vara
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish and Portuguese vara (“rod”), from Latin vāra (“fork”).
Noun edit
vara (plural varas)
- (historical) A traditional Spanish unit of length, equivalent to about 83.7 cm.
- (historical) A traditional Portuguese unit of length, equivalent to about 1.1 m.
- Synonyms: Portuguese rod, Portuguese ell, Portuguese yard, (Portuguese contexts) rod, ell, yard
- Coordinate terms: (1⁄40 vara) polegada, (1⁄5 vara) palmo, (3⁄10 vara) Portuguese foot, (3⁄5 vara) covado, (English equivalents to the vara) yard, rod, ell, (1 1⁄2 varas) passo, (1 4⁄5 varas) toesa, (2 varas) braça
- (historical) A traditional Spanish unit of area, equivalent to about 0.7 m².
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin vāra (“fork”). Cognate with Galician, Portuguese, and Spanish vara.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vara f (plural vares)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “vara” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “vara”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “vara” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “vara” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Estonian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Germanic *warā-, compare Swedish vara, German Ware, English ware. Cognate to Finnish vara and Livonian varā.
Noun edit
vara (genitive vara, partitive vara)
Inflection edit
Declension of vara (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vara | varad | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | vara | ||
genitive | varade | ||
partitive | vara | varasid | |
illative | varra varasse |
varadesse | |
inessive | varas | varades | |
elative | varast | varadest | |
allative | varale | varadele | |
adessive | varal | varadel | |
ablative | varalt | varadelt | |
translative | varaks | varadeks | |
terminative | varani | varadeni | |
essive | varana | varadena | |
abessive | varata | varadeta | |
comitative | varaga | varadega |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Baltic *vāras, compare Lithuanian voras (“old”). Cognate to Finnish varhain.
Adverb edit
vara (comparative varem)
Derived terms edit
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Low German waren.
Verb edit
vara (third person singular past indicative vardi, third person plural past indicative vart, supine vart)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of vara (group v-1) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | vara | |
supine | vart | |
participle (a7)1 | varandi | vardur |
present | past | |
first singular | vari | vardi |
second singular | varir | vardi |
third singular | varir | vardi |
plural | vara | vardu |
imperative | ||
singular | var! | |
plural | varið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Fijian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Oceanic *paraq from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *para (compare with Ilocano pára).
Noun edit
vara
- coconut heart or coconut apple, i.e. spongy cotyledon from a sprouting coconut
References edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *vara (compare Estonian vara), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *warō (compare Swedish vara (“goods”), vara (“care”), English ware (“aware”), aware, English ware (“goods”)).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vara
- reserve, backup
- Mäyrä tarvitsee paksun rasvakerroksen talven varaksi. ― A badger needs a thick layer of fat as a reserve for winter.
- Minulla on ylimääräinen tulppa varalla. ― I have an extra plug as backup.
- (in the plural) (natural) resources, (natural) reserves
- Synonym: luonnonvarat
- Irakilla on suuret öljyvarat. ― Iraq has large oil reserves.
- (in the plural) stores, stocks, reserves
- Synonym: varasto
- (usually in the plural) funds, means, assets, savings
- Synonyms: rahat, maksukyky (literally “ability to pay”), (asset) varallisuus
- Minulla ei ole tähän varaa. ― I can't afford this. (literally, “I don't have the funds for this.”)
- (usually in the singular) room, margin; allowance
- Muista jättää kutistumisen varaa. ― Remember to leave an allowance for shrinking.
- Minulla ei ole varaa autoon.
- I can't afford a car.
- Meillä ei ole varaa virheisiin. ― We have no margin for errors.
- (mostly in idioms and proverbs) caution, concern, care; often translated into English with an adjective, see also pitää varansa
- Synonym: varovaisuus
- Pidä varasi, ettet putoa. ― Be careful so that you don't fall.
