死亡

ChineseEdit

		to die; impassable; uncrossable to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid	to die; to perish
simp. and trad. (死亡)		死	亡

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死亡

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): sǐwáng

(Zhuyin): ㄙˇ ㄨㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sei² mong⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sí-mòng
Min Nan (POJ): sí-bông
Wu (Wiktionary): sr vaan (T2); sr maan (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: sǐwáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄙˇ ㄨㄤˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syywang
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sǐhwáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ wɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sei² mong⁴
  - Yale: séi mòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sei² mong⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: séi² mong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sei̯³⁵ mɔːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sí-mòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi` mongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi³ mong²
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕi³¹ moŋ¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sí-bông
  - Tâi-lô: sí-bông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sy'boong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɕi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bɔŋ²³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: sr vaan (T2); sr maan (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩³³ v̻ɑ̃⁴⁴/, /sz̩³³ mɑ̃⁴⁴/

Note:

2sr maan - vernacular;
2sr vaan - literary.

Middle Chinese: /sˠiɪ^X mʉɐŋ/

Rime
Character	死	亡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	Chongniu III	III
Fanqie	息姊切	武方切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sˠiɪ^X/	/mʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/sᵚi^X/	/mʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/siɪ^X/	/miuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sji^X/	/muaŋ/
Li Rong	/sji^X/	/miuaŋ/
Wang Li	/si^X/	/mĭwaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/si^X/	/miwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sǐ	wáng

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*sijʔ maŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*hljiʔ maŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	死	亡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sǐ	wáng
Middle Chinese	‹ sij^X ›	‹ mjang ›
Old Chinese	/*sijʔ/	/*maŋ/
English	die (v.)	flee; disappear; die
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	死	亡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	12006	12662
Phonetic component	死	亡
Rime group	脂	陽
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	死	亡
Old Chinese	/*hljiʔ/	/*maŋ/

VerbEdit

死亡

(formal) to die
因病死亡 ― yīn bìng sǐwáng ― to die from an illness

瀕臨死亡 / 濒临死亡 ― bīnlín sǐwáng ― to be at death's door

死亡不是生命的終點，遺忘才是。 [MSC, trad.]
死亡不是生命的终点，遗忘才是。 [MSC, simp.]
Sǐwáng bù shì shēngmìng de zhōngdiǎn, yíwàng cái shì. [Pinyin]
Death is not the end of life; forgetting is.

SynonymsEdit

edit

Synonyms of 死亡

㾀歹 (Min Nan)
䁐松柏 (Min Dong)
䁐松柏樹／䁐松柏树 (Min Dong)
上天 (shàngtiān) (euphemistic)
上路 (shànglù) (euphemistic)
下世 (xiàshì) (formal)
不在 (bùzài) (euphemistic)
不幸 (bùxìng) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
亡故 (wánggù) (literary)
仙逝 (xiānshì) (euphemistic)
仙遊／仙游 (xiānyóu) (euphemistic)
作古 (zuògǔ) (literary, euphemistic)
做鬼 (zuòguǐ) (colloquial)
傾世／倾世 (qīngshì) (literary)
傾亡／倾亡 (qīngwáng) (literary)
入寂 (rùjì) (Buddhism, of Buddhist monks)
凋謝／凋谢 (diāoxiè) (to die of old age)
升天 (shēngtiān) (euphemistic)
即世 (jíshì) (literary)
去世 (qùshì)
去咯 (Hsinchu Hokkien, euphemistic)
合眼 (héyǎn) (euphemistic)
唔喺度 (Cantonese, euphemistic)
喪命／丧命 (sàngmìng) (euphemistic)
喪生／丧生 (sàngshēng) (euphemistic)
嗚呼／呜呼 (wūhū) (euphemistic)
嗝屁 (gěpì) (Mandarin, vulgar, derogatory)
嚥氣／咽气 (yànqì) (colloquial)
回老家 (huí lǎojiā) (euphemistic, humorous)
圓寂／圆寂 (yuánjì) (of Buddhist monks or nuns)
安息 (ānxī) (euphemistic)
安眠 (ānmián) (euphemistic)
小喇叭兒吹了／小喇叭儿吹了 (xiǎo lǎbār chuī le) (Beijing)
就義／就义 (jiùyì) (to die a martyr)
崩 (bēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
崩殂 (bēngcú) (Classical, of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
彈四郎／弹四郎 (Xiang)
往生 (wǎngshēng) (euphemistic)
忽然 (hūrán) (Classical Chinese, euphemistic)
拉柴 (Cantonese, colloquial)
掛／挂 (guà) (slang, humorous)
撬桿／撬杆 (Sichuan, vulgar)
撬桿兒／撬杆儿 (Sichuan, vulgar)
故世 (gùshì) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
故了 (Shanghai)
故去 (gùqù) (euphemistic, chiefly of one's elders)
斃命／毙命 (bìmìng) (pejorative)
早死 (zǎosǐ)
晏駕／晏驾 (yànjià) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
曲去 (Hsinchu Hokkien)
棄世／弃世 (qìshì) (literary)
歸天／归天 (guītiān) (euphemistic)
歸西／归西 (guīxī) (euphemistic)
歸道山／归道山 (guī dàoshān) (literary, euphemistic)
死 (sǐ)
死人 (sǐrén)
死去 (sǐqù) (informal)
死掉 (sǐdiào) (informal)

