vera
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈvɪəɹə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈvɪɹə/
- Rhymes: (Received Pronunciation) -ɪəɹə, (General American) -ɪɹə
Etymology 1Edit
From Vera Lynn.
NounEdit
vera (plural veras)
- (Cockney rhyming slang) A skin (rolling paper for cigarettes).
- 1992, The Shamen (band), Ebeneezer Goode (song)
- Has anybody got any veras? Lovely!
- 1992, The Shamen (band), Ebeneezer Goode (song)
Etymology 2Edit
As vega, with the "g" substituted with a "r" to represent risk-free (interest rate).
NounEdit
vera (uncountable)
- (finance) A second-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the rate of change of vega with respect to changes in the risk-free interest rate, or equivalently the rate of change of rho with respect to changes in the volatility of the underlying asset.
SynonymsEdit
HypernymsEdit
- (measure of derivative price sensitivity): Greeks (includes list of coordinate terms)
AnagramsEdit
AsturianEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
vera f (plural veres)
Related termsEdit
EseEdit
NounEdit
vera
EsperantoEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
AdjectiveEdit
vera (accusative singular veran, plural veraj, accusative plural verajn)
Related termsEdit
FaroeseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse vera (“to be”), from vesa, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- and *h₂wes-.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
vera (third person singular past indicative var, third person plural past indicative vóru, supine verið)
- (transitive, intransitive, takes nominative adjectives or nouns) to be
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of vera (irregular) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | vera | |
supine | verið | |
participle | verandi | - |
present | past | |
first singular | eri | var |
second singular | ert | vart |
third singular | er | var |
plural | eru | vóru |
imperative | ||
singular | ver! | |
plural | verið! |
NounEdit
vera f (genitive singular veru, plural verur)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of vera | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
f1 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | vera | veran | verur | verurnar |
accusative | veru | veruna | verur | verurnar |
dative | veru | veruni | verum | verunum |
genitive | veru | verunnar | vera | veranna |
IcelandicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse vera, earlier vesa, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną. Cognate with Danish være, Norwegian Bokmål være, Norwegian Nynorsk vera, and Swedish vara.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
vera (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative var, third-person plural past indicative voru, supine verið)
- (transitive, intransitive, takes nominative adjectives or nouns) to be
- Það er gaman að vera góður.
- It is fun being good.
- Að vera eða vera ekki.
- To be or not to be.
- Ég var kennari áður en ég gerðist stærðfræðingur.
- I was a teacher before I become a mathematician.
- Hvernig veistu að þetta sé ekki gildra?
- How do you know that this is not a trap?
Usage notesEdit
The subjunctive forms sé, sért, sé, séum, séuð and séu are used as other Icelandic verbs, e.g. when the situation is hypothetical. By contrast, the forms veri, verir, veri, verum, verið and veri are unique to the verb vera, in that they are used optatively to express desires; e.g., fari hann og veri means may he leave and never return, and the phrase peace be upon you is translated friður veri með þér.
InflectionEdit
Active voice (germynd) | singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative (framsöguháttur) | present (nútið) | er | ert | er | erum | eruð | eru |
past (þátíð) | var | varst | var | vorum | voruð | voru | |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | present (nútið) | sé, veri | sért, verir | sé, veri | séum, verum | séuð, verið | séu, veri |
past (þátíð) | væri | værir | væri | værum | væruð | væru | |
infinitive (nafnháttur) | vera | ||||||
imperatives (boðhættir) | active (germynd) | reflexive (miðmynd) | |||||
singular (+ þú) | vertu | — | |||||
plural (+ þið) | verið | — | |||||
shortened (stýfður) | ver | ||||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | verandi | ||||||
supine (sagnbót) | active (germynd) | reflexive (miðmynd) | |||||
verið | — |
Derived termsEdit
- ber er hver að baki
- ber er hver að baki, nema sér bróður eigi
- betri er krókur en kelda
- eins og komið er
- eins og kunnugt er
- eins og um var talað
- eins og vant er
- ekki er allt gull sem glóir
- hvað er þetta á ensku?
- koma til dyranna eins og maður er klæddur
- maður er manns gaman
- mér er flökurt
- sinn er siður í landi hverju
- sjaldan er ein báran stök
- sjón er sögu ríkari
- vera að
- vera af
- vera á
- vera á bandi
- vera án
- vera eftir
- vera eins og álfur út úr hól
- vera ekki við eina fjölina felldur
- vera frá
- vera fyrir
- vera hjá
- vera inn í
- vera inni
- vera með
- vera með kvef
- vera seinn
- vera seinn fyrir
- vera til
- vera um
- vera úr
- vera úti
- vera við
- það er betra að hafa vaðið fyrir neðan sig
- það er ýmist of eða van
- þetta er hebreska fyrir mér
NounEdit
vera f (genitive singular veru, nominative plural verur)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
AnagramsEdit
IdoEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Esperanto vera, Italian vero, French vrai and Spanish vero.