- Ei vara venettä kaada. ― Caution does not overturn a boat. (proverb)
- (woodworking) a tool for cutting long grooves into (the bottoms of) logs for fitting, or for drafting where the grooves will be cut
- Synonym: varausrauta
Declension edit
Inflection of vara (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | vara | varat | ||
genitive | varan | varojen | ||
partitive | varaa | varoja | ||
illative | varaan | varoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | vara | varat | ||
accusative | nom. | vara | varat | |
gen. | varan | |||
genitive | varan | varojen varainrare | ||
partitive | varaa | varoja | ||
inessive | varassa | varoissa | ||
elative | varasta | varoista | ||
illative | varaan | varoihin | ||
adessive | varalla | varoilla | ||
ablative | varalta | varoilta | ||
allative | varalle | varoille | ||
essive | varana | varoina | ||
translative | varaksi | varoiksi | ||
abessive | varatta | varoitta | ||
instructive | — | varoin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms edit
- kaiken varalta (“just in case, just to make sure, to be on the safe side”)
- pitää varansa (“to watch out, watch one's step, be on one's guard, keep one's eyes open”)
- vara-
- elatusvara
- energiavara
- hellävarainen
- hellävaroin
- hätävara
- jakovara
- joustovara
- järjestelyvara
- kaivannaisvarat
- kasvunvara
- kotivara
- kuolemanvaravakuutus
- kutistumisvara
- käsivara
- käsivaralla
- käsivaralle
- käsivaralta
- leikkausvara
- liikkumavara
- liikkumisvara
- luonnonvara
- maavara
- maitovara
- malmivarat
- mineraalivara
- omavarainen
- painumavara
- pelivara
- polttoainevara
- puuvara
- ravintovara
- sanavarat
- sattumanvarainen
- saumanvara
- saumavara
- soravara
- säätövara
- takavara
- tasausvara
- työvara
- täysivarainen
- vaistonvarainen
- vakavarainen
- valinnanvara
- valtiovarat
- vara-amiraali
- vara-avain
- varahenkilö
- varainhankinta
- varainhoitaja
- varainhoito
- varainkeruu
- varainkeräys
- varainkerääjä
- varainsiirtovero
- varajohtaja
- varajäsen
- varakreivi
- varalaskupaikka
- varallaolo
- varamiehinen
- varamiehistö
- varamiehitys
- varamies
- varanotaari
- varaosa
- varaosamyyjä
- varaosamyymälä
- varapoistumistie
- varapresidentti
- varapuheenjohtaja
- varapuhemies
- varapyörä
- varapääministeri
- vararahasto
- vararavinto
- vararehtori
- varareitti
- vararengas
- varareservi
- vararikko
- varasija
- varatie
- varatoimitusjohtaja
- varattu
- varattu-ääni
- varatuomari
- varauloskäynti
- varauloskäytävä
- varavarjo
- varaventtiili
- varavoimakone
- varavoimala
- vieraanvara
- vierasvara
- voimavara
Collocations edit
- elää yli varojensa ― to live beyond one's means
- heittäytyä (+ genitive +) varaan ― to bank on, count on, depend on (literally, “to cast oneself on”)
- jättää sattuman varaan ― to leave to chance/contingency
- olla varaa (+ illative; monopersonal, verb always in the third-person singular, subject in the adessive) ― to afford (literally, “to have funds”)
- olla varalla ― to be in reserve/store, be at hand, be (readily) available
- olla (+ genitive +) varassa ― to rest on (physically), to rely/depend on (figuratively)
- olla (+ genitive +) varoissaan ― to be wealthy, be well-to-do, be flush (literally, “to be in one's funds”)
- rakentua (+ genitive +) varaan ― to be based on, be founded on, be grounded in
- siltä varalta, että... ― in case...
Further reading edit
- “vara”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Galician edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese vara (“rod”) attested in the 13th century Cantigas de Santa Maria, from Latin vāra (“fork”). Cognate with Catalan, Portuguese, and Spanish vara.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vara f (plural varas)
- a long and thin stick, pole or rod
- Synonym: valoira
- shoot; twig
- (historical, measure) vara, especially as a cloth yard, a former unit of length
- 1335, M. Lucas Álvarez, P. Lucas Domínguez, editors, El monasterio de San Clodio do Ribeiro en la Edad Media: estudio y documentos, Sada / A Coruña: Edicións do Castro, page 463:
- que den a uos Eluira Perez en uossa vida de tres en tres annos çinquo varas de valacyna noua ou os dineiros para ella, quantos ella custar enna tenda
- they should give you, Elvira Pérez, throughout your life each three years, five yards of new Valencian cloth or the money for them, whatever it costs in the store
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “vara” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “vara” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “vara” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “vara” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “vara” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
vara
- inflection of varar:
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
vara f (genitive singular vöru, nominative plural vörur)
- article, commodity
- (in the plural form) goods, wares, freight, commodities, merchandise
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- aðrar neytendavörur en matvæli (“non-food product”)
- afritunarvörur (“reprographic supplies”)
- alþjóðasamningur um viðskipti með mjólkurvörur (“International Dairy Agreement”)
- Bandalagsvörur (“Community goods”)
- blekvörur (“ink products”)
- brauðvörur (“bakery products, bread products, baker's wares”)
- búnaður til að meðhöndla vörur (“goods-handling equipment”)
- efnislegar fjárfestingarvörur (“tangible capital goods”)
- efnislegar vörur (“tangible goods”)
- einnota vörur (“disposable articles”)
- endursendar vörur (“returned consignments”)
