German gloss |
English gloss |
Proto-Khoe |
Proto-Khoekhoe
|
entfliehen / fortlaufen |
escape / run away |
*be |
|
Biene / Honig |
bee / honey |
*dani |
*//dani
|
Spur / Weg |
track / path |
*dao |
*//dao
|
(ver)brennen |
burn |
*dao |
|
Feuer quirlen / (Perlen durchbohren) |
beating fire / (piercing pearls) |
*dodo |
|
Kehle |
throat |
*dom |
*//dom
|
Schaf |
sheep |
*gu |
*//gu
|
kommen |
come |
*ha |
*//ha
|
(Wasser) holen / (pflücken) |
fetch (water) / (pick) |
*hade |
|
vier |
four |
*haka |
*//haka
|
machen / tun |
make / do |
*hĩ |
|
groß |
large |
*kai |
|
Rückseite |
back |
*kau (*kao) |
|
Jahr |
year |
*kudi |
|
graben |
dig |
*khao |
*//khao
|
Haut / Fell |
skin / fur |
*kho |
|
Mensch |
human |
*khoe |
*//khoe
|
heben |
lift |
*khui |
|
trinken |
drink |
*kxʔa |
*//kxʔa
|
Impala / (Antilopenart) |
impala / (antelope species) |
*kxʔada |
|
Gesicht |
face |
*kxʔai |
|
schreien / weinen |
scream / cry |
*kxʔai |
*//kxʔa
|
lachen |
laugh |
*kxʔãi |
*//kxʔãi
|
Leber |
liver |
*kxʔãi |
*//kxʔãi
|
Mund |
mouth |
*kxʔam |
*//kxʔam
|
Geier |
vulture |
*kxʔam |
*//kxʔani
|
erfreuen / gefallen |
delight / please |
*kxʔanu |
|
männlich |
male |
*kxʔao |
*//kxʔao
|
bitter |
bitter |
*kxʔau |
|
Fleisch essen |
eat meat |
*kxʔo |
*//kxʔo
|
leben |
life |
*kxʔũi |
*//kxʔũi
|
Laus |
louse |
*kxʔuni |
*//kxʔuri
|
geben |
give |
*ma |
*//ma
|
sagen |
say |
*mĩ |
*//mĩ
|
beißen |
bite |
*pa |
|
Muttermilch |
breast milk |
*pi |
*//pi
|
ablehnen / verweigern |
reject / refuse |
*sa |
|
(ein Jagdziel) verfehlen |
(a hunting target) miss |
*sa |
|
(sich) ausruhen |
(rest |
*sã |
*//sã
|
Frauenbrust |
woman's breast |
*sam |
|
Lunge |
lung |
*so |
*//so
|
(mit dem Messer) schnitzen |
carve (with the knife) |
*so |
*//so
|
Schatten |
shadow |
*som |
|
leicht (sein) |
(be) light |
*subu |
*//subu
|
Oberschenkel |
thigh |
*tĩ |
|
Weggehen / wegziehen |
go away / move away |
*toe |
|
(ver)schlucken / (ver)schlingen |
(swallow) swallow / (swallow) |
*tom |
|
regnen / (Regen) |
rain / (rain) |
*tu |
*//tu
|
weich (sein) |
be soft |
*tham |
*//tham
|
Asche |
ash |
*thau (*thao) |
|
schmerzen |
pain |
*thũ |
*//thũ
|
häuten / rupfen |
skinning / plucking |
*thudu |
*//thuru
|
Wunde |
wound |
*thui; */habi |
*//thui
|
sauer |
angry |
*tsadu |
*/xuru
|
schicken |
send |
*tsai |
*/xai
|
Schwanz |
tail |
*tsáó |
|
mit Medizin behandeln |
treat with medicine |
*tso |
*//so
|
Schale / Schote |
shell / pod |
*tsodo |
*//soro
|
Exkrement / Dung / Übel |
excrement / manure / evil |
*tsu |