死翹翹／死翘翘 (sǐqiàoqiào) (informal, humorous)
死脫／死脱 (Wu)
殞／殒 (yǔn) (archaic)
氣絕／气绝 (qìjué) (literary)
永眠 (yǒngmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
沒世／没世 (mòshì) (literary)
消忒 (Hakka, euphemistic)
無去／无去 (Min Nan)
物化 (wùhuà) (literary)
瓜 (Cantonese, slang, humorous)
瓜柴 (Cantonese)
瓜老襯／瓜老衬 (Cantonese)
病逝 (bìngshì) (to die of illness)
百年 (Min Nan)
百年歸老／百年归老 (bǎiniánguīlǎo) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
百歲 (Min Nan)
百歲年老／百岁年老 (Min Nan)
絕／绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
翹辮子／翘辫子 (qiào biànzi) (informal, humorous)
老了 (lǎo le) (euphemistic, of the elderly)
老去 (Min Nan)
薨 (hōng) (Classical Chinese, of feudal lords or high officials)
薨逝 (hōngshì) (of feudal lords)
蟯歹／蛲歹 (Min Nan, humorous)
蟯癱／蛲瘫 (Min Nan, humorous)
行去 (Min Nan, euphemistic)
行雞／行鸡 (Min Nan, humorous)
見背／见背 (jiànbèi) (literary, of one's parents or elders)
見閻王／见阎王 (jiàn Yánwáng) (figurative)
誆牽／诓牵 (Min Nan, of an old person)
賓天／宾天 (bīntiān) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
賣鹹鴨蛋／卖咸鸭蛋 (Cantonese)
走 (zǒu) (euphemistic)
走去踮 (Min Nan, euphemistic)
走咗 (Cantonese)
起身 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
起車／起车 (Singapore Hokkien, euphemistic)
轉去／转去 (Taiwanese Hokkien, euphemistic)
辭世／辞世 (císhì) (literary)
逝世 (shìshì)
過世／过世 (guòshì)
過去／过去 (guòqù) (euphemistic)
過往／过往 (Min Nan, euphemistic)
過氣 (Min Nan)
過身／过身 (guòshēn) (literary)
過面／过面 (Min Nan)
釘 (Cantonese, slang)
長山賣鴨卵／长山卖鸭卵 (Hakka, euphemistic)
長眠／长眠 (chángmián) (euphemistic, honorific)
閉眼／闭眼 (bìyǎn) (euphemistic)
隕落／陨落 (yǔnluò) (euphemistic)
離世／离世 (líshì) (euphemistic)
香咗 (Cantonese)
馬滴／马滴 (Min Nan)
駕崩／驾崩 (jiàbēng) (of a king, emperor, monarch, etc.)
駕鶴西去／驾鹤西去 (jiàhèxīqù) (euphemistic)
駕鶴西遊／驾鹤西游 (jiàhèxīyóu) (euphemistic)
龍馭上賓／龙驭上宾 (lóngyùshàngbīn) (of an emperor)

AntonymsEdit

edit

在世 (zàishì)
在生 (zàishēng)
活著／活着 (huózhe)

生存 (shēngcún)
生息 (shēngxī)

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms from 死亡

嬰兒死亡率／婴儿死亡率 (yīng'ér sǐwánglǜ)
宣告死亡
意外死亡 (yìwài sǐwáng)
死亡人數／死亡人数 (sǐwáng rénshù)
死亡保險／死亡保险
死亡學／死亡学 (sǐwángxué)
死亡宣告
死亡教育
死亡無日／死亡无日
死亡率 (sǐwánglǜ)

