu ‘niña’ 1) |
| ¡cuidado! | da-cohe |
| hablar | au-xar-phurma (apuru 1) |
| llorar | itaxinuena 2 (see ‘gritar’; akoixe 1) |
| pagar | acoale (co-coale-la ‘pagado’ 1) |
| pescar | cutatemui |
| reir | au-xar-docuna 2 (atscuna 1) |
| trabajar | au-xar-sililana |
| barba | eu-chaga |
| dedo | eu-tixle (eu-ocleutseme 2) |
| pie | eu-axts 2 (eu-xatsi 1) |
| rostro | coquena 1 (eu-cokhena 2) |
| seno (de mujer) | ee-meni 2 (eu-gameni 1) |
| boca | eu-chene (ver ‘bico’) |
| cabeza | eu-cucu 1 (ni-mucukh 2) |
| carne | ni-huaka |
| corazón | eu-nimara 2 (eu-tsu 1) |
| diente | eu-huti 2 (eu-cuti 1) |
| lengua | au-chava (eu-tsava 1) |
| nariz | eu-xe 1 (eeb-xe 2) |
| ojo | eu-tot 1 (eu-tokhe 2) |
| oreja | eu-comete 1 (eu-comeh 2) |
| piel | eu-shalesik |
| pierna | eu-chota 2 |
| sangre | eu-ghab 2 (eu-cab 1) |
| bico | em-chene (ver 'boca') |
| cuerno (ciervo) | ni-csara |
| pluma | mim-colli 2 (nim-coy 1) |
| acostarse | ato (acuéstate: ato) |
| andar | au-xar-cuiyama (¡anda!: acuilta) |
| bailar | au-dahdara 2 (a-tatra 1) |
| beber | au-hacoqui |
| buscar | nacu een-ajgue 3 (¿qué buscas?) |
| cantar | au-jar-sonisna (ala 1) |
| comer | alema 1 (ahalima 2) |
| correr | camcoya 2 (ahuijle 1) |
| crear | yematicore |
| dar | au-dar-chiti 1 (da-chide; si-chite ‘deme’) |
| decir | en-assi |
| dormir | agaxa 1 (au-xar-xana 2) |
| hilar | acuraxle |
| ir | au-jar-tiquina |
| llamar | en-acu (ver ‘nombre’, ‘hombre’) |
| matar | atlege 1 |
| matar | au-ar-chxina |
| mentir | yic-todse 2 (na-totsi-na 1) |
| regresar | an-xacunaunicha 3 |
| tomar | ehe (ehe '¡toma!‘) |
| venir | au-xar-tuinas (¡venga aquí!: ane) |
| ver | au-xar-coivoe |
| entender | em-assota 3 |
| morir | tanacu |
| querer | au-arihuana |
| querer | hu-arehua |
| llover | nina (quinaxa 3) |
| muerto | hmukuulana |
| ser, estar | tagaqui |
| tener | tia (yettia; nihuas ‘no hay’) |
| bien | corissi 3 (sa-coretsa 1; eu-yeje 3) |
| bueno | ererets |
| viejo | em-mara 1 |
| azul | masasa |
| blanco | m-bara (m-bala 1) |
| bonito | ni-chemachi |
| caliente | m-cujallic |
| corriente (río) | icohuish |
| frío | m-cuhuli |
| fuerza | em-bele |
| grande | nihi-mara (ne-mara 1) |
| joven | eco-quelexe (hico-kherehe 2) |
| limpio | em-bara (see ‘blanco’) |
| malo | itxmupse (psemeca 1) |
| malo | psemek |
| negro | nim-kaara (nim-kara 1) |
| rojo | nim-bitsi (nem-betse 1) |
| verde | ni-cchacha (ne-quechasha) |
| largo | clatse |
| pequeño | chumache (see ‘poco’; titidii 2) |
| dos | caadita |
| dos | eu-colileche |
| mucho | col'eja (chuyugo 2; superlativo: bal'ajamal'e) |
| poco | mehumache |
| tres | caarxata (calaxaca 1; carahaca 4) |
| uno | mereca (melka 1) |
| ellos | ikona (ponayimiga 2; xeencoye uyexena 3) |
| nada | nehuasna (see ‘no’) |
| todo | mata |
| no | nihuash (nehuas 1; sita 3) |
| sí | xana (ehe 2; hexe 3) |
| cómo | corissi |
| ¿qué? | emta (nacu 3) |
| cuando | yahuaxana |
| dónde | lava |
| él, ella | enxale (yikho 2; xeenkoye 3) |
| hermana | eu-caola |
| papá | eu-tishi |
| tío | eu-al'ue |
| ayer | ncohetixi 2 |
| hoy | uneje (huanihi 4; mimoeruli 2) |
| mañana | jamaeshiti (amatsitema 1; amaruim 2; sitima 3) |
| aquello | eje |
| aquellos/as | jicu-hiejene |
| este aquí | jovieje |
| allí | nocohche |
| aquí | heuniche (tuinacha quiunixi ‘vámosnos de aquí’ 3) |
| diablo | yiuhama |
| abuela | hu-atsinchue |
| abuelo | eu-axa |
| abuelo | iquechemachi |
| esposo | eu-cohti |
| hermano | e-matsuhe (e-mattoui ‘mi hermano mayor’ 2; e-mattsui-mambu-suli 2) |
| hija | eu-colo (eu-coro 2; hieco-clexe 1; nina quirox-quirexe 2 (ver ‘joven’)) |
| hijos | matoxo |
| mamá | eu-tana (eud-dhana 2) |
| marido | eu-cihiti |
| nosotros | ohexxalxina (euxalxina 3; uxal'exena 1) |
| tú | inahali (enxale 3; enxal'e 1) |
| vosotros | nha-ikho-na (euxalxina 3) |
| yo | oxale (euxale 3; ofo-hoxali 2) |
| ¿quién? | ctanhati (yequita 3) |
| idioma | em-assota |
| nombre | ehu-acu (ver ‘llamar’ y ‘hombre’) |
| día | ne-ooculi (culehue 1; ni-corli 4) |
| mañana | amaruim (xachi sitima ‘fui esta mañana’ (ver ‘mañana’ (= día siguiente) |
| noche | caquitixi (taquitixe 1) |
| tarde | chuatxi |
References edit
- ^ Crevels, Mily (2012). Canichana. In: Mily Crevels and Pieter Muysken (eds.) Lenguas de Bolivia, volume 2: Amazonía, 415-449. La Paz: Plural editores.