cedo

See also: cędo, čedo, and Čedo

Esperanto

Etymology

See cedi +‎ -o.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sedo/
• Rhymes: -edo
• Hyphenation: ce‧do

Noun

cedo (accusative singular cedon, plural cedoj, accusative plural cedojn)

1. abandonment, assignment, cession, compliance, concession

Synonyms

• (abandonment): forlaso, diboĉeco, abandono, delaso, dezerteco, diboĉado, fordono, forlasiteco, translaso, senafekteco
• (assignment): asigno, tasko, atribuo, alpostenigo, delego, engaĝo, valorizo
• (cession): rezigno
• (compliance): obeo, cedada, ebeeco, observo, cedado, konformiĝo, obeado, observemo
• (consession): koncesio, cedaĵo, cedemo, koncedo

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cedo, from Latin cito (“soon”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (eastern) [ˈθeðʊ], (western) [ˈseðʊ]

Adverb

cedo

1. early, soon, before expected
2. early in the morning or in the night
   • 1390, José Luis Pensado Tomé, editor, Os Miragres de Santiago, Madrid: C.S.I.C, page 86:

     Et entõ o caualeiro desapareçeulle, et el espantouse com grã medo, et leuãtouse moy çedo de manãa et cõtou a todos o que lle acaeçera et todo los da oste marauillarõse moyto

     And then the knight vanished and he was frightened with great fear; and he got up early in the morning and told everyone what happened to him, and everybody in the army marveled

Derived terms

• Cedofeita
• Cedofeito
• Sedofeito

References

• “cedo”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “cedo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “cedo”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “cedo”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “cedo”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “cedo”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃɛ.do/
• Rhymes: -ɛdo
• Hyphenation: cè‧do

Verb

cedo

1. first-person singular present indicative of cedere

Anagrams

• code

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *kezdō, further derivation disputed.

• Perhaps it is from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyesdʰ- (“to drive away; to go away”). Cognates include Sanskrit सेधति (sedhati, “to drive, chase away”) and Avestan 𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬀𐬝 (siiazdat̰, “will chase away”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyazd-, *ćižd-.
• Others derive it from *ḱe (“this, here”) + *sed- (“to sit down”). For the semantic development "to sit down" > "to go and sit" > "to go" compare the cognates English set out, Sanskrit उपसीदति (upasīdati, “to approach”), Ancient Greek ὁδός (hodós, “road”), and Proto-Slavic *xodъ, *xoditi.
• Others derive the ending from -dō (“to put”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkeː.doː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛː.d̪o]

Verb

cēdō (present infinitive cēdere, perfect active cessī, supine cessum); third conjugation

1. (intransitive) to go, move, proceed, go along, move along
   • c. 191 BCE, Plautus, Pseudolus 4.1.44–45:

     SIMŌ. Illīcine est? PSEUDOLUS. Illīc est. SIMŌ. Mala merx est, Pseudole. Illūc sīs vidē,
     ut trānsvorsus, nōn prōvorsus cēdit, quasi cancer solet.

     SIMO. Is he there? PSEUDOLUS. There he is. SIMO. He's a bad piece, Pseudolus. Look at that,
     how he goes sideways, not forwards, as a crab does.

2. (intransitive) to result, turn out, happen, yield
3. (intransitive) to withdraw, depart, retire, go away from, yield
   1. (intransitive, military) to withdraw, fall back, give up one's post, yield
4. (intransitive) to disappear, pass away, vanish
5. (intransitive, of time) to pass, elapse (in the 3rd person, with time as subject)

   Synonyms: intercēdō, abeō, lābor, praetereō

6. (intransitive, with dative) to cede, give in or yield (to), step aside (for), give way (to)
   • Vergilius, Aeneis, Book VI, line 95

     Tū nē cēde malīs, sed contrā audentior ītō

     Give in not to evils, but go against them more daring.

   • Motto of Wyoming

     Cēdant arma togae.