- fiskveiðivörur (“articles for fishing”)
- fjárfestingarvörur (“capital goods, investment goods”)
- flugeldavörur (“pyrotechnic articles”)
- flugeldavörur (“pyrotechnics”)
- fótsnyrtivörur (“pedicure preparations”)
- framleiðsluvörur (“manufactured goods”)
- fullunnar vörur (“compensating products, final goods”)
- förðunarvörur (“make-up preparations”)
- gerð vörureikninga (“invoicing”)
- gerjaðar drykkjarvörur (“fermented beverages”)
- gullsmíðavörur (“goldsmiths'' wares”)
- handsnyrtivörur (“manicure preparations”)
- handverksvörur (“handicraft supplies”)
- hálfunnar vörur (“intermediate goods”)
- háraflitunarvörur (“hair bleaches”)
- hárlitunarvörur (“hair tints”)
- hárvörur (“articles for use with the hair”)
- hjúkrunarvörur (“medical goods”)
- hreingerningavörur (“cleaning products”)
- hreinlætisvörur (“toilet articles”)
- hreinsaðar olíuvörur (“refined petroleum products”)
- innfluttar vörur (“imported products”)
- innlendar vörur (“domestic goods”)
- íþróttavörur (“sports goods”)
- járnsmíðavörur (“blacksmiths' wares”)
- járnvörur (“hardware, ironmongery”)
- kornvörur (“cereals”)
- körfugerðarvörur (“basketware”)
- leðurvörur (“leather articles, leather goods”)
- leirvörur (“crockery”)
- markaðskynningarvörur (“promotion products”)
- markaður með notaðar vörur (“second-hand market”)
- millistigsvörur (“intermediary goods”)
- mjólkurvörur (“lactic products”)
- munaðarvörur (“luxury goods”)
- nefnd um textílvörur (“Textiles Committee”)
- neysluvörur sem ekki eru varanlegar (“consumer non-durables”)
- notaðar vörur (“second-hand goods”)
- of hár vörureikningur (“over invoicing”)
- óunnar vörur (“goods in the unaltered state”)
- pakki sem inniheldur tóbaksvörur (“unit packet of tobacco products”)
- rafeindavörur (“electronic supplies”)
- raftæknivörur (“electrotechnical supplies”)
- rafvörur til sérstakra nota (“special-purpose electrical goods”)
- rafvörur (“electrical goods”)
- rekstrarvörur til blóðlækninga (“haematological consumables”)
- rekstrarvörur til lækninga (“medical consumables”)
- rekstrarvörur til nota við geislagreiningar (“radiodiagnostic supplies”)
- rekstrarvörur til nota við sjúkdómsgreiningar (“diagnostic supplies”)
- rekstrarvörur til tannlækninga (“dental consumables”)
- rekstrarvörur (“consumables, supplies, production supplies”)
- samkeppnisvörur (“competitive products”)
- samlímdar vörur (“laminated products”)
- samningur um textílvörur og fatnað (“Agreement on Textiles and Clothing”)
- samsvarandi vörur (“corresponding goods”)
- silfursmíðavörur (“silversmiths' wares”)
- skattfrjálsar vörur (“tax-free goods”)
- skrifstofuvörur (“office supplies”)
- skömmtunarvél fyrir hreinlætisvörur (“sanitary dispensing machine”)
- smíðavörur (“smiths' wares”)
- snyrtivörur í duftformi (“powdered cosmetics”)
- snyrtivörur (“cosmetics, toiletry, toilet preparations, cosmetic articles”)
- sokkavörur (“hosiery”)
- steypuvörur úr hita- og þrýstihertri frauðsteypu (“autoclaved aerated concrete products”)
- steypuvörur úr léttri frauðsteypu (“lightweight aerated concrete products”)
- stoðtækjavörur (“orthopaedic supplies”)
- sviknar vörur (“counterfeit goods”)
- sælkeravörur (“delicatessen”)
- sætabrauð og brauðvörur (“pastry-cook product”)
- tankskip fyrir unnar olíuvörur (“product tanker”)
- tágasmíðavörur (“wickerwork”)
- textílvörur til innanhússnota (“interior textiles”)
- tollar á útfluttar vörur (“customs duties on exports”)
- tóbaksvörur (“tobacco goods”)
- tómstundavörur (“recreational goods”)
- trésmíðavörur (“carpentry”)
- tölvuvörur (“computer supplies”)
- unnar kornvörur (“cereal preparations”)
- upplýsingavörur (“information products”)
- útvega vörur (“supply goods”)
- varanlegar neysluvörur (“consumer durables”)
- veiðivörur (“articles for hunting”)
- viðskipti með framleiðsluvörur (“trade in products”)
- vísindanefnd um neysluvörur (“Scientific Committee on Consumer Products”)
- vísindanefnd um snyrtivörur og aðrar neytendavörur en matvæli (“Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products intended for Consumers”)
- vörur af ólíkum uppruna (“items of mixed provenance”)
- vörur á vörubrettum (“palletised goods”)
- vörur bundnar í stroffu (“pre-slung goods”)
- vörur frá löndum utan Bandalagsins (“non-Community goods”)
- vörur í dósum (“canned products”)
- vörur í gámum (“containerised freight”)
- vörur í krukkum (“jarred products”)
- vörur í tengslum við gagnagrunna (“database goods”)
- vörur í umbúðum (“packaged goods”)
- vörur í vistarverur manna (“furnishing articles”)
- vörur sem framleiddar eru til eigin neyslu (“goods produced for own consumption”)
- vörur sem greinarmunur er á (“differentiated products”)
- vörur sem nota orku (“energy-using products”)
- vörur sem tengjast menningu (“cultural goods”)
- vörur sem þjóna tvenns konar tilgangi (“dual-purpose products, dual-use goods”)
- vörur til að meðhöndla nýrnasjúklinga (“renal consumables”)
- vörur til einkanota (“personal goods”)
- vörur til heimilisnota (“household goods”)
- vörur til hreinlætisnota (“toilet requisites”)
- vörur til listsköpunar (“art supplies”)
- vörur til veitingarekstrar (“catering supplies”)
- vörur til æðamyndatöku (“angiography supplies”)
- vörur úr hertu gleri (“toughened glassware”)
- vörur úr jurtaríkinu (“vegetable products”)
- vörur úr keramíkgleri (“ceramic glassware”)
- vörur úr vefleysu (“articles made from non-wovens”)
- vörureikningur (“invoice”)
- yfirlýsing á vörureikningi (“invoice declaration”)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Norse vara, from Proto-Germanic *warōną.
