大丈夫

Chinese edit

		big; great; huge big; great; huge; large; major; wide; deep; oldest; eldest; doctor	husband; man; male
simp. and trad. (大丈夫)		大	丈夫

Etymology 1 edit

Attestable in pre-Qin texts.

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dàzhàngfu, dàzhàngfū

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ˙ㄈㄨ, ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ㄈㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): daai⁶ zoeng⁶ fu¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thai-chhong-fû
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi-tiōng-hu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, colloquial, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàzhàngfu
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ˙ㄈㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàjhàngfů
  - Wade–Giles: ta⁴-chang⁴-fu⁵
  - Yale: dà-jàng-fu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahjanq.fu
  - Palladius: дачжанфу (dačžanfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹ fu¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, literary alternative in Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàzhàngfū
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ㄈㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàjhàngfu
  - Wade–Giles: ta⁴-chang⁴-fu¹
  - Yale: dà-jàng-fū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahjanqfu
  - Palladius: дачжанфу (dačžanfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: daai⁶ zoeng⁶ fu¹
  - Yale: daaih jeuhng fū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: daai⁶ dzoeng⁶ fu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dai⁶ zêng⁶ fu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːi̯²² t͡sœːŋ²² fuː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thai-chhong-fû
  - Hakka Romanization System: tai cong fu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tai⁴ cong⁴ fu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰai̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵ fu²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi-tiōng-hu
  - Tâi-lô: tāi-tiōng-hu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daixdioxnghw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² hu³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²⁻²¹ tiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tai³³⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ hu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³⁻²¹ tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hu⁴⁴/

Noun edit

大丈夫

real man; man of character
男子漢大丈夫，流血不流淚 [MSC, trad.]
男子汉大丈夫，流血不流泪 [MSC, simp.]
nánzǐhàn dàzhàngfū, liúxuè bù liúlèi [Pinyin]
A true man bleeds but never sheds a tear
- 居天下之廣居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道。得志與民由之，不得志獨行其道。富貴不能淫，貧賤不能移，威武不能屈。此之謂大丈夫。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  居天下之广居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道。得志与民由之，不得志独行其道。富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈。此之谓大丈夫。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Jū tiānxià zhī guǎngjū, lì tiānxià zhī zhèngwèi, xíng tiānxià zhī dàdào. Dézhì yǔ mín yóu zhī, bùdézhì dúxíng qí dào. Fùguì bùnéng yín, pínjiàn bùnéng yí, wēiwǔ bùnéng qū. Cǐ zhī wèi dàzhàngfū. [Pinyin]
  If you dwell in the great house of the world, are established in your correct position in the world, walk the great Path of the world; if you attain your ambitions for office, and then share your goodness with the people—or, not attaining your ambitions for office and walking alone on your own Path; if wealth and honor do not dissipate you, poverty and low status do not make you move from your principles; authority and might do not distort you: Then you can be called a “great man.”
- 前識者，道之華而愚之始也。是以大丈夫處其厚，不處其薄；居其實，不居其華。故去彼取此。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  前识者，道之华而愚之始也。是以大丈夫处其厚，不处其薄；居其实，不居其华。故去彼取此。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE
  Qiánshí zhě, dào zhī huá ér yú zhī shǐ yě. Shì yǐ dàzhàngfū chù qí hòu, bù chù qí bó; jū qí shí, bù jū qí huá. Gù qù bǐ qǔ cǐ. [Pinyin]
  Foreknowledge is the flower of Tao, but of ignorance the beginning. Therefore a great sportsman abides by the solid and dwells not in the superficial. He abides in the fruit and dwells not in the flower. Therefore he discards the latter and chooses the former.
- 所謂「大丈夫」者，謂其智之大也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  所谓「大丈夫」者，谓其智之大也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Han Feizi, circa 2^nd century BCE
  Suǒwèi “dàzhàngfū” zhě, wèi qí zhì zhī dà yě. [Pinyin]
  "A great sportsman" is so called because his wisdom is great.

