Wiktionary

影

影 U+5F71, 影
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F71
← 彰
[U+5F70] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 彲 →
[U+5F72]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

影 (Kangxi radical 59, 彡+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 日火竹竹竹 (AFHHH), four-corner 62922, composition ⿰景彡)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 364, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10019
  • Dae Jaweon: page 684, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 857, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5F71

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
 影
2nd round simp. 𢒈
alternative forms 蔭／荫 (Hokkien)

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 影
Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song)
Transcribed ancient scripts
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (京) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涼 *ɡ·raŋ, *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs
凉 *ɡ·raŋ
椋 *ɡ·raŋ
綡 *ɡ·raŋ
輬 *ɡ·raŋ
諒 *ɡ·raŋs
掠 *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raɡ
弶 *ɡaŋs
京 *kraŋ
麖 *kraŋ
鶁 *kraŋ
景 *kraŋʔ
鯨 *ɡraŋ
黥 *ɡraŋ
勍 *ɡraŋ
剠 *ɡraŋ
倞 *ɡraŋs
影 *qraŋʔ
璟 *qraŋʔ, *kʷraŋʔ
憬 *kʷraŋʔ
暻 *kʷraŋʔ
澋 *ɡʷraːŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraŋʔ) : phonetic 景 (OC *kraŋʔ) + semantic 彡.

Etymology edit

Unclear. Various etymologies have been proposed:

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • yǐngr - “shadow; reflection; vague impression”.
Note:
  • jing2 - literary;
  • jeng2 - vernacular (rare).
Note:
  • yen2 - literary;
  • yiang2 - vernacular.
Note:
  • iang3 - vernacular;
  • in3 - literary.
Note:
  • ōng - vernacular;
  • īng - literary.
Note:
  • iáⁿ - vernacular;
  • ńg/ngh - vernacular (limited, e.g. 樹影／树影);
  • éng - literary.
Rime
Character 影
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於丙切
Baxter 'jaengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔˠiæŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔᵚiaŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiaŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔiajŋX/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiɐŋX/
Wang
Li 		/ĭɐŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯ɐŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yǐng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jing2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 影
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yǐng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjængX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*qraŋʔ/
English shadow (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 影
Reading # 1/1
No. 6837
Phonetic
component 		京
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		影
Old
Chinese 		/*qraŋʔ/
Notes 古作景，顏之推說葛洪字苑始加彡

Definitions edit

影

  1. shadow
  2. image
  3. trace (of human presence); presence (of people or things); occurrence (of events)
  4. picture; photograph
  5. (chiefly in compounds) film; movie
    影視／影视  ―  yǐngshì  ―  film and television
    影星  ―  yǐngxīng  ―  movie star
  6. (Cantonese) to take (a picture or video)
  7. (Hokkien) shade
  8. (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 影 (MC 'jaengX)