Verb edit
vara (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative varaði, supine varað)
- (transitive, governs the accusative) to warn
- Synonym: gefa aðvörun
Conjugation edit
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að vara | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
varað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
varandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég vara | við vörum | present (nútíð) |
ég vari | við vörum |
þú varar | þið varið | þú varir | þið varið | ||
hann, hún, það varar | þeir, þær, þau vara | hann, hún, það vari | þeir, þær, þau vari | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég varaði | við vöruðum | past (þátíð) |
ég varaði | við vöruðum |
þú varaðir | þið vöruðuð | þú varaðir | þið vöruðuð | ||
hann, hún, það varaði | þeir, þær, þau vöruðu | hann, hún, það varaði | þeir, þær, þau vöruðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
vara (þú) | varið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
varaðu | variði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að varast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
varast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
varandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég varast | við vörumst | present (nútíð) |
ég varist | við vörumst |
þú varast | þið varist | þú varist | þið varist | ||
hann, hún, það varast | þeir, þær, þau varast | hann, hún, það varist | þeir, þær, þau varist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég varaðist | við vöruðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég varaðist | við vöruðumst |
þú varaðist | þið vöruðust | þú varaðist | þið vöruðust | ||
hann, hún, það varaðist | þeir, þær, þau vöruðust | hann, hún, það varaðist | þeir, þær, þau vöruðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
varast (þú) | varist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
varastu | varisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
varaður | vöruð | varað | varaðir | varaðar | vöruð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
varaðan | varaða | varað | varaða | varaðar | vöruð | |
dative (þágufall) |
vöruðum | varaðri | vöruðu | vöruðum | vöruðum | vöruðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
varaðs | varaðrar | varaðs | varaðra | varaðra | varaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
varaði | varaða | varaða | vöruðu | vöruðu | vöruðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
varaða | vöruðu | varaða | vöruðu | vöruðu | vöruðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
varaða | vöruðu | varaða | vöruðu | vöruðu | vöruðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
varaða | vöruðu | varaða | vöruðu | vöruðu | vöruðu |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
From Middle Low German waren (whence also Swedish vara, Norwegian vare, Danish vare), from Proto-West Germanic *waʀōn.
Verb edit
vara (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative varði, supine varað)
- (intransitive) to last, to continue, to go on
- Synonym: standa
- Hvað varir þetta lengi? ― How long will this last?
- (intransitive) to last, to endure, to be permanent
- Synonym: endast
Etymology 4 edit
Verb edit
vara (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative varði, supine varað)
- (impersonal) to expect
- 1990, the song Það sést ekki sætari mey ("None sweeter than me can be seen") from the album Gling-Gló by Björk Guðmundsdóttir & tríó Guðmundar Ingólfssonar (Lyrics)
- Og fyrr en mig varði
hver strákur á mig starði
eins og stelpur á gleym-mér-ei- Before I would know it
every boy would stare at me
the way girls do at forget-me-nots
- Before I would know it
- Gestirnir komu fyrr en mig varði. ― The guests arrived earlier than expected.