|
stehlen |
steal |
*tsʔã̂ |
*/xʔã
|
scharf |
sharp |
*tsʔai |
*/xʔai
|
Rauch / rauchen (intr) |
smoke / smoke (intr) |
*tsʔani |
*/xʔan
|
in ein Gefäß melken |
milk into a jar |
*tsʔao |
*/xʔao
|
hinken |
limp |
*tsʔi |
|
verderben (intr) / verrotten |
spoil (intr) / rot |
*tsʔo |
|
schwellen |
swell |
*xãi |
*//xãi
|
Löwe |
lion |
*xam |
*//xam
|
Ding / Sache |
thing / thing |
*xu |
*//xu
|
zurücklassen |
leave behind |
*xu |
*//xu
|
zerreiben |
grate |
*xun |
|
sich schnauben |
snort |
*xuni |
|
(Kind) gebären / Kind im Tragfell tragen |
give birth (child) / carry child in carrying skin |
*ʔaba |
*//ʔaba
|
(kurz auf eine(n) Frage / Zuruf) antworten |
answer (briefly to a question / shout) |
*ʔoe |
|
Kopfbedeckung |
headgear |
*/aba |
*/aba
|
zwei |
two |
*/am |
*/am
|
Büffel |
buffalo |
*/ao |
|
Kind |
child |
*/õa |
|
saugen |
suck |
*/om |
*/om
|
nah (sein) |
be close |
*/u |
*/u
|
eins |
one |
*/ui |
|
Blatt |
sheet |
*/̰ana |
*/ã
|
Fliege |
fly |
*/̰ani |
|
Fuchs / (Schakal?) |
fox / (jackal?) |
*/̰idi |
|
lieben |
love |
*/̃am |
*/am
|
Baum, dessen Rinde pulverisiert auf die Haut aufgetragen wird |
tree whose bark is applied to the skin in powder form |
*/̃ao |
|
Bein |
leg |
*/̃u |
*/u
|
Muskelfleisch / (Körper) |
muscle meat / (body) |
*/xa |
|
(rituell) bespeien |
spit (ritually) |
*/xai |
*/xai
|
Urin / urinieren |
urine / urinate |
*/xam |
|
Orakel |
oracle |
*/xu |
|
zittern / frösteln |
shiver / shiver |
*/xu |
|
listig / (tüchtig) (sein) |
crafty / (efficient) (to be) |
*/xudi |
|
(ver)fluchen |
(to curse |
*/xui |
|
erbrechen |
vomit |
*/xũi |
*/xũi
|
Schlange |
snake |
*/xʔao |
*/xʔao
|
voll sein |
being full |
*/xʔoa |
*/xʔoa
|
Name |
surname |
*/xʔon |
*/xʔon
|
Feuer |
fire |
*/ʔai |
*/ʔai
|
Blut |
blood |
*/ʔao |
*/ʔau
|
trocken (sein) |
be dry |
*/ʔo |
*/ʔo
|
Haar |
hair |
*/ʔũ |
*/ʔũ
|
vergessen |
forget |
*/ʔudu |
|
Stein |
stone |
*/ʔui |
*/ʔui
|
verschwägerte Person. |
in-law person. |
*/ʔui |
|
hineingehen / hineintun |
go in / put in |
*≠ã |
*≠ã
|
Mark / Fruchtfleisch |
marrow / pulp |
*≠ai (*≠ae) |
*≠ai (*≠ae)
|
Ohr |
ear |
*≠ai |
*≠ai
|
Herz |
heart |
*≠ao |
*≠ao
|
folgen |
consequences |
*≠oa |
|
Krokodil |
crocodile |
(*≠ona) |
|
Nase |
nose |
*≠ui |
*≠ui
|
gießen |
water |
*≠̃a |
|
tanzen |
dance |
*≠̃a |
*≠̃a
|
pfeifen |
pipes |
*≠̃am |
*≠̃am
|
Holzkohle |
charcoal |
*≠̃om (*≠̃um) |
*≠̃om (*≠̃um)
|
sich setzen |
sit down |
*≠̃u (*ũ) |
*≠̃u (*≠̃ũ)
|
schwarz |
black |
*≠̃Nu |
*≠̃u
|
Auge / (aufwachen) |
eye / (wake up) |
