hic

See also: hić, hiç, and ніс

English

Etymology

Onomatopoeic

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /hɪk/
• Rhymes: -ɪk
• Homophone: hick

Interjection

hic

1. An approximation to the sound of a hiccup, used e.g. to indicate drunkenness.

   "This wine - hic! - tasted good."

Translations

Translations

• Bulgarian: хлъц (hlǎc), хълцук (hǎlcuk)
• Czech: škyt (cs)
• Ukrainian: ик (yk)
• Vietnamese: hic (vi), híc, hích (vi), hix, hức

See also

• hic et nunc

Anagrams

• CHI, CIH, Ch'i, Chi, Chi., HCI, ICH, IHC, Ich, chi, ich

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• hicu

Etymology

From Latin fīcus. Compare Spanish higo.

Noun

hic m (plural hits)

1. fig (tree) or fig (fruit)

Related terms

• hicã

French

Pronunciation

• ^{(aspirated h)} IPA^(key): /ik/

• Audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Latin hic est quaestio (here is the question).

Noun

hic m (uncountable)

1. snag, hitch, catch, kink, problem

   Voilà le hic. ― Here's the problem.

Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

hic

1. hic! (indicating a hiccup)

   Ce vin, hic ! goûte bon.

   This wine—hic!—tastes good.

Further reading

• “hic”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Interlingua

Adverb

hic

1. here

Latin

Alternative forms

• ic (Vulgar or Late Latin, Pompeian inscriptions)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *hek(e), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰi-ḱe (“this, here”), from *gʰi + *ḱe (“here”). First element cognate with Ancient Greek γε (ge, intensifying particle), Russian же (že, intensifying particle), Sanskrit ह (ha, intensifier), हि (hi, “surely, for”), Czech že (“that”, conjunction). Second element cognate with Latin cis (“on this side”), ce-dō, Ancient Greek ἐ-κε-ῖνος (e-ke-înos, “that”), Old Irish cē (“here”), Gothic 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 (himma, “to this”). More at he, here.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /hik/, [hɪk]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ik/, [ik]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

• Note: before a vowel, the original single final [k] is often but not always doubled by Classical and later poets by analogy with hoc, e.g. hic amor [hɪk.ka.mɔr].

Adjective

hic (feminine haec, neuter hoc); first/second-declension adjective (hic-type)

1. this; these (in the plural)

   Sī versūs hōrum duōrum poetārum neglegētis, magnā parte litterārum carēbitis.

   If you neglect the verses of these two poets, you will miss a great part of literature.

   Hanc rem pūblicam salvam esse volumus.

   We wish this republic to be safe.

Pronoun

hic (feminine haec, neuter hoc); first/second-declension pronoun (hic-type)

1. this one; this (thing); these ones (in the plural); these (things); he, she, it

   Mitte hunc meā grātiā.

   Let him alone for my sake.

   • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, De brevitate vitae 15:

     Hōrum tē morī nēmō cōget, omnēs docēbunt; hōrum nēmō annōs tuōs conteret, suōs tibi contribuet; nūllīus ex hīs sermō perīculōsus erit, nūllīus amīcitia capitālis, nūllīus sūmptuōsa observātiō.

     No one of these will force you to die, but all will teach you how to die; no one of these will wear out your years, but each will add his own years to yours; nothing from these conversations will bring you peril, the friendship of none will endanger your life, the courting of none will tax your purse.

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.777:

     hīs dea plācanda est

     With these [supplications] must the goddess be appeased

Declension

• In Medieval Latin pl. fem. hae through some vulgar form, *haeae, is replaced by hee.

First/second-declension adjective (hic-type).

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	hic	haec	hoc		hī	hae	haec
Genitive	huius				hōrum	hārum	hōrum
Dative	huic				hīs
Accusative	hunc	hanc	hoc		hōs	hās	haec
Ablative	hōc	hāc	hōc		hīs

Usage notes

• This demonstrative adjective/pronoun is used to refer to a person or thing, or persons or things, near the speaker. It contrasts with ille (“that”), which refers to people or things far from the speaker and the listener, and iste (“this/that”), which refers to people or things near the listener.
• As Latin had no person pronouns specifically meaning "he", "she" or "it", any of ille, iste, hic or (most frequently) is could assume that function.
• In Vulgar Latin, phonetic changes tended to eliminate both the initial h and final c, leaving nothing but a bare vowel. Consequently, this demonstrative gradually disappeared and was replaced with iste, which originally meant "that (near you)". (This left only a two-term system of demonstratives in comparison with Latin's three-term system, but the gap was filled in some areas by pressing ipse into service as a middle demonstrative. Spanish, for example, has este (“this”) < Latin iste, ese (“that (near you)”) < Latin ipse, and aquel (“that (far from you and me)”) < Latin eccum ille.) This process was gradual, and the neuter form hoc survived the longest (it still survives, for example, in Catalan ho). Other forms sometimes survived in compound expressions, e.g. Portuguese agora (“now”) < Latin hāc hōrā.