- 1990, the song Það sést ekki sætari mey ("None sweeter than me can be seen") from the album Gling-Gló by Björk Guðmundsdóttir & tríó Guðmundar Ingólfssonar (Lyrics)
Derived terms edit
- þá er minnst varði (“suddenly, unexpectedly”)
Etymology 5 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
vara
Etymology 6 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
vara
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *vara, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *waraz. Cognates include Finnish vara and Estonian vara.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑrɑ/, [ˈʋɑrɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑrɑ/, [ˈʋɑrɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑrɑ
- Hyphenation: va‧ra
Noun edit
vara
Declension edit
Declension of vara (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vara | varat |
genitive | varan | varroin |
partitive | varraa | varoja |
illative | varraa | varroi |
inessive | varas | varois |
elative | varast | varoist |
allative | varalle | varoille |
adessive | varal | varoil |
ablative | varalt | varoilt |
translative | varaks | varoiks |
essive | varanna, varraan | varoinna, varroin |
exessive1) | varant | varoint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 640
Italian edit
Etymology edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
vara
Verb edit
vara
- inflection of varare:
Anagrams edit
Jamtish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse vera (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *wesaną; see there for further details.
Pronunciation edit
- (Western dialects) IPA(key): [²ʋæːɾɐ], [¹ʋæ]
- (Hackås) IPA(key): [¹ʋæː]
- (Ragunda) IPA(key): [²ʋæra][1]
- (Fors) IPA(key): [²ʋaɾa]
Verb edit
vara
- to be
Declension edit
References edit
- ^ Söderström, Sven. 1972. Om kvantitetsutvecklingen i norrländska folkmål. p. 27
Karelian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *vara, borrowed from Germanic.
Noun edit
vara
Ladino edit
Etymology edit
From Spanish vara, ultimately derived from Latin vāra.
Noun edit
vara f (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling ב׳ארה, plural varas)
- stick, rod, crossbar
- (diminutive form, typography) The rafe lines in the shape of crossbars that can be used in Ladino orthography as diacritics on Hebrew script to alter the sound of letters to create new letters; a breve diacritic (˘) is placed on top of letters to form fricative consonant sounds, such as changing פ (/p/) into פﬞ (/f/); usually referred to by the diminutive varrica (“little crossbar”).
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From the feminine of the adjective vārus, vāra, vārum (“bent in; knock-kneed; different”).
Pronunciation edit
- vāra: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu̯aː.ra/, [ˈu̯äːrä]
- vāra: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈva.ra/, [ˈväːrä]
- vārā: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈu̯aː.raː/, [ˈu̯äːräː]
- vārā: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈva.ra/, [ˈväːrä]
Noun edit
vāra f (genitive vārae); first declension
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | vāra | vārae |
Genitive | vārae | vārārum |
Dative | vārae | vārīs |
Accusative | vāram | vārās |
Ablative | vārā | vārīs |
Vocative | vāra | vārae |
Descendants edit
Adjective edit
vāra
- inflection of vārus:
Adjective edit
vārā
Latvian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
See varš.
Noun edit
vara m
Etymology 2 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
vara f (4th declension)
Declension edit
Northern Sami edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vara
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
vara m or f
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
vara m (definite singular varaen, indefinite plural varaer or varaar, definite plural varaene or varaane)
- clipping of vararepresentant
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
vara (present tense varar/varer, past tense vara/varte, past participle vara/vart, passive infinitive varast, present participle varande, imperative vara/var)
- alternative form of vare
Etymology 3 edit
Verb edit
vara (present tense varar, past tense vara, past participle vara, passive infinitive varast, present participle varande, imperative vara/var)
- alternative form of vare
Noun edit
vara f
Etymology 4 edit
Noun edit
vara n
Etymology 5 edit
Verb edit
vara
- (dialectal, nonstandard) alternative form of vera
- 1949, Alf Prøysen, Dørstokken heme [The Doorstep at Home], Høvik, page 20:
- Nå kunde det vara det samma med alt.
- Now, it could be all the same [to him].
References edit
- “vara” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Old Swedish edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse vera, earlier vesa, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną. Cognate with Danish være, Icelandic vera.
Verb edit
vara
- To be
- to occupy a place, to be
Conjugation edit
present | past | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | vara, væra | — | |||
participle | vara | varin | |||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | æm, ær | sē, sēi, sī, æri, væri | — | var, uas | vāre |
þū | æst | sē, sēi, sī, æri, væri | æ | vart, uast | vāre |
han | ær | sē, sēi, sī, æri, væri | — | var, uas | vāre |
vīr | ærum | sēin, varin, værin | ærum | vārom | vāre |
īr | ærin | sēn, vari, værin | ærin | vārin | vāre |
þēr | æru, æra, aru | sē | — | vāro | vāre |
Descendants edit
- Swedish: vara
Pali edit
Alternative forms edit
Adjective edit
vara
- excellent
- noble
Declension edit
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | varo | varā |
Accusative (second) | varaṃ | vare |
Instrumental (third) | varena | varehi or varebhi |
Dative (fourth) | varassa or varāya or varatthaṃ | varānaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | varasmā or varamhā or varā | varehi or varebhi |
Genitive (sixth) | varassa | varānaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | varasmiṃ or varamhi or vare | varesu |
Vocative (calling) | vara | varā |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | varā | varāyo or varā |
Accusative (second) | varaṃ | varāyo or varā |
Instrumental (third) | varāya | varāhi or varābhi |
Dative (fourth) | varāya | varānaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | varāya | varāhi or varābhi |
Genitive (sixth) | varāya | varānaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | varāya or varāyaṃ | varāsu |
Vocative (calling) | vare | varāyo or varā |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | varaṃ | varāni |
Accusative (second) | varaṃ | varāni |
Instrumental (third) | varena | varehi or varebhi |
Dative (fourth) | varassa or varāya or varatthaṃ | varānaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | varasmā or varamhā or varā | varehi or varebhi |
Genitive (sixth) | varassa | varānaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | varasmiṃ or varamhi or vare | varesu |
Vocative (calling) | vara | varāni |
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
vara m or n
- wish, boon, favour
Declension edit
As the masculine or neuter of the adjective above, as appropriate.
