Translingual
edit
Glyph origin
edit
|
Old Chinese
|
---|
唉
|
*qʰlɯː, *qɯː, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ
|
埃
|
*qlɯː
|
欸
|
*qɯː, *qʰrɯːs
|
娭
|
*qɯː, *qʰlɯ
|
挨
|
*qlɯːʔ, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ
|
騃
|
*ŋrɯːʔ, *sɢrɯʔ
|
俟
|
*sɢrɯʔ, *ɡlɯl
|
竢
|
*sɢrɯʔ
|
涘
|
*sɢrɯʔ
|
誒
|
*qʰlɯ
|
矣
|
*ɢlɯʔ
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qlɯːʔ, *qrɯː, *qrɯːʔ): semantic 扌 + phonetic 矣 (OC *ɢlɯʔ).
Pronunciation 1
edit
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Note:
- ă̤ - vernacular;
- ăi - literary.
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- oe/e/ere - vernacular;
- ai - literary.
Note:
- oi1 - vernacular;
- ai1 - literary.
Wu
Note:
- 1a - vernacular;
- 1e - literary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
---|
Character
|
挨
|
挨
|
挨
|
---|
Reading #
|
1/3
|
2/3
|
3/3
|
---|
No.
|
14937
|
14939
|
14941
|
---|
Phonetic component
|
矣
|
矣
|
矣
|
---|
Rime group
|
之
|
之
|
之
|
---|
Rime subdivision
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
---|
Corresponding MC rime
|
欸
|
|
挨
|
---|
Old Chinese
|
/*qlɯːʔ/
|
/*qrɯː/
|
/*qrɯːʔ/
|
---|
Notes
|
|
廣韻乙諧切右從俟
|
|
---|
Definitions
edit
挨
- to hit from behind; to hit the back
- to get close to; to be next to
- to depend on; to rely on
- to crowd; to push and squeeze
- to follow in sequence; to be someone's turn; to go one by one
- 挨家挨戶/挨家挨户 (āijiā'āihù, “from door to door, from house to house”)
- 一個挨一個地過/一个挨一个地过 ― yīge ái yīge de guò ― to go one by one
- (dialectal Mandarin) at
- (Cantonese) to lean on
- (Hokkien, Teochew) to grind
- (Hokkien, Hakka) to play (a stringed instrument)
- (Fuqing Min Dong) to push
Synonyms
edit
- 守 (shǒu)
- 挨著/挨着 (āizhe)
- 接觸/接触 (jiēchù)
- 搭倚 (Min Nan)
- 攏/拢 (lǒng) (literary, or in compounds)
- 攏邊/拢边 (long3 bienn1) (Xiang)
- 沾
- 涉獵/涉猎 (shèliè)
- 湊/凑 (còu)
- 觸及/触及 (chùjí)
- 近前 (jìnqián) (literary)
- 靠攏/靠拢 (kàolǒng)
- 靠近 (kàojìn)
Dialectal synonyms of
在 (“at, in”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
---|
Classical Chinese
|
於
|
---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
在
|
---|
Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
在, 挨, 跟
|
---|
Taiwan
|
在
|
Harbin
|
在
|
Jinan
|
在, 從
|
Wanrong
|
在
|
Xi'an
|
在
|
Ürümqi
|
在
|
Wuhan
|
在
|
Chengdu
|
在
|
Guiyang
|
在
|
Guilin
|
在
|
Liuzhou
|
在
|
Yangzhou
|
在
|
Nanjing
|
在
|
Hefei
|
在
|
Malaysia
|
在
|
Singapore
|
在
|
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
|
在
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
喺, 響
|
---|
Hong Kong
|
喺, 響
|
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
喺, 在
|
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
喺, 響
|
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
在
|
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
在
|
Macau
|
喺
|
Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
喺, 響
|
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
響, 喺
|
Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
在
|
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
在
|
Foshan
|
喺, 響
|
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
喺, 響
|
Foshan (Shunde)
|
喺
|
Foshan (Sanshui)
|
喺
|
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
喺, 響
|
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
在
|
Zhuhai (Qianshan)
|
在
|
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)
|
響, 揀
|
Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
揀
|
Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
喺
|
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
喺
|
Taishan
|
到, 響
|
Kaiping (Chikan)
|
到, 響
|
Enping (Niujiang)
|
到, 響
|
Heshan (Yayao)
|
響
|
Dongguan
|
響, 在, 喺
|
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
在
|
Yangjiang
|
在
|
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