*≠xai |
*≠xai
|
Elefant |
elephant |
*≠xoa |
*≠xoa
|
Gehirn |
brain |
*≠xũ |
*≠xũ
|
spucken |
spit |
*≠xʔai (*≠xʔae) |
|
hinausgehen |
go out |
*≠xʔoa |
*≠xʔoa
|
Ried / Schilf |
ried / reeds |
*≠ʔa |
*≠ʔa
|
Oberseite |
top |
*≠ʔam |
*≠ʔam
|
wissen |
knowledge |
*≠ʔam |
*≠ʔan
|
denken / beschließen |
think / decide |
*≠ʔin |
|
eng / schmal |
tight narrow |
*≠ʔo |
|
essen (allg.) |
eat |
*≠ʔũ |
*≠ʔũ
|
(nach etwas) suchen / wollen |
search / want (for something) |
*!a |
|
hart |
hard |
*!adi |
|
binden |
tie |
*!ae |
*!ae
|
gut / richtig |
good / correct |
*!ãi |
*!ãi
|
eine (Tier-)Spur verfolgen |
follow a (animal) trail |
*!ama |
|
schwer (sein) |
(be) heavy |
*!óḿ (*!úḿ) |
*!om (*!um)
|
gehen |
go |
*!ũ |
*!ũ
|
Kann |
can |
*!̰an(i) |
|
blasen |
blow |
*!̰om (*!̰um) |
*!om
|
Unterarm / (Hand) |
forearm / (hand) |
*!̰om(a) (*!̰um) |
|
Breitmaulnashorn |
white rhinoceros |
*!̃aba |
*!̃aba
|
dürrer rindenloser Baum |
dry barkless tree |
*!̃ada |
|
Giraffe |
giraffe |
*!̃ae (*!̃ai) |
*!̃ae
|
Kinnlade / Unterkiefer |
jaw / lower jaw |
*!̃ani |
*!̃ani
|
Stachelschwein |
porcupine |
*!̃oa (*!̃ua) |
|
drei |
three |
*!̃ona (*!̃una) |
*!̃ona
|
weit (sein) |
(be) far |
*!̃u |
*!̃u
|
Fuß |
foot |
*!̃Nadi |
*!̃ari
|
nähen |
sew |
*!xan(i) |
|
Flußpferd |
hippopotamus |
*!xao |
|
halten |
hold |
*!xo |
*!xo
|
Pfeife |
pipe |
*!xo |
|
weglaufen |
run away |
*!xoe |
|
Perle |
pearl |
*!xʔam |
|
Hals / Nacken |
neck |
*!xʔao |
|
stechen / speeren |
stab / spear |
(*!hae) |
|
Pflanze sp. (Hyphaene ventricosa) |
plant sp. (Hyphaene ventricosa) |
*!hani |
|
durchbohren |
pierce |
*!hui |
*!hui
|
Gesicht / Stirn |
face / forehead |
*!ʔã |
|
sich einen Schurz umbinden |
tie a skirt |
*!ʔã |
|
wissen / kennen |
know |
*!ʔã |
|
sich fürchten |
be afraid |
*!ʔao |
*!ʔao
|
Hase |
rabbit |
*!ʔõa |
|
Abend |
eve |
*!ʔui |
|
Akazienbaum (Acacia erioloba) |
acacia tree (Acacia erioloba) |
*//ada |
|
Finger-, Fußnagel / (Huf) |
fingernail, toenail / (hoof) |
*//ado (*//odo) |
*//oro
|
zeigen |
demonstrate |
*//an |
|
einzäunen |
fence |
*//ãu |
*//ãu
|
herabkommen / hinab- gehen |
come down / go down |
*//õa |
|
sich hinlegen |
lay down |
*//oe |
*//oe
|
Elter |
parent |
*//ũ |
*//ũ
|
Zahn |
tooth |
*//ũ |
|
Grabwasserloch / Brunnen |
digging hole / well |
*//̰ana |
|
Ahne(ngeist) |
ancestor |
*//̰aũa |
|
erzählen / mitteilen |
tell / communicate |
*//̃a |
|
Horn |
horn |
*//̃a |
|
zählen |
counting |
*//̃ae |
*//̃ae
|
singen / tanzen |
sing / dance |
*//̃ai |
*//̃ai
|
alt (von Dingen) |