Verb edit
vara
- second-person singular imperative active of varati (“to desire”)
References edit
Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “vara”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Portuguese edit
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -aɾɐ
- Hyphenation: va‧ra
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese vara (“rod”), from Latin vāra (“fork”). Cognate with Catalan, Galician, and Spanish vara.
Noun edit
vara f (plural varas)
- (historical, measure) vara, a Portuguese rod, yard or ell, a former unit of length about equal to 1.1 m
- (historical, measure) square vara, a former unit of area about equal to 1.2 m²
- Synonym: vara quadrada
- Coordinate terms: (1⁄25 vara) palmo, (403 1⁄3 varas) aguilhada, (4,840 varas) geira
- a stick, a twig
- a district court, an original court, a trial court or court of first instance
- (collective) herd of pigs
- (collective) band of coatis
- (vulgar, slang) the penis
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
vara
- inflection of varar:
Further reading edit
- “vara” in iDicionário Aulete.
- “vara” in Dicionário inFormal.
- “vara” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
- “vara” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
- “vara” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
- “vara” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
vara
- in the summer
Noun edit
vara f
Serbo-Croatian edit
Noun edit
vara (Cyrillic spelling вара)
Verb edit
vara (Cyrillic spelling вара)
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Latin vāra (“fork”). Cognate with Catalan, Galician, and Portuguese vara.
Noun edit
vara f (plural varas)
- rod, pole (a long thin stick)
- rod (a thin cane or branch)
- Synonym: rama
- rod (a staff of office)
- (bullfighting) lance
- (historical, measure) vara, a Spanish rod or yard (a traditional unit of length equivalent to about 83.7 cm)
- (historical, measure) vara, a square vara (a traditional unit of area equivalent to about 0.7 m²)
- Synonym: vara cuadrada
- Coordinate terms: (100 varas) fanega, (10,000 varas) manzana
- yardstick (a straight-edge tool for measuring length)
- (figurative) yardstick (a standard used to establish a baseline for measurements or comparisons)
- Synonym: estándar
- 2020 October 4, Franco Mizrahi, “La doble vara de la Corte Suprema de Justicia: los casos sensibles que posterga el máximo tribunal”, in El Destape[2]:
- La inusual celeridad con la que la Corte Suprema de Justicia abordó el caso de los jueces Leopoldo Bruglia, Pablo Bertuzi y Germán Castelli expuso la doble vara con la que el Tribunal Supremo toma o deja los expedientes que le llegan.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective edit
vara
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
vara
- inflection of varar:
Further reading edit
- “vara”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /²vɑːra/, (verb, usually) /vɑː/
audio (file) - Pronunciation of the present tense form är usually varies between /eː/ and /ɛː/ depending on the accent. The pronunciation /ɛːr/, [æːɾ] also occurs, especially when it is stressed, in ceremonial speech, or increasingly also due to spelling pronunciation.
- Rhymes: -²ɑːra, -ɑː
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Swedish vara, væra from Old Norse vera, earlier vesa, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną. Cognate with Danish være, Icelandic vera, Norwegian være.
Verb edit
vara (present är, preterite var, supine varit, imperative var)
- to be
- to occupy a place, to be (somewhere)
- Var har du varit?
- Where have you been?
- Synonyms: befinna sig, finnas, ligga, sitta, stå
- to occur, to take place
- Det var fest igår
- There was a party yesterday
- (uncommon) to exist
- c. 1847, Carl August Hagberg, translation of Shakespeare's Hamlet (c. 1601), act 3, scene 1
- Att vara eller icke vara, det är frågan:
Månn’ ädlare att lida och fördraga
Ett bittert ödes styng och pilar eller
Att ta till vapen mot ett haf af qval- To be or not to be– that is the question:
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles
- To be or not to be– that is the question:
- Att vara eller inte vara, det är frågan
- To be or not to be, that is the question
- Synonyms: finnas, finnas till, existera, vara till
- c. 1847, Carl August Hagberg, translation of Shakespeare's Hamlet (c. 1601), act 3, scene 1
- (copulative) Indicates that the subject and object are the same.
