Wiktionary

影

影 U+5F71, 影
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F71
← 彰
[U+5F70] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 彲 →
[U+5F72]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

影 (Kangxi radical 59, 彡+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 日火竹竹竹 (AFHHH), four-corner 62922, composition ⿰景彡)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 364, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10019
  • Dae Jaweon: page 684, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 857, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5F71

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 影
2nd round simp. 𢒈

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 影
Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song)
Transcribed ancient scripts
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (京) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涼 *ɡ·raŋ, *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs
凉 *ɡ·raŋ
椋 *ɡ·raŋ
綡 *ɡ·raŋ
輬 *ɡ·raŋ
諒 *ɡ·raŋs
掠 *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raɡ
弶 *ɡaŋs
京 *kraŋ
麖 *kraŋ
鶁 *kraŋ
景 *kraŋʔ
鯨 *ɡraŋ
黥 *ɡraŋ
勍 *ɡraŋ
剠 *ɡraŋ
倞 *ɡraŋs
影 *qraŋʔ
璟 *qraŋʔ, *kʷraŋʔ
憬 *kʷraŋʔ
暻 *kʷraŋʔ
澋 *ɡʷraːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qraŋʔ): phonetic 景 (OC *kraŋʔ) + semantic 彡.

EtymologyEdit

Unclear. Various etymologies have been proposed:

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • yǐngr - “shadow; reflection; vague impression”.
  • Cantonese
    • Note:
    • jing2 - literary;
    • jeng2 - vernacular (rare).
    Note:
    • yen2 - literary;
    • yiang2 - vernacular.
  • Gan
    • Note:
    • iang3 - vernacular;
    • in3 - literary.
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
    • Note:
    • ōng - vernacular;
    • īng - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • iáⁿ - vernacular;
    • ńg/ngh - vernacular (limited, e.g. 樹影／树影);
    • éng - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 影
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 影 (34)
    Final (韻) 庚 (111)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 於丙切
    Baxter 'jaengX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ʔˠiæŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʔᵚiaŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ʔiaŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʔiajŋX/
    Li
    Rong         		/ʔiɐŋX/
    Wang
    Li         		/ĭɐŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ʔi̯ɐŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yǐng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		jing2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 影
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		yǐng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ʔjængX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*qraŋʔ/
    English shadow (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 影
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6837
    Phonetic
    component         		京
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		影
    Old
    Chinese         		/*qraŋʔ/
    Notes 古作景，顏之推說葛洪字苑始加彡

    DefinitionsEdit

    影

    1. shadow
    2. image
    3. trace (of human presence); presence (of people or things); occurrence (of events)
    4. picture; photograph
    5. (chiefly in compounds) film; movie
      影視／影视  ―  yǐngshì  ―  film and television
      影星  ―  yǐngxīng  ―  movie star
    6. (Cantonese) to take (a picture)
    7. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 影 (MC ʔˠiæŋX)