Coordinate terms

Latin correlatives ^(edit)

type	interrogative	indefinite	(medial) demonstrative	proximal demonstrative	distal demonstrative	relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
basic	quis, quī	quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quisque, quisquam, aliquisquam, quispiam, ūllus	is, iste, istic	hic	ille, illic	quī	quisquis, quīcumque	ipse, īdem	alter, alius
dual	uter	alteruter, uterque				uter	utercumque
number	quot	aliquot	tot			quot	quotquot, quotcumque	totidem
order	quotus		totus			quotus	quotuscumque
quantity	quam	aliquam	tam			quam	†quamquam	†tamen, †tandem
size	quantus	aliquantus	tantus			quantus	quantuscumque	tantusdem
quality	quālis	aliquālis	tālis			quālis	quālis, quāliscumque
manner	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utique, quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō	ita, sic, eō/istō modō	hōc modō	illō modō	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque	item, itidem	aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
method, path, place	quā	aliquā, quāque	eā, istāc	hāc	illāc	quā	quāquā, quācumque	eādem	aliā
place	ubi	alicubi, ubique, usquam, uspiam	ibi, istic	hīc	illīc	ubi	ubiubi, ubicumque	ibidem	alibī, aliās
source	unde	alicunde, undeunde	inde, istinc	hinc	illinc	unde	undecumque	indidem	aliunde
destination	quō, quōrsum	aliquō, quōquam, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum	eō, istūc, °istōrsum	hūc, °hōrsum	illūc, °illōrsum	quō	quōquō, quōcumque	eōdem	aliō, aliorsum
time	quandō	quondam, aliquandō, quandōque, umquam	tum, tunc	num, nunc	ōlim	cum, quandō	cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque	simul	aliās
exact time	quota hōra		ea/ista hōra	hac hōra	illa hōra	quota hōra	quotacumque hōra	eadem hōra	altera/alia hōra
repetition	quotiēns	aliquotiēns	totiēns			quotiēns	quotiēnscumque
multiplication	quotuplex		totuplex			quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare

Derived terms

• hāc
• hīc
• hinc
• hūc

Etymology 2

From older heic, adverb (locative) from hic.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /hiːk/, [hiːk]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ik/, [ik]

Adverb

hīc (not comparable)

1. here, in or at this place
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.16-17:

     hīc illius arma, hīc currus fuit

     Here [was] her armor, here was [her] chariot.
     (Juno kept these sacred objects in Carthage. See: Juno (mythology); Carthage.)

Coordinate terms

Latin correlatives ^(edit)

type	interrogative	indefinite	(medial) demonstrative	proximal demonstrative	distal demonstrative	relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
basic	quis, quī	quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quisque, quisquam, aliquisquam, quispiam, ūllus	is, iste, istic	hic	ille, illic	quī	quisquis, quīcumque	ipse, īdem	alter, alius
dual	uter	alteruter, uterque				uter	utercumque
number	quot	aliquot	tot			quot	quotquot, quotcumque	totidem
order	quotus		totus			quotus	quotuscumque
quantity	quam	aliquam	tam			quam	†quamquam	†tamen, †tandem
size	quantus	aliquantus	tantus			quantus	quantuscumque	tantusdem
quality	quālis	aliquālis	tālis			quālis	quālis, quāliscumque
manner	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utique, quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō	ita, sic, eō/istō modō	hōc modō	illō modō	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque	item, itidem	aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
method, path, place	quā	aliquā, quāque	eā, istāc	hāc	illāc	quā	quāquā, quācumque	eādem	aliā
place	ubi	alicubi, ubique, usquam, uspiam	ibi, istic	hīc	illīc	ubi	ubiubi, ubicumque	ibidem	alibī, aliās
source	unde	alicunde, undeunde	inde, istinc	hinc	illinc	unde	undecumque	indidem	aliunde
destination	quō, quōrsum	aliquō, quōquam, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum	eō, istūc, °istōrsum	hūc, °hōrsum	illūc, °illōrsum	quō	quōquō, quōcumque	eōdem	aliō, aliorsum
time	quandō	quondam, aliquandō, quandōque, umquam	tum, tunc	num, nunc	ōlim	cum, quandō	cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque	simul	aliās
exact time	quota hōra		ea/ista hōra	hac hōra	illa hōra	quota hōra	quotacumque hōra	eadem hōra	altera/alia hōra
repetition	quotiēns	aliquotiēns	totiēns			quotiēns	quotiēnscumque
multiplication	quotuplex		totuplex			quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° Rare

Derived terms

• *ad hīcce
• ecce hīc
• *eccum hīc

Descendants

• >? Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: ci
  • Neapolitan: ce
  • Sicilian: ci
• Padanian:
  • Piedmontese: i
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: y
  • French: y
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: i
  • Catalan: hi
  • Occitan: i
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Spanish: hi, y, ý
• Borrowings:
  • → Ido: hike