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic (大丈夫):

→ Japanese: 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) (daijōbu); 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ふ) (daijōfu)
→ Korean: 대장부(大丈夫) (daejangbu)
→ Vietnamese: đại trượng phu (大丈夫)

Etymology 2 edit

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) (daijōbu), from Chinese 大丈夫.

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dàzhàngfū

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ㄈㄨ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàzhàngfū
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄤˋ ㄈㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàjhàngfu
  - Wade–Giles: ta⁴-chang⁴-fu¹
  - Yale: dà-jàng-fū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dahjanqfu
  - Palladius: дачжанфу (dačžanfu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹ fu⁵⁵/

Adjective edit

大丈夫

(Internet slang) all right; okay
這樣大丈夫？／这样大丈夫？ ― Zhèyàng dàzhàngfū? ― Is this okay?

Japanese edit

FWOTD – 6 January 2023

Kanji in this term
大	丈	夫
だい Grade: 1	じょう Grade: S	ぶ Grade: 4
goon

Alternative forms edit

(informal) だいじょぶ (daijobu)

Etymology edit

From Chinese 大丈夫, equivalent to 大 (dai-) +‎ 丈夫 (jōbu).

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) だいじょーぶ [dàíjóꜜòbù] (Nakadaka – [3])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [da̠iʑo̞ːbɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun edit

大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) • (daijōbu) ^{←だいぢやうぶ (daidyaubu)^?}
(alternative reading hiragana だいじょうふ, rōmaji daijōfu, historical hiragana だいぢやうふ)

(archaic) a man of class; a great man

Adjective edit

大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) • (daijōbu) ^{←だいぢやうぶ (daidyaubu)^?}-na (adnominal 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)な (daijōbu na), adverbial 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)に (daijōbu ni))

(of a person) all right; okay; in good health; uninjured
Synonym: 無事 (buji)

大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)ですか。
Daijōbu desu ka.
Are you all right?
- 1996 February 20 [1988 February 15], Mitsuru Adachi, “なにがなんだか後編 [What’s What: Last Chapter]”, in SHORT(ショート) PROGRAM(プログラム) (SHORT(ショート) PROGRAM(プログラム)), 25th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 283:
  
  大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)受(う)かります！
  Daijōbu ukarimasu!
  That’ll be all right. You’ll definitely pass!
  ほんとに⁉
  Honto ni⁉
  Really!?
(of an object) all right, unbroken, still working
certain, correct, certifiable
(after the te form of a verb) indifferent, unconcerned
Synonyms: かまわない (kamawanai), 差し支えない (sashitsukaenai)

遅(ち)刻(こく)しても大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)だ。
Chikoku shitemo daijōbu da.
It's no big deal to be late.
(in response to an offer) no thank you
Synonyms: いい (ii), 結構 (kekkou), 要らない (iranai)

レジ袋(ぶくろ)は大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ)です。
Rejibukuro wa daijōbu desu.
I am fine without a plastic bag.

Usage notes edit

In strict terms, declining an offer with 大丈夫 is considered ambiguous. Nonetheless, the usage has become widespread in modern day Japan.

Descendants edit

→ Hokkien: lăi-jiò͘-bù
→ Mandarin: 大丈夫 (dàzhàngfū)
→ Yonaguni: 大丈夫 (daidubu)

References edit

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja in this term
大	丈	夫

Noun edit

大丈夫 • (daejangbu) (hangeul 대장부)

Hanja form^? of 대장부 (“real man”).

Vietnamese edit

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
大	丈	夫

Noun edit

大丈夫

chữ Hán form of đại trượng phu (“great man”).

Yonaguni edit

Kanji in this term
大	丈	夫
Grade: 1	Grade: S	Grade: 4

Etymology edit

From Japanese 大(だい)丈(じょう)夫(ぶ) (daijōbu), from Chinese 大丈夫 (dàzhàngfu).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /daidubu/

Adjective edit

大丈夫(だいどぅぶ) (daidubu)

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

大丈夫

Contents

Chinese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Descendants edit

See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

Japanese edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

Adjective edit

Usage notes edit

Descendants edit

References edit

Korean edit

Noun edit

Vietnamese edit

Noun edit

Yonaguni edit

Etymology edit

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit