Wiktionary

並

See also: 并, 幷, and 竝
並 U+4E26, 並
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E26
← 严
[U+4E25] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 丧 →
[U+4E27]

並 U+FA70, 並
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA70
[unassigned: U+FA6E–U+FA6F]
← 舘
[U+FA6D] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 况 →
[U+FA71]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Alternative forms edit

  • A graphical variant exists for this character, with the dots on either side of the bottom component 亚 written as right angles (𠃊 and 𠃎) instead of the usual dots (丶 and ㇒).

Han character edit

並 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+7, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿廿金 (TTC), four-corner 80102, composition ⿱䒑业 or ⿱丷亚(U+4E26) or ⿳䒑⿲𠃊⿰丨丨𠃎一(U+FA70))

Derived characters edit

Further reading edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 78, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 54
  • Dae Jaweon: page 157, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 246, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4E26

Chinese edit

trad. 並
simp. 并*
alternative forms 傡
竝
𡘋
𠀤

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 並
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
             
Bronze inscriptions
 

b15309

 

b15310

 

b15311

 

b15312

Small seal script
 

s07575

Transcribed ancient scripts
 

L35159

 

L35160

 

L35161

 

L35162

 

L35163

 

L35164

File:ACC-L35165.svg

L35165

File:ACC-L35166.svg

L35166

File:ACC-L35167.svg

L35167

File:ACC-L17728.svg

L17728

File:ACC-L17729.svg

L17729

File:ACC-L17730.svg

L17730

File:ACC-L17731.svg

L17731

File:ACC-L17732.svg

L17732

File:ACC-L17733.svg

L17733

File:ACC-L17734.svg

L17734

File:ACC-L17735.svg

L17735

File:ACC-L17736.svg

L17736

File:ACC-L17737.svg

L17737

File:ACC-L17738.svg

L17738

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (並) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
湴 *breːms
跰 *preŋs, *beːn
並 *beːŋʔ
竝 *beːŋʔ

From the clerical script (隸書) of 竝 (OC *beːŋʔ), originally depicting two people standing side-by-side.

Pronunciation 1 edit

Note:
  • bêng - literary;
  • piâng - vernacular.
Note:
  • “than; to compete; the most”:
    • pēng (Xiamen, Zhangzhou);
    • pěng (Quanzhou);
    • phēng (Zhangzhou, Taiwan.
  • other senses:
    • pēng.
Note:
  • bong6 - vernacular;
  • bêng6 - literary.
Rime
Character 並
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 蒲迥切
Baxter bengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/beŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/beŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bɛŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/bɛjŋX/
Li
Rong 		/beŋX/
Wang
Li 		/bieŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱieŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bing6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 並
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bìng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bengX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[b]ˁeŋʔ/
English side by side, together

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 並
Reading # 1/1
No. 964
Phonetic
component 		並
Rime
group 		耕
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		竝
Old
Chinese 		/*beːŋʔ/
Notes 同竝，隸變爲並

Definitions edit

並

  1. to be side by side; to be in a row
    並存／并存  ―  bìngcún  ―  to coexist
  2. simultaneously; at the same time
  3. Used before a negative for emphasis; actually; in fact
    並非／并非  ―  bìngfēi  ―  in fact is not
    我並沒有跟他說。 [MSC, trad.]
    我并没有跟他说。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ bìng méiyǒu gēn tā shuō. [Pinyin]
    I have not told them anything.
  4. and; moreover; furthermore
    並且／并且  ―  bìngqiě  ―  moreover
  5. (Southern Min) than
    並你較好／并你较好 [Taiwanese Hokkien]  ―  phēng lí khah hó [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  better than you
  6. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to compete; to match one's strength with
  7. (Taiwanese Hokkien) the most
    這個囡仔並愛哭的。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
    这个囡仔并爱哭的。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
    Chit-ê gín-á phēng ài khàu--ê. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    This kid likes to cry the most.
  8. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 並 (MC bengX)

Compounds edit

Pronunciation 2 edit

Definitions edit

並

  1. † Alternative form of 傍 (“to be near; approaching”)

Japanese edit

Shinjitai

並

Kyūjitai

竝

Kanji edit

並

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 竝)

Readings edit

As a variant of 徬/傍:[1]

As a variant of 伴, and as in 同竝:[1]

Pronunciation edit

See also edit


Kanji in this term
並
なみ
Grade: 6
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
竝 (kyūjitai)
並み

Noun edit

並(なみ) • (nami) 

  1. something medium, average, common, ordinary
  2. a row or line of things

Compounds edit

Suffix edit

並(なみ) • (-nami) 

  1. average, medium

References edit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), et al. 広漢和辞典 (Kō Kan-Wa Jiten, “Extensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 3 vols. plus an index. 1981–1982. Tokyo: Taishukan.
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja edit

並 (eumhun 나란히 병 (naranhi byeong))

  1. Hanja form? of 병 (“side by side, together, in order”).

並 (eumhun 아우를 병 (aureul byeong))

  1. Hanja form? of 병 (“combine, annex”).

並 (eumhun 곁 방 (gyeot bang))

  1. Hanja form? of 방 (“side, vicinity”).

並 (eumhun 땅 이름 반 (ttang ireum ban))

  1. Hanja form? of 반 (“used in place names”).

References edit

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

並: Hán Nôm readings: tịnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References edit

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