U+611A, 愚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-611A

[U+6119]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+611B]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 61, +9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 田月心 (WBP), four-corner 60332, composition )

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 395, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10946
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2321, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+611A

ChineseEdit

trad.
simp. #

Glyph originEdit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋo): phonetic (OC *ŋo, *ŋos) + semantic (heart) – stupid.

PronunciationEdit


Note:
  • ngṳ̀ - literary;
  • kṳ̀ - vernacular.
  • Min Nan
  • Note: ngu5 - Chaoyang.

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /y³⁵/
    Harbin /y⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /y⁴⁵/
    Jinan /y²¹³/
    Qingdao /y²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /y⁴²/
    Xi'an /y²⁴/
    Xining /y²⁴/
    Yinchuan /y⁵³/
    Lanzhou /y¹³/
    Ürümqi /y²¹³/
    Wuhan /y²¹³/
    Chengdu /y³¹/
    Guiyang /i²¹/
    Kunming /i³¹/
    Nanjing /y²⁴/
    Hefei /zz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /y¹¹/
    Pingyao /y¹³/
    Hohhot /y³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ȵy²³/
    Suzhou /ȵy¹³/
    Hangzhou /ɦz̩ʷ²¹³/
    Wenzhou /ȵy³¹/
    Hui Shexian /ny⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /y⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /y¹³/
    Xiangtan /y¹²/
    Gan Nanchang
    Hakka Meixian /ŋi¹¹/
    Taoyuan /ŋi²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /jy²¹/
    Nanning /y²¹/
    Hong Kong /jy²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /gu³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ŋy⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ŋy⁴⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /ŋõ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /zi³¹/
    /ŋai³¹/ 訓獃

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (31)
    Final () (24)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter ngju
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ŋɨo/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ŋio/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ŋio/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ŋuə̆/
    Li
    Rong
    /ŋio/
    Wang
    Li
    /ŋĭu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ŋi̯u/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jyu4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15919
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*ŋo/

    DefinitionsEdit

    1. foolish; stupid
    2. to fool; to dupe
    3. (humble) I

    SynonymsEdit

    DescendantsEdit

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Korean: (愚) (u)
    • Vietnamese: ngu ()

    Others:

    • Thai: โง่ (ngôo, ignorant; stupid; unintelligent)

    CompoundsEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. bullshit
    2. foolish
    3. absurdity
    4. stupid

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    EtymologyEdit

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: S
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC ŋɨo).

    PronunciationEdit

    AdjectiveEdit

    () (gu-na (adnominal () (gu na), adverbial () (gu ni))

    1. foolish
      Synonym: 愚か (oroka)

    InflectionEdit

    NounEdit

    () (gu

    1. foolishness, folly
      • 1900, 田中正造, 亡國に至るを知らざれば之れ即ち亡國の儀に付質問[1], 青空文庫:
        [] (おのれ)()()れば(すなは)()にあらず、(おのれ)()なることを()らなければ(これ)(しん)()である。
        [] onore no gu o shireba sunawachi gu ni arazu, onore no gu naru koto o shiranakereba kore ga shin no gu de aru.
        [] if you know your own foolishness, then you are not foolish. If you do not know that you are foolish, this is true foolishness.

    Derived termsEdit

    PronounEdit

    () (gu

    1. (humble) I, me

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    (u) (hangeul , revised u, McCune–Reischauer u, Yale wu)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    VietnameseEdit

    AdjectiveEdit

    (ngu)

    1. stupid; doltish; foolish