old (of things) |
*//̃ao |
*//̃ao
|
buttern / (schütteln) |
butter / (shake) |
*//̃ubu |
*//̃ubu
|
Fett / Öl |
fat / oil |
*//̃ui |
*//̃ui
|
öffnen |
open |
*//xoba |
*//xoba
|
waschen |
wash |
*//xʔa |
*//xʔa
|
satt sein |
be full |
*//xʔã |
|
Baumrinde |
tree bark |
*//xʔũ |
|
(Hacke) / wachsen (Pflanzen) |
(hoe) / grow (plants) |
*//hao |
*//hao
|
Behälter |
container |
*//hoe |
|
Löffelhund |
bat-eared dog |
*//ʔa |
*//ʔa
|
kämpfen |
fight |
*//ʔã |
|
Ader / Muskel / Sehne |
vein / muscle / tendon |
*//ʔaba |
|
in die Hände klatschen |
clap your hands |
*//ʔam |
|
erwerben / (kaufen) |
acquire / (buy) |
*//ʔam(a) |
*//ʔam(a)
|
wohnen / siedeln |
live / settle |
*//ʔan(i) |
*//ʔan
|
sterben |
die |
*//ʔo |
*//ʔo
|
Arm |
poor |
*//ʔõa |
|
schlafen |
sleep |
*//ʔom |
*//ʔom
|
husten |
cough |
*//ʔui |
*//ʔui
|
lang (sein) |
(be) long |
|
*//gaxu
|
Rind |
beef |
|
*//goma
|
riechen |
smell |
|
*//ham
|
(Wasser) holen / (pflücken) |
fetch (water) / (pick) |
|
*//hare
|
Jagdbogen |
hunting bow |
|
*//kha
|
aufstehen / sich erheben |
get up |
|
*//khaĩ
|
sprechen |
speak |
|
*//khom
|
Sonne |
sun |
|
*//sore
|
sich schämen |
be ashamed |
|
*//tao
|
fragen |
ask |
|
*//tĩ
|
(ver)schlucken |
(swallow |
|
*//tom
|
schwimmen |
swim |
|
*//thã
|
Asche (1) |
ash (1) |
|
*//thao
|
Hund |
dog |
|
*//ʔari
|
klein |
small |
|
*/a
|
Gras |
grass |
|
*/ã
|
andere(r) |
another |
|
*/ĩ
|
listig / (tüchtig)(sein) |
crafty / (efficient) (to be) |
|
*/xuri
|
niesen |
sneeze |
|
*/xʔam
|
verderben (intr) / verrotten |
spoil (intr) / rot |
|
*/xʔo
|
sich versammeln |
gather together |
|
*/hũ
|
Strauß |
ostrich |
|
*/ʔami
|
Salz |
salt |
|
*/ʔu
|
verschwägerte Person |
in-law person |
|
*/ʔui
|
Metall / Eisen |
metal / iron |
|
*/ʔuri
|
rauchen (tr) |
smoke (tr) |
|
*≠ai (*≠ae)
|
breit (sein) |
be broad |
|
*≠haba
|
Heuschrecke |
grasshopper |
|
*≠hom (*≠hum)
|
Wind |
wind |
|
*≠ʔoa
|
Kinn |
chin |
|
*!an
|
schneiden |
cut |
|
*!ao
|
(perennierender) Fluß |
(perennial) river |
|
*!ari
|
Bauch / Eingeweide / Magen |
belly / viscera / stomach |
|
*!̃a
|
schnarchen |
snoring |
|
*!xadu
|
(Vieh-)Kral |
(cattle) kraal |
|
*!hada
|
jagen |
hunt |
|
*!hami
|
Feld / Garten |
field / garden |
|
*!hana
|
Boden / Erde |
soil / earth |
|
*!hu
|
klopfen |
beat |
|
*!hũ
|
Beil |
ax |
|
*!ʔo
|
herabkommen / hinabgehen |
come down / go down |
|
*//õa
|
fallen |
fall |
|
*//̃a
|
Dorn(busch) |
thorn (bush) |
|
*//xu
|
Sandale |
sandal |
|
*//habo
|
bellen |
bark |
|
*//hu
|
käntpfen |
fight |
|
*//ʔã
|