喺, 響
|
Singapore (Guangfu)
|
喺
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
在
|
---|
Lichuan
|
在
|
Pingxiang
|
在
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
嗨
|
---|
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
在
|
Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
在
|
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
在
|
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
在
|
Conghua (Lütian)
|
在
|
Yudu
|
在
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
在
|
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
在
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
在
|
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
在
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
在
|
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
在
|
Hong Kong
|
在
|
Senai (Huiyang)
|
在
|
Kuching (Hepo)
|
在
|
Singapore (Dabu)
|
在
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
在
|
---|
Xinzhou
|
在
|
Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
到
|
---|
Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
著, 在, 洽
|
---|
Fuqing
|
著, 洽
|
Singapore (Fuqing)
|
著
|
Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
---|
Quanzhou
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
Zhangzhou
|
佇, 咧, 蹛
|
Zhao'an
|
佇, 蹛
|
Taipei
|
佇
|
New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
佇
|
Kaohsiung
|
佇
|
Yilan
|
佇
|
Changhua (Lukang)
|
佇
|
Taichung
|
佇
|
Tainan
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
Hsinchu
|
佇
|
Kinmen
|
佇
|
Penghu (Magong)
|
佇
|
Penang (Hokkien)
|
佇, 蹛
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
佇, 壏
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
佇, 踮
|
Chaozhou
|
在
|
Shantou
|
在
|
Shantou (Chenghai)
|
在
|
Shantou (Chaoyang)
|
在
|
Jieyang
|
在, 壏, 放
|
Haifeng
|
著
|
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
在
|
Singapore (Teochew)
|
在, 壏
|
Leizhou
|
佇, 放
|
Wenchang
|
佇
|
Singapore (Hainanese)
|
佇
|
Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
在
|
---|
Wu
|
Shanghai
|
辣, 辣辣, 辣海, 辣該
|
---|
Suzhou
|
勒
|
Danyang
|
在
|
Hangzhou
|
勒, 勒哈, 在
|
Ningbo
|
來, 來勒, 來的, 來東, 來當, 來該
|
Wenzhou
|
是
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
在
|
---|
Loudi
|
在
|
Shuangfeng
|
在
|
Dialectal synonyms of
拉 (“to play (a stringed instrument, e.g. the erhu)”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
拉
|
---|
Mandarin
|
Taiwan
|
拉
|
---|
Yantai (Muping)
|
拉
|
Jinan
|
拉
|
Wanrong
|
拉
|
Xi'an
|
拉
|
Ürümqi
|
拉
|
Wuhan
|
鋸
|
Guiyang
|
扯
|
Liuzhou
|
扯
|
Singapore
|
拉
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
拉
|
---|
Hong Kong
|
拉
|
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
拉
|
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
扯
|
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
牙
|
Taishan
|
拉
|
Gan
|
Lichuan
|
扯
|
---|
Pingxiang
|
鋸, 扯
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
鋸
|
---|
Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
拉
|
Heyuan (Bendihua)
|
拉
|
Wengyuan
|
拉
|
Liannan
|
拉
|
Jiexi
|
挨
|
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
|
牽
|
Changting
|
鋸
|
Wuping (Yanqian)
|
拉
|
Ninghua
|
鋸
|
Yudu
|
鋸
|
Ningdu
|
鋸
|
Tonggu (Sandu)
|
拉
|
Ganzhou (Panlong)
|
扯
|
Dayu
|
拉
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
鋸, 挨
|
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
鋸, 挨
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
挨, 鋸
|
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
鋸, 挨
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
挨, 鋸
|
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
挨
|
Hong Kong
|
拉
|
Mengshan (Xihe)
|
拉
|
Luchuan
|
拉
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
拉
|
---|
Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