死亡登記／死亡登记
死亡約會／死亡约会
死亡給付／死亡给付
死亡線／死亡线 (sǐwángxiàn)
死亡證／死亡证
死亡證明／死亡证明
死亡證明書／死亡证明书 (sǐwáng zhèngmíngshū)
死亡證書／死亡证书 (sǐwáng zhèngshū)
死亡金屬／死亡金属 (sǐwáng jīnshǔ)
社會性死亡／社会性死亡 (shèhuìxìng sǐwáng)

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (死亡):

→ Japanese: 死亡(しぼう) (shibō)
→ Korean: 사망 (死亡, samang)
→ Vietnamese: tử vong (死亡)

JapaneseEdit

Kanji in this term
死	亡
し Grade: 3	ぼう Grade: 6
on’yomi

PronunciationEdit

On’yomi

IPA^(key): [ɕibo̞ː]

NounEdit

死(し)亡(ぼう) • (shibō) ^{←しばう (sibau)^?}

death

Usage notesEdit

Used in formal situations, such as in news broadcasts to categorize states of a person as opposed to 生存 (seizon, “survived”), 負傷 (fushō, “injured”), 行方不明 (yukuefumei, “missing”), 昏睡 (konsui, “comatose”), etc., or as a life event as opposed to 誕生 (tanjō, “birth”), 結婚 (kekkon, “marriage”), etc. The general term for death is 死 (shi), and forms of 死ぬ (shinu) are commonly used when talking about a death.

SynonymsEdit

死去(しきょ) (shikyo), 死没(しぼつ) (shibotsu)

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms

死亡記事(しぼうきじ) (shibō kiji): an obituary
死亡者(しぼうしゃ) (shibōsha): a deceased person, the dead
死亡者数(しぼうしゃすう) (shibōshasū): the number of deaths, the death toll
死亡診断書(しぼうしんだんしょ) (shibō shindansho): a death certificate
死亡証明書(しぼうしょうめいしょ) (shibō shōmeisho): a death certificate
死亡証書(しぼうしょうしょ) (shibō shōsho): a death certificate
死亡通知(しぼうつうち) (shibō tsūchi): a notification or announcement of someone's death
死亡率(しぼうりつ) (shibōritsu): a death rate, rate of mortality, a fatality rate
死亡一時金(しぼういちじきん) (shibō ichijikin): under the Japanese national pension system, a lump sum payment to surviving family members
死亡賜金(しぼうしきん) (shibō shikin): (archaic) in past times, a payment to the surviving family of a government official who died on the job
死亡表(しぼうひょう) (shibōhyō): a mortality table, an actuarial table
死亡保険(しぼうほけん) (shibō hoken): term insurance, term life insurance

VerbEdit

死(し)亡(ぼう)する • (shibō suru) ^{←しばう (sibau)^?} intransitive suru (stem 死(し)亡(ぼう)し (shibō shi), past 死(し)亡(ぼう)した (shibō shita))

to die

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of "死亡する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	死亡し	しぼうし	shibō shi
Continuative (連用形)	死亡し	しぼうし	shibō shi
Terminal (終止形)	死亡する	しぼうする	shibō suru
Attributive (連体形)	死亡する	しぼうする	shibō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	死亡すれ	しぼうすれ	shibō sure
Imperative (命令形)	死亡せよ¹ 死亡しろ²	しぼうせよ¹ しぼうしろ²	shibō seyo¹ shibō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	死亡される	しぼうされる	shibō sareru
Causative	死亡させる死亡さす	しぼうさせるしぼうさす	shibō saseru shibō sasu
Potential	死亡できる	しぼうできる	shibō dekiru
Volitional	死亡しよう	しぼうしよう	shibō shiyō
Negative	死亡しない	しぼうしない	shibō shinai
Negative continuative	死亡せず	しぼうせず	shibō sezu
Formal	死亡します	しぼうします	shibō shimasu
Perfective	死亡した	しぼうした	shibō shita
Conjunctive	死亡して	しぼうして	shibō shite
Hypothetical conditional	死亡すれば	しぼうすれば	shibō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

SynonymsEdit

See Thesaurus:死ぬ

ReferencesEdit

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

KoreanEdit

Hanja in this term
死	亡

NounEdit

死亡 • (samang) (hangeul 사망)

Hanja form^? of 사망 (“death”).

VietnameseEdit

Hán tự in this term
死	亡

NounEdit

死亡

Hán tự form of tử vong (“death”).