Synonyms edit

  • (shadow):
Dialectal synonyms of 影子 (“shadow”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 影
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 影子
Mandarin Beijing 影子, 影兒
Taiwan 影子
Yantai (Muping) 影兒
Jinan 影子, 影兒
Wanrong 影兒
Xi'an 影子, 影影兒
Wuhan 影子
Chengdu 影子
Yangzhou 影子
Hefei 影子
Singapore 影子
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 影子, 影影子, 影影兒
Dagudi (Maliba) 影子
Reshuitang (Longling) 影子, 影影
Mae Salong (Lancang) 影子
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 影子
Cantonese Guangzhou 影
Hong Kong 影
Yangjiang 影
Beihai 影子
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 影子
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 影子
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 影子
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 影
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 影
Móng Cái 影
Bangkok (Guangfu) 影
Gan Nanchang 影子
Lichuan 影仔
Hakka Meixian 影仔, 影
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 影仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 影仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 影, 影仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 影
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 影
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 影
Senai (Huiyang) 影
Bangkok (Jiexi) 影
Jin Taiyuan 影子, 影戶兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 影
Eastern Min Fuzhou 影
Southern Min Xiamen 影
Quanzhou 影
Zhangzhou 影
Taipei (Wanhua) 影
Kaohsiung 影
Yilan 影
Changhua (Lukang) 影
Taichung 影
Taichung (Wuqi) 影
Tainan 影
Taitung 影
Hsinchu 影
Penghu (Magong) 影
Manila (Hokkien) 影
Chaozhou 影
Shantou 影
Jieyang 影
Bangkok (Teochew) 影
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 影
Pontianak (Teochew) 影
Leizhou 影
Haikou 影
Puxian Min Xianyou 影
Wu Suzhou 影子
Hangzhou (Fuyang) 影子
Wenzhou 影
Xiang Changsha 影子
Xiangxiang 影子
Shuangfeng 影子
  • (picture):
Dialectal synonyms of 照片 (“photograph”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 照片, 相片
Mandarin Beijing 相片兒
Taiwan 相片
Jinan 相片, 照片, 相片兒, 照片兒
Luoyang 相片兒
Wanrong 相片兒
Xi'an 相片兒
Ürümqi 相片子
Wuhan 相片子, 相片, 相
Chengdu 相片
Guilin 相片
Yangzhou 照片, 小照
Hefei 相片
Singapore 照片
Dagudi (Maliba) 相片
Reshuitang (Longling) 相片
Mae Salong (Lancang) 相片
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 相片
Cantonese Guangzhou 相片, 相
Hong Kong 相
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 相
Taishan 相
Taishan (Guanghai) 相片, 相
Kaiping (Chikan) 相
Yangjiang 相
Rongxian 相片
Hepu (Lianzhou) 相片
Hepu (Shatian) 相片
Beihai 相片
Beihai (Nankang) 相片
Beihai (Yingpan) 相片
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 相片
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 相片
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 相片
Ipoh (Guangfu) 相
Singapore (Guangfu) 相片, 相
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 相片
Móng Cái 相片
Mandalay (Taishan) 相片
Bangkok (Guangfu) 相片
Betong (Rongxian) 相片
Gan Nanchang 相片, 相片子
Hakka Meixian 相片
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 相片, 寫真
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 相片, 寫真
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 相片, 寫真
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 相片, 寫真
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 相片, 寫真
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 相片, 寫真, 寫真相
Hong Kong 相片
Jin Taiyuan 相片子, 照相片
Northern Min Jian'ou 相, 相片
Eastern Min Fuzhou 相, 相片
Matsu 相片
Southern Min Xiamen 像片, 相, 小影, 影
Quanzhou 像片, 影
Zhangzhou 影
Taipei 相片, 寫真
Penang (Hokkien) 小影
Singapore (Hokkien) 像
Manila (Hokkien) 像
Chaozhou 相
Shantou 相片, 相
Jieyang 小影, 相, 相片
Bangkok (Teochew) 相片
Chiang Mai (Teochew) 相
Hat Yai (Teochew) 小影, 相片
Singapore (Teochew) 像
Pontianak (Teochew) 相
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 相
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 相片
Wu Shanghai 照相, 照片, 寫真
Suzhou 照, 照片
Wenzhou 照相
Xiang Changsha 相片子, 相片, 相
Shuangfeng 相片子, 相片
  • (to take (a picture)):

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

  • → Zhuang: ingj (“to take (a picture)”)

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

影

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology 1 edit

Bound apophonic form of 影 (kaga).

Noun edit

影(かが) • (kaga) 

  1. light
  2. a shape or form reflected in light
  3. a shadow
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
影
かげ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Unbound apophonic form of 影 (kaga).

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kankay. Cognate with 陰 (kage, “shadow”).[1][2]

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

影(かげ) • (kage) 

  1. shadow
    馬(うま)の影(かげ)
    uma no kage
    a shadow of a horse
  2. a shape or form reflected in light
  3. presence
    この町(まち)は影(かげ)が薄(うす)い。
    Kono machi wa kage ga usui.
    This town's presence is little.
  4. negative aspect
    高度(こうど)経済(けいざい)成長(せいちょう)の影(かげ)
    kōdo keizai seichō no kage
    the negative aspect of the high economic growth
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Derived terms

Etymology 3 edit

Kanji in this term
影
えい
Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 影 (MC 'jaengX).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation edit

Affix edit

影(えい) • (ei) 

  1. shadow
  2. light
  3. a shape or form reflected in light
Derived terms edit
Derived terms

Etymology 4 edit

Kanji in this term
影
よう
Grade: S
goon

From Middle Chinese 影 (MC 'jaengX).

The goon pronunciation, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation edit

Affix edit

影(よう) • (yō) 

  1. (rare) Alternative form of 影 (ei)

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ “影・景”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. ^ “影”, in デジタル大辞泉‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja edit

影 (eumhun 그림자 영 (geurimja yeong))

  1. Hanja form? of 영 (“shadow”).

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

影: Hán Nôm readings: ảnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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