- Bruce Wayne är Batman
- Bruce Wayne is Batman
- (copulative, mathematics) Indicates that the values on either side of an equation are the same.
- ett plus ett är två
- one plus one is two
- (copulative) Indicates that the subject plays the role of or belongs to the group represented by the predicate nominal. This is idiomatically applied more broadly compared to English, as the examples below show. Including an article or making the noun definite – like in English – is not ungrammatical and does not change the meaning of the examples – it is only unidiomatic (and often intuitively redundant to native speakers, for example for giving a count of one (en/ett) to a role, similar to how "became a president" sounds to English speakers).
- Han blev president 2007
- He became president in 2007 (same in Swedish as in English)
- Hon är läkare
- She is a doctor
- Är hon bagare?
- Is she a baker?
- Han var soldat
- He was a soldier
- Han har varit löjtnant
- He has been a lieutenant
- Hon är lagkapten
- She is a/the team captain
- Han är frimurare
- He is a Freemason
- Han är filmfantast
- He is a movie buff
- Hon har blivit mamma
- She has become a mother
- Vem är far till barnen?
- Who is the father of the children?
- Vem är storasyster och vem är lillasyster?
- Who is the big sister and who is the little sister?
- att vara människa
- to be a human
- Hon är läkare, soldat och mamma på samma gång
- She is a doctor, a soldier, and a mother at the same time
- Hon är en skicklig läkare
- She is a skilled doctor ("Skilled doctor" is not considered a "role," so an article (en) appears in this example, like in English)
- (copulative) Connects a noun to an adjective that describes it.
- Såsen är krämig
- The sauce is creamy
- 1917 translation, the Bible, Deuteronomy (Femte Mosebok), 1:26
- Men I villen icke draga ditupp, utan voren gensträviga mot Herrens, eder Guds, befallning.
- Notwithstanding ye would not go up, but rebelled against the commandment of the Lord your God.
- Forms a passive voice that indicates a state or a completed action. The examples below show comparisons against -s, which also forms the passive voice. The examples are kept basic for the sake of illustration and do not always represent the most idiomatic way to say things in neither Swedish nor English.
- Rummet städas
- The room is cleaned (is being cleaned right now (or, alternatively, is cleaned from time to time, as opposed to never being cleaned))
- Rummet är städat
- The room is clean ("is cleaned" in the sense of "has been cleaned")
- Rummet städas en gång i veckan
- The room is cleaned once a week
- Rummet är städat en gång i veckan
- The room is clean once a week (an unusual thing to say in Swedish as well)
- Huset målades förra veckan, så det var målat när jag gick förbi det för en timme sen
- The house was painted last week, so it was painted (had painted walls) when I walked past it an hour ago
- Vi räddades av en räddningshelikopter
- We were rescued by a rescue helicopter (a rescue helicopter came and rescued us)
- Vi var räddade
- We had been rescued ("We were rescued" in the sense of "We had (the property of having) been rescued" as opposed to "Someone came and rescued us" – "We were rescued" is used to express both in English, but Swedish separates them)
- Pojken räddades av hunden
- The boy was saved by the dog
- Pojken var räddad av hunden
- The boy had the property of having been saved by the dog (had at some earlier time been saved by the dog – odd-sounding in Swedish too)
- Pojken hade räddats av hunden
- The boy had been saved by the dog (for comparison – idiomatic-sounding)
- Bilen körs
- The car is driven (right now (or from time to time))
- Bilen är körd
- The car is driven (has been driven (in some context), has more than zero kilometers on the odometer (if talking generally))
- Synonyms: (when putting stress on the process) bli, (archaic, only still commonly used in the past tense form vart) varda
- (archaic) Used to form the perfect aspect with certain intransitive verbs.
- Jag är uppstigen sedan en timme ― I have been out of bed for an hour
- Used to indicate things like age, height, temperature, weather, ...
- to occupy a place, to be (somewhere)
Usage notes edit
Although the past subjunctive in most verbs is viewed as dated (see: Appendix:Swedish verbs), vore is still very much in use by young speakers, even in informal or colloquial language.
Conjugation edit
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | vara | — | ||
Supine | varit | — | ||
Imperative | var | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | varen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | är | var | — | — |
Ind. plural1 | äro | voro | — | — |
Subjunctive2 | vare | vore | — | — |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | varande | |||
Past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
- See also:
Alternative forms edit
- va (strongly colloquial)
Related terms edit
Noun edit
vara n
- existence, being
- Varats olidliga lätthet ― The Unbearable Lightness of Being (1984 novel by Milan Kundera)
Declension edit
Declension of vara | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Uncountable | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | |||
Nominative | vara | varat | — | — |
Genitive | varas | varats | — | — |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Swedish vara, from Middle Low German waren, from Old Saxon waron, from Proto-Germanic *warōną. Cognate with Danish vare.