    SynonymsEdit

    • (shadow):
    Dialectal synonyms of 影子 (“shadow”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 影
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 影子
    Mandarin Beijing 影子, 影兒
    Taiwan 影子
    Yantai (Muping) 影兒
    Jinan 影子, 影兒
    Wanrong 影兒
    Xi'an 影子, 影影兒
    Wuhan 影子
    Chengdu 影子
    Yangzhou 影子
    Hefei 影子
    Singapore 影子
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 影子, 影影子, 影影兒
    Dagudi (Maliba) 影子
    Reshuitang (Longling) 影子, 影影
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 影子
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 影子
    Cantonese Guangzhou 影
    Hong Kong 影
    Yangjiang 影
    Beihai 影子
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 影子
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 影子
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 影子
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 影
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 影
    Móng Cái 影
    Bangkok (Guangfu) 影
    Gan Nanchang 影子
    Lichuan 影仔
    Hakka Meixian 影仔, 影
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 影仔
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 影仔
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 影, 影仔
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 影
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 影
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 影
    Senai (Huiyang) 影
    Bangkok (Jiexi) 影
    Jin Taiyuan 影子, 影戶兒
    Min Bei Jian'ou 影
    Min Dong Fuzhou 影
    Min Nan Xiamen 影
    Quanzhou 影
    Zhangzhou 影
    Taipei (Wanhua) 影
    Kaohsiung 影
    Yilan 影
    Changhua (Lukang) 影
    Taichung 影
    Taichung (Wuqi) 影
    Tainan 影
    Taitung 影
    Hsinchu 影
    Penghu (Magong) 影
    Chaozhou 影
    Shantou 影
    Jieyang 影
    Bangkok (Teochew) 影
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 影
    Pontianak (Teochew) 影
    Leizhou 影
    Haikou 影
    Puxian Min Xianyou 影
    Wu Suzhou 影子
    Hangzhou (Fuyang) 影子
    Wenzhou 影
    Xiang Changsha 影子
    Xiangxiang 影子
    Shuangfeng 影子
    • (picture):
    Dialectal synonyms of 照片 (“photograph”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 照片, 相片
    Mandarin Beijing 相片兒
    Taiwan 相片
    Jinan 相片, 照片, 相片兒, 照片兒
    Luoyang 相片兒
    Wanrong 相片兒
    Xi'an 相片兒
    Ürümqi 相片子
    Wuhan 相片子, 相片, 相
    Chengdu 相片
    Guilin 相片
    Yangzhou 照片, 小照
    Hefei 相片
    Singapore 照片
    Dagudi (Maliba) 相片
    Reshuitang (Longling) 相片
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 相片
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 相片
    Cantonese Guangzhou 相片, 相
    Hong Kong 相
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 相
    Taishan 相
    Taishan (Guanghai) 相片, 相
    Yangjiang 相
    Rongxian 相片
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 相片
    Hepu (Shatian) 相片
    Beihai 相片
    Beihai (Nankang) 相片
    Beihai (Yingpan) 相片
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 相片
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 相片
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 相片
    Ipoh (Guangfu) 相
    Singapore (Guangfu) 相片, 相
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 相片
    Móng Cái 相片
    Mandalay (Taishan) 相片
    Bangkok (Guangfu) 相片
    Betong (Rongxian) 相片
    Gan Nanchang 相片, 相片子
    Hakka Meixian 相片
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 相片, 寫真
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 相片, 寫真
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 相片, 寫真
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 相片, 寫真
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 相片, 寫真
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 相片, 寫真, 寫真相
    Hong Kong 相片
    Jin Taiyuan 相片子, 照相片
    Min Bei Jian'ou 相, 相片
    Min Dong Fuzhou 相, 相片
    Matsu 相片
    Min Nan Xiamen 像片, 相, 小影
    Quanzhou 像片
    Zhangzhou 影
    Taipei 相片, 寫真
    Penang (Hokkien) 小影
    Singapore (Hokkien) 像
    Manila (Hokkien) 像
    Chaozhou 相
    Shantou 相片, 相
    Jieyang 小影, 相, 相片
    Bangkok (Teochew) 相片
    Chiang Mai (Teochew) 相
    Hat Yai (Teochew) 小影, 相片
    Singapore (Teochew) 像
    Pontianak (Teochew) 相
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 相
    Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 相片
    Wu Shanghai 照相, 照片, 寫真
    Suzhou 照, 照片
    Wenzhou 照相
    Xiang Changsha 相片子, 相片, 相
    Shuangfeng 相片子, 相片
    • (to take (a picture)):

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 影

    DescendantsEdit

    • → Zhuang: ingj (“to take (a picture)”)

    ReferencesEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    影

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    Bound apophonic form of 影 (kaga).

    NounEdit

    影(かが) • (kaga) 

    1. light
    2. a shape or form reflected in light
    3. a shadow
    Derived termsEdit

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    影
    かげ
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    影 (kaga) +‎ い (-i) > kage. Unbound apophonic form of 影 (kaga).

    From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kankay. Cognate with 陰 (kage, “shadow”).[1][2]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    影(かげ) • (kage) 

    1. shadow
      馬(うま)の影(かげ)
      uma no kage
      a shadow of a horse
    2. a shape or form reflected in light
    3. presence
      この町(まち)は影(かげ)が薄(うす)い。
      Kono machi wa kage ga usui.
      This town's presence is little.
    4. negative aspect
      高度(こうど)経済(けいざい)成長(せいちょう)の影(かげ)
      kōdo keizai seichō no kage
      the negative aspect of the high economic growth
    AntonymsEdit
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 3Edit

    Kanji in this term
    影
    えい
    Grade: S
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese 影 (MC ʔˠiæŋX).

    The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

    PronunciationEdit

    AffixEdit

    影(えい) • (ei) 

    1. shadow
    2. light
    3. a shape or form reflected in light
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 4Edit

    Kanji in this term
    影
    よう
    Grade: S
    goon

    From Middle Chinese 影 (MC ʔˠiæŋX).

    The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

    PronunciationEdit

    AffixEdit

    影(よう) • (yō) 

    1. (rare) Alternative form of 影 (ei)

    See alsoEdit

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ “影・景”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
    2. ^ “影”, in デジタル大辞泉 (Dejitaru Daijisen)‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
    3. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    影 (eumhun 그림자 영 (geurimja yeong))

    1. Hanja form? of 영 (“shadow”).

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    影: Hán Nôm readings: ảnh

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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