鋸
|
---|
Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
拉, 挨
|
---|
Quanzhou
|
拉, 挨
|
Zhangzhou
|
拉, 挨
|
Zhao'an
|
鋸
|
Tainan
|
挨
|
Raoping
|
鋸
|
Shantou
|
鋸
|
Jieyang
|
鋸, 牽
|
Haifeng
|
鋸
|
Wenchang
|
彈
|
Haikou
|
彈
|
Wu
|
Shanghai
|
拉
|
---|
Danyang
|
拉
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
鋸
|
---|
Loudi
|
鋸
|
Dialectal synonyms of
推 (“to push”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
推
|
---|
Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
推, 㩳, 搡
|
---|
Taiwan
|
推
|
Harbin
|
㩳, 搡
|
Jinan
|
推
|
Zhengzhou
|
擁
|
Xi'an
|
掀, 推
|
Wuhan
|
推, 㩳, 揎
|
Chengdu
|
推, 揎, 捎, 搊, 㩳
|
Guilin
|
推
|
Xuzhou
|
搑
|
Yangzhou
|
推, 搡
|
Hefei
|
推, 搡
|
Singapore
|
推
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
推, 擁
|
---|
Hong Kong
|
推, 擁
|
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
擁
|
Taishan
|
擁
|
Yangjiang
|
宿, 擁, 𢱤
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
推, 揎, 㩳
|
---|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
𢱤
|
---|
Xingning
|
𢱤
|
Huidong (Daling)
|
𢱤
|
Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
擁
|
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
擁
|
Changting
|
𢱤
|
Wuping
|
𢱤
|
Wuping (Pingyu)
|
𢱤
|
Liancheng
|
𢱤
|
Ninghua
|
𢱤
|
Yudu
|
𢱤
|
Ruijin
|
𢱤
|
Shicheng
|
𢱤
|
Shangyou (Shexi)
|
𢱤
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
𢱤
|
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
𢱤
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
𢱤
|
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
𢱤
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
𢱤
|
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
𢳪
|
Hong Kong
|
推, 𢱤, 擁
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
推
|
---|
Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
捵, 𢱤
|
---|
Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
捵, 𢱤
|
---|
Fuqing
|
挨, 捵
|
Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
㧣, 捒, 攄
|
---|
Quanzhou
|
捒, 攄
|
Jinjiang
|
㧣
|
Zhangzhou
|
㧣, 捒, 攄
|
Taipei
|
攄
|
New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
攄
|
Kaohsiung
|
攄
|
Yilan
|
攄
|
Changhua (Lukang)
|
攄, 㧣
|
Taichung
|
攄, 㧣
|
Tainan
|
攄
|
Hsinchu
|
攄, 㧣
|
Kinmen
|
攄, 㧣
|
Penghu (Magong)
|
攄
|
Penang (Hokkien)
|
捒, 攄
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
㧣
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
㧣
|
Chaozhou
|
攆, 舁
|
Shantou
|
推, 攆
|
Jieyang
|
攆
|
Singapore (Teochew)
|
攆, 㧣
|
Wu
|
Shanghai
|
推
|
---|
Suzhou
|
推
|
Ningbo
|
推
|
Wenzhou
|
㨄, 推
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
寵, 推
|
---|
Shuangfeng
|
攮, 搡
|
Compounds
edit
Pronunciation 2
edit
Definitions
edit
挨
- to suffer; to endure; to put up with
- 挨餓/挨饿 ― ái'è ― to suffer from hunger
- to drag out; to delay; to stall
- to struggle to pull through; to wait (for a long time)
- to drag on; to scrabble for a living
Synonyms
edit
- 展緩/展缓 (zhǎnhuǎn)
- 延宕 (yándàng) (literary)
- 延延 (Min Nan)
- 延後/延后 (yánhòu)
- 延期 (yánqī)
- 延緩/延缓 (yánhuǎn)
- 延誤/延误 (yánwù)
- 延遲/延迟 (yánchí)
- 拖 (tuō)
- 拖宕 (tuōdàng)
- 拖延 (tuōyán)
- 拖拉 (tuōlā)
- 拖磨 (tuōmó) (literary)
- 拖逗 (tuōdòu) (literary)
- 挨延 (Min Nan)
- 挨稽 (Min Nan)
- 挨臺/挨台 (ngai2 tai2) (Sichuanese)
- 推宕 (tuīdàng) (literary)
- 推延 (tuīyán)
- 捱延 (Min Nan)
- 捱稽 (Min Nan)
- 推遲/推迟 (tuīchí)
- 暫緩/暂缓 (zànhuǎn)
- 稽延 (jīyán) (literary)
- 緩/缓 (huǎn)
- 耗 (regional)
- 耽延 (dānyán)
- 耽擱/耽搁
- 耽誤/耽误
- 貽誤/贻误 (yíwù)
- 遲延/迟延 (chíyán)
- 遷延/迁延 (qiānyán) (literary)
- 遲滯/迟滞 (chízhì)
- 順延/顺延 (shùnyán)
Antonyms
edit
Compounds
edit
See also
edit
References
edit
Japanese
edit
挨 • (ae) (hangeul 애, McCune–Reischauer ae, Yale ay)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
edit
Han character
edit
挨: Hán Nôm readings: ai, ẩy
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.