死亡

Chinese

		to die; impassable; uncrossable to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid	to die; to perish
simp. and trad. (死亡)		死	亡

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sǐwáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄙˇ ㄨㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sei² mong⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sí-mòng
• Min Nan (POJ): sí-bông
• Wu (Wiktionary): sr vaan (T2); sr maan (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: sǐwáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄙˇ ㄨㄤˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syywang
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sǐhwáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ wɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sei² mong⁴
    • Yale: séi mòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sei² mong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: séi² mong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sei̯³⁵ mɔːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sí-mòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: xi` mongˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xi³ mong²
    • Sinological IPA: /ɕi³¹ moŋ¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sí-bông
    • Tâi-lô: sí-bông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sy'boong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɕi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: sr vaan (T2); sr maan (T2)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩³³ v̻ɑ̃⁴⁴/, /sz̩³³ mɑ̃⁴⁴/

Note:

• 2sr maan - vernacular;
• 2sr vaan - literary.

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• Middle Chinese: /sˠiɪ^X  mʉɐŋ/▼

Rime
Character	死	亡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	Chongniu III	III
Fanqie	息姊切	武方切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sˠiɪX/	/mʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/sᵚiX/	/mʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/siɪX/	/miuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sjiX/	/muaŋ/
Li Rong	/sjiX/	/miuaŋ/
Wang Li	/siX/	/mĭwaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/siX/	/miwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǐ	wáng

Noun

死亡

1. death

   瀕臨死亡 / 濒临死亡  ―  bīnlín sǐwáng  ―  to be at death's door

Verb

死亡

1. (formal) to die

   因病死亡  ―  yīn bìng sǐwáng  ―  to die from an illness

Synonyms

edit

Synonyms of 死亡

• 㾀歹 (Min Nan)
• 上天 (shàngtiān) (euphemistic)
• 上路 (shànglù) (euphemistic)
• 下世 (xiàshì) (formal)
• 不在 (bùzài) (euphemistic)
• 亡故 (wánggù) (literary)
• 仙逝 (xiānshì) (euphemistic)
• 仙遊／仙游 (xiānyóu) (euphemistic)
• 作古 (zuògǔ) (literary, euphemistic)
• 做鬼 (zuòguǐ) (colloquial)
• 傾世／倾世 (qīngshì) (literary)
• 傾亡／倾亡 (qīngwáng) (literary)
• 入寂 (rùjì) (Buddhism, of Buddhist monks)
• 凋謝／凋谢 (diāoxiè) (die of old age)
• 升天 (shēngtiān) (euphemistic)
• 即世 (jíshì) (literary)
• 去世 (qùshì)
• 喪命／丧命 (sàngmìng) (formal)
• 喪生／丧生 (sàngshēng) (euphemistic)
• 嗝屁 (gěpì) (Mandarin, vulgar, derogatory)
• 回老家 (huí lǎojiā) (euphemism, humorous)
• 圓寂／圆寂 (yuánjì) (of Buddhist monks or nuns)
• 夭壽／夭寿 (yāoshòu) (die young)
• 夭壽死／夭寿死 (Min Nan, die young)
• 夭折 (yāozhé) (die young)
• 夭逝 (yāoshì) (literary, die young)
• 安息 (ānxī) (euphemistic)
• 安眠 (ānmián) (euphemistic)
• 就義／就义 (jiùyì) (die a martyr)
• 崩殂 (bēngcú) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
• 捐軀／捐躯 (juānqū) (sacrifice one's life)
• 捨身／舍身 (shěshēn) (sacrifice one's life)
• 斃命／毙命 (bìmìng) (pejorative)
• 早死 (zǎosǐ) (die young)
• 晏駕／晏驾 (yànjià) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
• 棄世／弃世 (qìshì) (literary)
• 歸天／归天 (guītiān) (euphemistic)
• 歸西／归西 (guīxī)
• 歸道山／归道山 (guī dàoshān) (literary, euphemistic)
• 死 (sǐ)
• 死去 (sǐqù) (informal)
• 死掉 (sǐdiào) (informal)
• 死翹翹／死翘翘 (sǐqiàoqiào) (informal, humorous)

• 殞／殒 (yǔn) (archaic)
• 永眠 (yǒngmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
• 沒世／没世 (mòshì)
• 消忒 (Hakka, euphemistic)
• 無去／无去 (Min Nan)
• 物化 (wùhuà) (literary)
• 犧牲／牺牲 (xīshēng) (give one's life for a certain cause)
• 獻身／献身 (xiànshēn) (sacrifice one's life)
• 瓜 (guā) (Cantonese, slang, humorous)
• 百年 (bǎinián) (Min Nan)
• 百歲／百岁 (bǎisuì) (Min Nan)
• 百歲年老／百岁年老 (Min Nan)
• 翹辮子／翘辫子 (qiào biànzi) (informal, humorous)
• 老去 (Min Nan)
• 薨 (hōng) (Classical Chinese, of feudal lords or high officials)
• 薨逝 (hōngshì) (of feudal lords)
• 蟯歹／蛲歹 (Min Nan, humorous)
• 蟯癱／蛲瘫 (Min Nan, humorous)
• 行去 (Min Nan, euphemistic)
• 行雞／行鸡 (Min Nan, humorous)
• 見閻王／见阎王 (jiànyánwáng)
• 賓天／宾天 (bīntiān) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
• 賣鹹鴨蛋／卖咸鸭蛋 (mài xiányādàn) (Cantonese)
• 走了 (zǒule) (euphemistic)
• 走去踮 (Min Nan, euphemistic)
• 走咗 (Cantonese)
• 赴死 (fùsǐ) (give one's life for a certain cause)
• 辭世／辞世 (císhì) (literary)
• 逝世 (shìshì)
• 過世／过世 (guòshì)
• 過往／过往 (guòwǎng) (Min Nan)
• 過氣／过气 (guòqì) (Min Nan)
• 過身／过身 (guòshēn) (literary)
• 過面／过面 (Min Nan)
• 釘／钉 (dīng) (Cantonese, slang)
• 長山賣鴨卵／长山卖鸭卵 (Hakka, euphemistic)
• 長眠／长眠 (chángmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
• 陣亡／阵亡 (zhènwáng) (die in battle)
• 離世／离世 (líshì) (euphemistic)
• 香咗 (Cantonese)
• 馬滴／马滴 (Min Nan)
• 駕崩／驾崩 (jiàbēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)