References

• “hic”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “hic”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• hic in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the visible world: haec omnia, quae videmus
    
  • the territory of this race extends as far as the Rhine: haec gens pertinet usque ad Rhenum
    
  • the present day: haec tempora, nostra haec aetas, memoria
    
  • (ambiguous) in our time; in our days: his temporibus, nostra (hac) aetate, nostra memoria, his (not nostris) diebus
    
  • according to the present custom, fashion: his moribus
    
  • twenty years ago: abhinc (ante) viginti annos or viginti his annis
    
  • those to whom we owe our being: ei, propter quos hanc lucem aspeximus
    
  • our contemporaries; men of our time: homines huius aetatis, nostrae memoriae
    
  • here lies..: hic situs est...
    
  • that is the way of the world; such is life: haec est rerum humanarum condicio
    
  • the case is exactly similar (entirely different): eadem (longe alia) est huius rei ratio
    
  • what will be the issue, end, consequence of the matter: quorsum haec res cadet or evadet?
    
  • what am I to do with this fellow: quid huic homini (also hoc homine) faciam?
    
  • these things have the same origin: haec ex eodem fonte fluunt, manant
    
  • the decision of the question rests with you: penes te arbitrium huius rei est
    
  • I console myself with..: haec (illa) res me consolatur
    
  • an idea strikes me: haec cogitatio subit animum
    
  • this is more plausible than true: haec speciosiora quam veriora sunt
    
  • a proof of this is that..: argumento huic rei est, quod
    
  • the history of our own times; contemporary history: memoria huius aetatis (horum temporum)
    
  • to answer to this effect: respondere in hanc sententiam
    
  • I said it in jest: haec iocatus sum, per iocum dixi
    
  • what follows has been translated into Latin from Plato's Phaedo: ex Platonis Phaedone haec in latinum conversa sunt
    
  • to translate freely: his fere verbis, hoc fere modo convertere, transferre
    
  • these are mere empty phrases: haec verba sunt (Ter. Phorm. 3. 2. 32)
    
  • we have no expression for that: huic rei deest apud nos vocabulum
    
  • what is the meaning, the original sense of this word: quid significat, sonat haec vox?
    
  • what is the meaning, the original sense of this word: quae est vis huius verbi?
    
  • what is the meaning, the original sense of this word: quae notio or sententia subiecta est huic voci?
    
  • this word ends in a long syllable: haec vox longa syllaba terminatur, in longam syllabam cadit, exit
    
  • the book treats of friendship: hic liber est de amicitia (not agit) or hoc libro agitur de am.
    
  • Cicero says this somewhere: Cicero loco quodam haec dicit
    
  • the terms, contents of the letter are as follows: litterae in hanc sententiam or his verbis scriptae sunt
    
  • this fable teaches us (without nos): haec fabula docet
    
  • credit is going down: fides (vid. sect. IX. 10, note fides has six...) concidit
    
  • to ordain as punishment that..: hanc poenam constituere in aliquem, ut...
    
  • on these terms: his condicionibus
    
  • this I have to say: haec habeo dicere or habeo quae dicam
    
  • he spoke (very much) as follows: haec (fere) dixit
    
  • the tenor of his speech was this..: hanc in sententiam dixit
    
  • this is not the place to..: non est huius loci c. Inf.
    
  • this is not the place to..: non est hic locus, ut...
    
  • so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..: atque or sed haec (quidem) hactenus
    
  • so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..: atque haec quidem de...
    
  • this much he said: haec (quidem) ille
    
  • this is very much what Cicero said: haec Ciceronis fere
    
  • this passage is obscure: hic (ille) locus obscurus est
    
  • what do you mean: quorsum haec (dicis)?
    
  • (ambiguous) in our time; in our days: his temporibus, nostra (hac) aetate, nostra memoria, his (not nostris) diebus
    
  • (ambiguous) to enjoy the privilege of living; to be alive: vita or hac luce frui
    
  • (ambiguous) (great) advantage accrues to me from this: fructus ex hac re redundant in or ad me
    
  • (ambiguous) I think that..: in hac sum sententia, ut...putem
    
  • (ambiguous) all agree on this point: omnes (uno ore) in hac re consentiunt
    
  • (ambiguous) when corn is as dear as it is: hac annona (Plaut. Trin. 2. 4. 83)
    
  • (ambiguous) I have a few words to say on this: mihi quaedam dicenda sunt de hac re
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Middle English

Pronoun

hic

1. Alternative form of I (“I”)

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

• hix

Etymology

Onomatopoeia, from the sobbing sound. Compare hức (“sob; hic”).

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [hïk̟̚˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [hɨt̚˦˧˥]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [hɨt̚˦˥]
• Phonetic: hích

Interjection

hic

1. (onomatopoeia) sob
2. (comics, Internet slang) dang; darn; aw man; man
3. (onomatopoeia) Synonym of hức (“hic”)