Wiktionary

英

英 U+82F1, 英
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82F1
← 苰
[U+82F0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 苲 →
[U+82F2]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

英 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 8 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 廿中月大 (TLBK), four-corner 44530, composition ⿱艹央)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1024, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30808
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1484, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3192, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+82F1

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (央) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鴦 *qaːŋ, *qaŋ
佒 *qaːŋ
咉 *qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
眏 *qaːŋ
姎 *qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
坱 *qaːŋʔ
映 *qaːŋʔ, *qraŋs
泱 *qaːŋʔ, *qaŋ
盎 *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
駚 *qaːŋʔ, *qaŋʔ
軮 *qaːŋʔ
醠 *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
央 *qaŋ
秧 *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ
殃 *qaŋ
鞅 *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
鉠 *qaŋ, *qraŋ
雵 *qaŋ
胦 *qaŋ, *qroːŋ
柍 *qaŋʔ
詇 *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs, *qraŋs
岟 *qaŋʔ
炴 *qaŋʔ
怏 *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
紻 *qaŋʔ
英 *qraŋ
瑛 *qraŋ
霙 *qraŋ
韺 *qraŋ
媖 *qraŋ
渶 *qraŋ
鶧 *qraŋ
楧 *qraŋ
暎 *qraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraŋ) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ).

Etymology 1 edit

trad. 英
simp. # 英
alternative forms 偀 ancient

Uncertain. There are several possibilities:

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • iaⁿ - vernacular;
  • eng - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 英
Mandarin Beijing /iŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /iŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iŋ²¹/
Jinan /iŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /iŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /iŋ²¹/
Xining /iə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /in⁵⁵/
Chengdu /in⁵⁵/
Guiyang /in⁵⁵/
Kunming /ĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /in³¹/
Hefei /in²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /iŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /in⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔin³³/
Wenzhou /j̠aŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /iɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /in³³/
Xiangtan /in³³/
Gan Nanchang /in⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /in⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /in²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jeŋ⁵³/
Nanning /jeŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /iŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /eiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /eŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /eŋ²³/
Rime
Character 英
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於驚切
Baxter 'jaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔiajŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiɐŋ/
Wang
Li 		/ĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jing1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 英
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yīng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjæng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔ<r>aŋ/
English young grass plants

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 英
Reading # 1/1
No. 14510
Phonetic
component 		央
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		霙
Old
Chinese 		/*qraŋ/

Definitions edit

英

  1. (literary) flower; blossom
  2. (of a person) outstanding
    英才  ―  yīngcái  ―  person of outstanding ability
    英姿  ―  yīngzī  ―  heroic bearing
  3. fine; excellent
    英名  ―  yīngmíng  ―  illustrious name
  4. (literary) finest part; quintessence
    含英咀華／含英咀华  ―  hányīngjǔhuá  ―  to savour the merits of a literary work
  5. hero; outstanding person
    群英  ―  qúnyīng  ―  ensemble of talents
  6. (obsolete) panache on a lance
  7. a surname
    英布  ―  Yīng Bù  ―  Ying Bu (warlord and vassal king who lived in the early Han dynasty)

Compounds edit

Etymology 2 edit

trad. 英
simp. # 英
alternative forms 𠸄

Short form of 英吉利 (Yīngjílì, “England”) or 英格蘭／英格兰 (Yīnggélán, “England”).

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

英

  1. (short form) Britain
    英軍／英军  ―  yīngjūn  ―  British Armed Forces
  2. (short form) English language
    中英數／中英数 [Cantonese]  ―  zung1 jing1 sou3 [Jyutping]  ―  Chinese, English and mathematics
  3. (in compounds) imperial (relating to the British imperial system of measurement)
    英寸  ―  yīngcùn  ―  inch

Compounds edit

Etymology 3 edit

trad. 英
simp. # 英

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

英

  1. Used in transcription.

Compounds edit

Etymology 4 edit

trad. 英
simp. # 英

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

英

  1. (Hokkien) Alternative form of 塕 (eng, “(of dust, sand, etc.) to rise and permeate; to fill the air or get onto something”)

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

英

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. English
  2. flower, petal
  3. hero

Readings edit

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term
英
えい
Grade: 4
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 英 (MC 'jaeng).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation edit

Proper noun edit

英(えい) • (Ei) 

  1. Short for 英吉利 (Igirisu, “United Kingdom”).

Affix edit

英(えい) • (ei) 

  1. Short for 英吉利 (Igirisu, “United Kingdom”).
  2. Short for 英語 (eigo, “English (language)”).
  3. outstanding; outstanding person
  4. flower; calyx

Derived terms edit

Derived terms

References edit

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 英 (MC 'jaeng).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅙᅧᇰ (Yale: qyèng)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 곳부리 (Yale: kwòspwùlì) 여ᇰ (Yale: yèng)

Pronunciation edit

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

英 (eumhun 꽃부리 영 (kkotburi yeong))

  1. Hanja form? of 영 (“the UK, Great Britain (in compounds, in news media)”).
  2. Hanja form? of 영 (“petal”). [affix]

Compounds edit

Compounds

Proper noun edit

Hanja in this term
英

英 • (Yeong) (hangeul 영)

  1. (in headlines) Short for 英(영)國(국) (Yeongguk, “the United Kingdom”).

Usage notes edit

In news headlines, this is often written in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any hanja.

References edit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

英: Hán Việt readings: anh
英: Nôm readings: anh, yêng

Noun edit

英 • (anh)

  1. Nôm form of anh (“older brother”).

References edit

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