     Let the arms concede to the toga (Let war yield to diplomacy)

   1. (intransitive) to be inferior to, yield to in rank
      • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita I.2:

        Nec deinde Aborigines Troianis studio ac fide erga regem Aeneam cessere

        From that time on, the Aborigines were not inferior to the Trojans in the loyalty towards Aeneas

7. (transitive) to concede, give up, allow, permit something to someone, grant, surrender, yield
8. (intransitive, with dative or in +acc.) to fall (to) (as a possession); accrue or come (to)
9. (intransitive, with in +acc.) to become, turn into, be or become the equivalent of

Conjugation

   Conjugation of cēdō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	cēdō		cēdis		cēdit		cēdimus		cēditis		cēdunt
	imperfect	cēdēbam		cēdēbās		cēdēbat		cēdēbāmus		cēdēbātis		cēdēbant
	future	cēdam		cēdēs		cēdet		cēdēmus		cēdētis		cēdent
	perfect	cessī		cessistī		cessit		cessimus		cessistis		cessērunt, cessēre
	pluperfect	cesseram		cesserās		cesserat		cesserāmus		cesserātis		cesserant
	future perfect	cesserō		cesseris		cesserit		cesserimus		cesseritis		cesserint
passive	present	cēdor		cēderis, cēdere		cēditur		cēdimur		cēdiminī		cēduntur
	imperfect	cēdēbar		cēdēbāris, cēdēbāre		cēdēbātur		cēdēbāmur		cēdēbāminī		cēdēbantur
	future	cēdar		cēdēris, cēdēre		cēdētur		cēdēmur		cēdēminī		cēdentur
	perfect	cessus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	cessus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	cessus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	cēdam		cēdās		cēdat		cēdāmus		cēdātis		cēdant
	imperfect	cēderem		cēderēs		cēderet		cēderēmus		cēderētis		cēderent
	perfect	cesserim		cesserīs		cesserit		cesserīmus		cesserītis		cesserint
	pluperfect	cessissem		cessissēs		cessisset		cessissēmus		cessissētis		cessissent
passive	present	cēdar		cēdāris, cēdāre		cēdātur		cēdāmur		cēdāminī		cēdantur
	imperfect	cēderer		cēderēris, cēderēre		cēderētur		cēderēmur		cēderēminī		cēderentur
	perfect	cessus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	cessus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		cēde		—		—		cēdite		—
	future	—		cēditō		cēditō		—		cēditōte		cēduntō
passive	present	—		cēdere		—		—		cēdiminī		—
	future	—		cēditor		cēditor		—		—		cēduntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		cēdere			cēdī			cēdēns			—
future		cessūrum esse			cessum īrī			cessūrus			cēdendus, cēdundus
perfect		cessisse			cessum esse			—			cessus
future perfect		—			cessum fore			—			—
perfect potential		cessūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		cēdendī		cēdendō		cēdendum		cēdendō		cessum		cessū

Synonyms

• (retire): facessō, dēcēdō, discēdō, dēficiō, concēdō, subtrahō, subdūcō, abscēdō, excēdō, regredior, inclīnō, recēdō, recipiō, vertō, referō, āmoveō
• (give up): dēficiō, dēserō, relinquō, linquō, dēsinō, omittō, dēdō, concēdō, dēcēdō, dēspondeō, reddō, dō, remittō, dēstituō, oblīvīscor, permittō, dissimulō, trādō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, pōnō, tribuō
• (allow, permit): sinō, remittō, permittō, immittō, concēdō, condōnō
• (disappear): discedō, decēdō, concēdō, excēdō, pereō, intereō
• (be inferior to): subsum
• (go): vādō, ambulō, deambulō, cammīnō, adeō, obeō, pergō, baetō, eō, gradior, īnferō
• (be inferior to): dēgenerō

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “disappear”): obversor, cresco, procedo, exorior, orior, coorior, oborior, ēmergō, appāreō, pāreō
• (antonym(s) of “retire”): prōgredior, prōdeō, prōcēdō, prōficiō, aggredior, ēvehō, incēdō, accēdō, adeō

Derived terms

• abscēdō
• accēdō
• antecēdō
• cessō
• concēdō
• dēcēdō
• discēdō
• excēdō
• incēdō
• intercēdō
• intrōcēdō
• necesse
• occēdō
• praecēdō
• prōcēdō
• recēdō
• retrōcēdō
• sēcēdō
• succēdō