Verb edit
vara (present varar, preterite varade, supine varat, imperative vara)
Conjugation edit
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | vara | — | ||
Supine | varat | — | ||
Imperative | vara | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | varen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | varar | varade | — | — |
Ind. plural1 | vara | varade | — | — |
Subjunctive2 | vare | varade | — | — |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | varande | |||
Past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
From Old Swedish vara, from Old Norse vari, cognate with Danish vare, possibly from an unattested Old Swedish *vari (“care”), related to Icelandic vari (“caution, carefullness”), but influenced by Middle Low German ware namen, related to German wahren, wahrnehmen.
Noun edit
vara c
- care
- ta vara på ― take care of, keep, not throw away, not waste
- ta sig till vara ― be careful, beware
Usage notes edit
- Only used in expressions like the ones in the usage examples above.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 4 edit
From Old Swedish vara, from Old Norse vara, from Middle Low German ware. Cognate with Danish vare, German Ware, English ware. Could be related to Sanskrit वर (vara, “valuable”).
Noun edit
vara c
Declension edit
Declension of vara | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | vara | varan | varor | varorna |
Genitive | varas | varans | varors | varornas |
Related terms edit
- apoteksvara
- basvara
- beställningsvara
- bristvara
- bruksvara
- byggvara
- bytesvara
- charkuterivara
- charkvara
- dagligvara
- dryckesvara
- dussinvara
- ersättningsvara
- exportvara
- fabriksvara
- frysvara
- färdigvara
- färskvara
- förbrukningsvara
- galanterivara
- gottköpsvara
- handelsvara
- hygienvara
- hårdvara
- importvara
- industrivara
- insatsvara
- järnvara
- kapitalvara
- kilovara
- kolonialvara
- konditorivara
- konsumtionsvara
- kvalitetsvara
- kylvara
- köttvara
- lockvara
- manufakturvara
- maskinvara
- matvara
- mejerivara
- metervara
- mjukvara
- märkesvara
- nödvändighetsvara
- programvara
- pälsvara
- reavara
- råvara
- specerivara
- stapelvara
- starkvara
- substitutvara
- surrogatvara
- sällanköpsvara
- säsongsvara
- sötvara
- textilvara
- tobaksvara
- torrvara
- trikåvara
- trävara
- utskottsvara
- vardagsvara
- varubelåning
- varubeställning
- varubeteckning
- varubil
- varubrist
- varubud
- varubuss
- varubörs
- varudeklaration
- varudeklarera
- varudistribution
- varuexport
- varufakta
- varuförsörjning
- varugrupp
- varuhiss
- varuhus
- varuimport
- varuintag
- varukorg
- varukännedom
- varulag
- varulager
- varumängd
- varumärke
- varumässa
- varunamn
- varuparti
- varupris
- varuproduktion
- varuprov
- varuskatt
- varuslag
- varusmuggling
- varusortiment
- varutrafik
- varutransport
- varuutbyte
- varuvagn
- vitvara
- våtvara
Etymology 5 edit
Attested since 1664. From var (“pus”) + -a.
Verb edit
vara (present varar, preterite varade, supine varat, imperative vara)
- to generate pus
- Såret började vara efter några timmar.
- The wound began to fill with pus after a few hours.
Conjugation edit
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | vara | varas | ||
Supine | varat | varats | ||
Imperative | vara | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | varen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | varar | varade | varas | varades |
Ind. plural1 | vara | varade | varas | varades |
Subjunctive2 | vare | varade | vares | varades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | varande | |||
Past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
References edit
- vara in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- vara in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- vara in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- vara in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Anagrams edit
Veps edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *vara, borrowed from Germanic. Cognates include Finnish vara.
Noun edit
vara
Inflection edit
Inflection of vara (inflection type 5/sana) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | vara | ||
genitive sing. | varan | ||
partitive sing. | varad | ||
partitive plur. | varoid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vara | varad | |
accusative | varan | varad | |
genitive | varan | varoiden | |
partitive | varad | varoid | |
essive-instructive | varan | varoin | |
translative | varaks | varoikš | |
inessive | varas | varoiš | |
elative | varaspäi | varoišpäi | |
illative | varaha | varoihe | |
adessive | varal | varoil | |
ablative | varalpäi | varoilpäi | |
allative | varale | varoile | |
abessive | varata | varoita | |
comitative | varanke | varoidenke | |
prolative | varadme | varoidme | |
approximative I | varanno | varoidenno | |
approximative II | varannoks | varoidennoks | |
egressive | varannopäi | varoidennopäi | |
terminative I | varahasai | varoihesai | |
terminative II | varalesai | varoilesai | |
terminative III | varassai | — | |
additive I | varahapäi | varoihepäi | |
additive II | varalepäi | varoilepäi |