Derived terms

Derived terms from 死亡

• 嬰兒死亡率／婴儿死亡率 (yīng'ér sǐwánglǜ)
• 宣告死亡
• 意外死亡 (yìwài sǐwáng)
• 死亡人數／死亡人数 (sǐwáng rénshù)
• 死亡保險／死亡保险
• 死亡學／死亡学 (sǐwángxué)
• 死亡宣告
• 死亡教育
• 死亡無日／死亡无日

• 死亡率 (sǐwánglǜ)
• 死亡登記／死亡登记
• 死亡約會／死亡约会
• 死亡給付／死亡给付
• 死亡線／死亡线 (sǐwángxiàn)
• 死亡證／死亡证
• 死亡證明／死亡证明
• 死亡證明書／死亡证明书 (sǐwáng zhèngmíngshū)
• 死亡證書／死亡证书 (sǐwáng zhèngshū)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (死亡):

• → Japanese: 死亡 (しぼう) (shibō)
• → Korean: 사망 (死亡, samang)
• → Vietnamese: tử vong (死亡)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
死	亡
し Grade: 3	ぼう Grade: 6
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • IPA^(key): [ɕibo̞ː]

Noun

死亡 (hiragana しぼう, rōmaji shibō, historical hiragana しばう)

1. death

Usage notes

Used in formal situations, such as in news broadcasts to categorize states of a person as opposed to 生存 (せいぞん) (seizon) (survived), 負傷 (ふしょう) (fushō) (injured), 行方不明 (ゆくえふめい) (yukuefumei) (missing), 昏睡 (こんすい) (konsui) (coma), etc., or as a life event as opposed to 誕生 (たんじょう) (tanjō) (birth), 結婚 (けっこん) (kekkon), etc. The general term for death is 死 (し) (shi), and forms of 死 (し)ぬ (shinu) are commonly used when talking about a death.

Synonyms

• 死去 (しきょ) (shikyo), 死没 (しぼつ) (shibotsu)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 死亡記事 (しぼうきじ) (shibō kiji): an obituary
• 死亡者 (しぼうしゃ) (shibōsha): a deceased person, the dead
• 死亡者数 (しぼうしゃすう) (shibōshasū): the number of deaths, the death toll
• 死亡診断書 (しぼうしんだんしょ) (shibō shindansho): a death certificate
• 死亡証明書 (しぼうしょうめいしょ) (shibō shōmeisho): a death certificate
• 死亡証書 (しぼうしょうしょ) (shibō shōsho): a death certificate
• 死亡通知 (しぼうつうち) (shibō tsūchi): a notification or announcement of someone's death
• 死亡率 (しぼうりつ) (shibōritsu): a death rate, rate of mortality, a fatality rate
• 死亡一時金 (しぼういちじきん) (shibō ichijikin): under the Japanese national pension system, a lump sum payment to surviving family members
• 死亡賜金 (しぼうしきん) (shibō shikin): (archaic) in past times, a payment to the surviving family of a government official who died on the job
• 死亡表 (しぼうひょう) (shibōhyō): a mortality table, an actuarial table
• 死亡保険 (しぼうほけん) (shibō hoken): term insurance, term life insurance

Verb

死亡する (intransitive, suru conjugation, hiragana しぼうする, rōmaji shibō suru, historical hiragana しばうする)

1. to die

Conjugation

Conjugation of "死亡する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	死亡し	しぼうし	shibō shi
Continuative (連用形)	死亡し	しぼうし	shibō shi
Terminal (終止形)	死亡する	しぼうする	shibō suru
Attributive (連体形)	死亡する	しぼうする	shibō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	死亡すれ	しぼうすれ	shibō sure
Imperative (命令形)	死亡せよ¹ 死亡しろ²	しぼうせよ¹ しぼうしろ²	shibō seyo¹ shibō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	死亡される	しぼうされる	shibō sareru
Causative	死亡させる 死亡さす	しぼうさせる しぼうさす	shibō saseru shibō sasu
Potential	死亡できる	しぼうできる	shibō dekiru
Volitional	死亡しよう	しぼうしよう	shibō shiyō
Negative	死亡しない	しぼうしない	shibō shinai
Negative continuative	死亡せず	しぼうせず	shibō sezu
Formal	死亡します	しぼうします	shibō shimasu
Perfective	死亡した	しぼうした	shibō shita
Conjunctive	死亡して	しぼうして	shibō shite
Hypothetical conditional	死亡すれば	しぼうすれば	shibō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

• See Thesaurus:死ぬ

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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Korean

Hanja in this term
死	亡

Noun

死亡 • (samang) (hangeul 사망)

1. Hanja form^? of 사망 (“death”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
死	亡

Noun

死亡

1. Hán tự form of tử vong (“death”).