Related terms

• necesse

Descendants

• → Catalan: cedir
• → Dutch: cederen
• → English: cede
• → French: céder
  • → Romanian: ceda
• → Galician: ceder
• → Italian: cedere
  • → Dalmatian: čedur
• → Portuguese: ceder
• → Sicilian: cèdiri
• → Spanish: ceder

Etymology 2

Through iambic shortening from the Proto-Italic imperative *ke-dō, plural *ke-date. This is composed of Proto-Indo-European *ḱe (“here”) (seen also in ec-ce, hi-c, illi-c etc.) + the imperative of dō (“give”) (which was originally *dō, but changed later to dā by analogy with first-conjugation verbs). Equivalent to ce- +‎ dō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkɛ.dɔ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛː.d̪o]

Verb

cedo; irregular conjugation, imperative-only, no passive, no perfect or supine stems, no future

1. (of objects) hand (it) over!; give (it)!; gimme!

   cedo manum! ― Give me your hand!

2. (of objects, especially evidence or exhibits at a trial) produce (it)!; show (it) to us!
3. (of people) bring (him)!, bring (him) in!, produce (him)!
4. tell me!; describe (it) to me!, explain (it) to me!
   • c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, Metamorphoses 1.8:

     "Ōrō tē" inquam "aulaeum tragicum dīmovētō et sīparium scaenicum complicātō et cedo verbīs commūnibus."

     I said, "I beg you, please remove the tragic drapery and fold the scene's curtain, and explain it to me using common words.

5. (followed by a conditional clause with consequent) tell me! hear me out!
6. (followed by a conditional clause without a consequent) what if?, suppose?
7. (with impersonal or subjunctive) come on!

Conjugation

   Conjugation of cedo (irregular conjugation, imperative-only, no passive, no perfect or supine stems, no future)

imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		cedo		—		—		cette, cedite		—

References

• “cedo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cedo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cedo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to accommodate oneself to circumstances: tempori servire, cedere
    
  • to acquiesce in one's fate: fortunae cedere
    
  • to give up a thing to some one else: possessione alicuius rei cedere alicui (Mil. 27. 75)
    
  • to waive one's right: de iure suo decedere or cedere
    
• Forms of Conjugation, in J. B. Greenough, G. L. Kittredge, A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, Ed.; Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 884

Portuguese

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese cedo, from Latin citō.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈse.du/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈse.du/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈse.do/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈse.du/ [ˈse.ðu]

• Rhymes: -edu
• Hyphenation: ce‧do

• Audio:

  (file)

Adverb

cedo

1. (comparable) early (at a time before expected; sooner than usual)

   Antonyms: tarde, tardiamente

2. (not comparable) early (near the start of the day)

   Synonyms: pela fresquinha, de manhã, cedinho

   • 1927, Emílio de San Bruno, chapter XIII, in Zambeziana: scenas da vida colonial [Zambeziana: scenes of the colonial life], Lisbon: Tipografia do Comércio, page 203:

     — O quê? Já! — disse o Brás Lobato — ¡ainda é cêdo! Logo pela fresquinha, com umas cervejinhas...

     “What? Already?!”, said Brás Lobato, “it’s still early! Early in the morning, with a couple beers...”

Derived terms

• cedinho

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈse.du/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈse.du/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈse.do/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈse.du/ [ˈse.ðu]

• Rhymes: -edu
• Hyphenation: ce‧do

Verb

cedo

1. first-person singular present indicative of ceder

Further reading

• “cedo”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2025
• “cedo”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2025
• “cedo” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “cedo”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
• “cedo”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2025
• “cedo”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin citō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /ˈθedo/ [ˈθe.ð̞o]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈsedo/ [ˈse.ð̞o]
• Rhymes: -edo
• Syllabification: ce‧do

Adverb

cedo

1. quickly, swiftly, instantly, immediately after

Verb

cedo

1. first-person singular present indicative of ceder

Further reading

• “cedo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10