gloss |
proto-Tukanoan
|
3rd.person.masculine |
*-pi
|
agouti |
*wuɨ
|
ant sp. |
*meka
|
aracu fish[2] |
*p’ot’ika
|
armadillo |
*pãmu
|
back |
*sõkɨ
|
bat |
*ojo
|
big |
*pahi
|
(to) bite |
*kũ
|
black |
*tj’ĩ
|
black ink (jenipapo) |
*weʔe
|
blood |
*tj’ie
|
blow |
*pu-
|
bone |
*k’oʔa
|
(to) break |
*p’ope (*poa)
|
breast |
*upe
|
buriti palm |
*neʔe
|
capybara |
*kuetju
|
cara (Dioscorea alata) |
*japi
|
case |
*-t’e
|
centipede; boa |
*jãk’i
|
charcoal (1) |
*nitti
|
charcoal (2); grease |
*neo
|
cheek |
*wajo
|
chew |
*tj’ãk’ɨ
|
chili |
*p’ia
|
cold |
*tjɨsi
|
kapok |
*jɨi
|
(to) cut |
*t’ɨtte
|
dance / ritualized songs |
*p’aja
|
deer |
*jama
|
dove |
*ƭʃɨ-
|
duck |
*p’ete
|
ear |
*k’ãp’o
|
egg |
*tj’ia
|
elder |
*p’ɨkɨ
|
elevated structure (shelves, roof, etc.) (jirau) |
*kaja
|
(to) end |
*pet’i
|
excrement |
*k’ɨt’a
|
face |
*tj’ia
|
father |
*pa-kɨ
|
feminine |
*-k’o
|
fire / firewood |
*peka
|
fish; fish sp. (?) |
*waʔi
|
(to) fish with a net; strain, remove |
*wajo
|
fishing net |
*p’api
|
float |
*paʔja
|
flower |
*k’oʔo
|
foot |
*k’ɨp’o
|
fruit sp. |
*toa
|
Inga (fruit sp.) |
*p’ene
|
garden; outside; village |
*wese
|
gather / collect |
*tʃɨ-a
|
grandfather |
*jẽkku-
|
grape |
*ɨʔje
|
grass |
*taja
|
green / blue / not ripe |
*tjɨ̃p’e
|
hand; palm (of the hand) |
*pɨtɨ
|
head |
*tj’ɨpo
|
heavy |
*t’ɨkkɨ
|
heron |
*jahi
|
hole |
*k’ope
|
hot; heat |
*atjɨ
|
house; anthill |
*wɨ’e
|
hummingbird |
*mimi
|
I |
*jɨʔɨ
|
insect sp. |
*tjusi
|
jaguar |
*jai
|
kingfisher |
*tjãsa
|
know |
*masi
|
lake |
*tj’itta
|
land / territory / region |
*jep’a
|
larva |
*p’ekko
|
leg; hips; knee |
*jɨ̃ka
|
locative / part-of-a-whole |
*-t’o
|
distant |
*tj’oa
|
macaw |
*maha
|
man |
*ɨmɨ
|
manioc |
*kɨi
|
monkey |
*takke
|
monkey sp. / coati |
*sisi
|
mosquito |
*mɨte
|
mouth |
*tj’ɨse (*jɨ-ʔo)
|
name |
*wãmi
|
navel |
*tʃõp’ɨ
|
non-3rd animate person |
-p’ɨ
|
nose |
*ɨ̃kʷ’e
|
paca |
*seme
|
pacu fish |
*uhu
|
palm weevil |
*pĩko
|
parrot |
*wekko
|
path |
*maʔa
|
peccary |
*tjẽse
|
penis |
*no-
|
people; 1.pl.inclusive |
*p’ã-tjã
|
(to) plant |
*otte
|
poison |
*tjima
|
pot / ceramics / clay |
*sot-
|
pupunha palm |
*ɨne
|
red |
*sõʔa
|
river |
*tj’ia
|
root |
*t’ɨ̃k ’o
|
(to) rub |
*sĩk’e
|
(to) sit |
|
(to) sleep |
*kã-
|
(to) smoke meat |
*sɨʔjo
|
snake |
*ãja
|
spider |
*p’ɨpɨ
|
spirit; ancestral |
*wãtti
|
(to) squeeze |
*p’ipo
|
(to) stop |
*nɨk’V
|
stone |
*k’ɨ̃ta
|
stump; stick, club |
*tu-tu
|
(to) swell |
*p’upi
|
tapir |
*wekkɨ
|
termite |
*p’utu
|
thorn; fishhook |
*pota
|
three |
*ɨt’ia
|
thunder |
*wɨ̃po
|
toad sp. |
*p’opa
|
tobacco |
*mɨt’o
|
tocandira ant |
*piata
|
tongue / liver |
*tj’eme
|
tooth |
*k’õpi
|
tortoise; turtle |
*k’oɨ
|
toucan |
*tj’ase (?)
|
traira fish |
*t’oje
|
tree |
*tjũkkɨ
|
(to) urinate |
*k’one
|
urucum (achiote) |
*p’õsa
|
(to) wait |
*kʷɨt’e
|
wasp |
*utti
|
water |
*okko
|
white; whitewash |
*p’o-
|
wife |
*t’ɨ̃po
|
wind |
*wĩno
|
woman |
*t’õmi-
|
woodpecker |
*kone
|
yam |
*jãp’o
|
you all |
*mɨ-tja
|
- ^ Chacon, Thiago (2013). On Proto-Languages and Archaeological Cultures: pre-history and material culture in the Tukanoan Family. In Revista Brasileira de Linguística Antropológica. Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 217-245.
- ^ Aracus. amazonwaters.org