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
vera
Derived termsEdit
ItalianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Late Latin viria (“bracelet”), from Gaulish *viros (“round, crooked”), from Proto-Celtic *wēros (“crooked”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁ros (“turned, twisted, threaded”), from *weyh₁- (“to turn, twist, weave”).
NounEdit
vera f (plural vere)
- (northern Italian) wedding ring, wedding band
- Synonym: fede
- (architecture) puteal, wellhead
Etymology 2Edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
AdjectiveEdit
vera f sg
AnagramsEdit
LatinEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From vērus (“true”).
PronunciationEdit
- vēra: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu̯eː.ra/, [ˈu̯eːrä]
- vēra: (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈve.ra/, [ˈvɛːrä]
- vērā: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu̯eː.raː/, [ˈu̯eːräː]
- vērā: (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈve.ra/, [ˈvɛːrä]
AdjectiveEdit
vēra
- inflection of vērus:
DescendantsEdit
- French: voire
AdjectiveEdit
vērā
Etymology 2Edit
From vēr (“Spring”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
vēra n
ReferencesEdit
- “vera”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- vera in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Norwegian NynorskEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse vera, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną. The present tense is suppletive and is from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
vera (present tense er, past tense var, past participle vore, passive infinitive verast, present participle verande, imperative ver)
- to be
- Ikkje alle kunne vera til stades.
- Not everyone could be present.
Usage notesEdit
- This is a split infinitive verb.
ConjugationEdit
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “vera” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
AnagramsEdit
Old NorseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From vesa, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną.
VerbEdit
vera
- to be
ConjugationEdit
In certain contexts in poetry the initial vowel of certain forms of this verb could be dropped. Thus the form ro (normalized spelling ru), from ero (normalized eru), is found in Vǫlospá stanza 45 (scildir ro klofnir - shields are cloven).
The forms with /s/ instead of /r/ are older forms, found in older manuscripts. Note that although er comes from earlier es, eru does not come from earlier *esu.
infinitive | vera, vesa | |
---|---|---|
present participle | verandi, vesandi | |
past participle | verit | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | em | var, vas |
2nd-person singular | ert, est | vart, vast |
3rd-person singular | er, es | var, vas |
1st-person plural | erum | várum, vǫ́rum |
2nd-person plural | eruð | váruð, vǫ́ruð |
3rd-person plural | eru | váru, vǫ́ru |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | sjá, sé | væra |
2nd-person singular | sér | værir |
3rd-person singular | sé | væri |
1st-person plural | sém | værim |
2nd-person plural | séð, sét | værið |
3rd-person plural | sé | væri |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | ver, ves | |
1st-person plural | - | |
2nd-person plural | verið |
DescendantsEdit
- Icelandic: vera
- Faroese: vera
- Norwegian Nynorsk: vera; (dialectal) vère, vè, vårå, vørå, vørrø, vara, va
- Jamtish: vara, ve
- Elfdalian: wårå
- Old Swedish: vara, væra, væræ
- Swedish: vara
- Old Danish: wæræ, waræ
- Old Gutnish: wara
ReferencesEdit
- “vera”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- vera in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
PortugueseEdit
PronunciationEdit
- Rhymes: -ɛɾɐ
AdjectiveEdit
vera
ScotsEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
vera (not comparable)
- Alternative form of verra
AdverbEdit
vera (not comparable)
- Alternative form of verra
Serbo-CroatianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Slavic *věra, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁ros.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
vȅra f (Cyrillic spelling ве̏ра)
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
vȇra f (Cyrillic spelling ве̑ра)
DeclensionEdit
SloveneEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *věra.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
vẹ́ra f
InflectionEdit
Feminine, a-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
nom. sing. | véra | ||
gen. sing. | vére | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
véra | véri | vére |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
vére | vér | vér |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
véri | vérama | véram |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
véro | véri | vére |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
véri | vérah | vérah |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
véro | vérama | vérami |
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “vera”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
SpanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
vera f (plural veras)
- (poetic) side, face
- Synonym: lado
- a tu vera ― by your side.
- shore, bank (of a watercourse)
- edge, border
- Synonym: orilla
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Borrowed from English verawood.
NounEdit
vera f (plural veras)
Etymology 3Edit
Inflected form of vero
AdjectiveEdit
vera
Further readingEdit
- “vera”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014